制样压应力对显微拉曼光谱法获取碳材料结构参数的影响

为了研究金相制样过程中压应力对获取碳材料拉曼特征参数R的影响,对不同温度处理的碳纤维和树脂碳进行了研究.结果表明,制样过程中的压应力对准确获取碳材料的拉曼特征参数具有一定的影响,尤其是对经过高温处理硬度较小的碳材料的影响更大,造成了碳材料R的增大.建议在制备碳材料的显微拉曼光谱测试试样时采用较小的压应力.     

分布式卫星系统仿真平台研究现状与技术分析

支持分布式卫星系统(DSS)开发和实验的仿真平台是DSS技术发展的关键技术之一,本文对DSS仿真平台现状和关键技术进行了分析。首先对比分析了现有3种典型的仿真平台,认为为追求尽可能高的逼真度,实时分布式仿真成为必然。继而从分布式计算角度分析了实时分布式仿真面临的分布性、实时性、仿真部件互操作性和可重用性的问题,而中间件技术可以很好地解决这些问题。最后讨论了中间件实现模式,并分析了中间件在DSS仿真中3种可能的应用方式。     

缝隙间隙密封在阀设计中的运用

在某型飞机使用的阀中采用了缝隙间隙密封,依据计算、设计和试验阐述了泄漏量与压力、间隙尺寸、粘度及材质的关系。当间隙尺寸确定时,粘度越大,压力越小,材质越硬,则泄漏量越小,即阀在采用缝隙间隙密封时,泄漏量与工作介质的种类有关,每种工作介质粘度不同,泄漏量也不同,阀体材质越密,抗泄漏越好。因此,应尽量选择粘度系数大的介质和材质较密的材料。     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow with vortex production——A general model

By using a special momentum approach and with the help of interchange between singularity velocity and induced flow velocity, we derive in a physical way explicit force formulas for twodimensional inviscid flow involving multiple bound and free vortices, multiple airfoils, and vortex production. These force formulas hold individually for each airfoil thus allowing for force decomposition, and the contributions to forces from singularities(such as bound and image vortices,sources, and doublets) and bodies out of an airfoil are related to their induced velocities at the locations of singularities inside this airfoil. The force contribution due to vortex production is related to the vortex production rate and the distance between each pair of vortices in production, thus frameindependent. The formulas are validated against a number of standard problems. These force formulas, which generalize the classic Kutta–Joukowski theorem(for a single bound vortex) and the recent generalized Lagally theorem(for problems without a bound vortex and vortex production) to more general cases, can be used to identify or understand the roles of outside vortices and bodies on the forces of the actual body, optimize arrangement of outside vortices and bodies for force enhancement or reduction, and derive analytical force formulas once the flow field is given or known.     

射线透照等效系数测试方法分析

为获得不同透照电压下不同标准材料的射线透照等效系数,以50 kV 透照电压为例,以钛为标准 材料,揭示了同时透照法和图像法两种等效系数的测试方法。通过对同时透照法步骤及存在问题的分析,引入 了解决问题的阶梯扩展和厚度校正两种手段。在等效系数图像法的分析过程中,明确了曝光曲线种类和黑度 选取的原则,阐述了曝光曲线与图像法的关系,结合数学手段运用,获得了等效系数与透照电压相关,但不随曝 光量改变而变化的结论。     

复合材料机尾罩减重设计

根据复合材料层压板及夹层结构设计原则提出了某飞机机尾罩复合材料设计方案,结合复合材料强度计算方法进行有限元分析及强度校核。分析结果表明:在满足静强度的前提下,与金属机尾罩相比,复合材料机尾罩重量减少28.4%。     

15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢磁粉检测磁痕分析

针对航空15-5PH马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中发现的条状、片状和长直磁痕显示进行了总结。分析了不同磁痕显示的特点及微观组织情况,最终确定了磁痕的性质。结合不同热处理状态下的磁特性分析,确立了纯洁度磁粉检测的工艺流程以及磁痕判别方法。研究发现沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中磁痕显示主要是由铁素体和组织不均匀造成的。研究结论为航空制造过程中沉淀硬化不锈钢的磁粉检测的磁痕判定以及规范的制定提供依据,确保磁粉检测工作的顺利进行。     

Automatic differentiation based discrete adjoint method for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes

A systematic methodology for formulating, implementing, solving and verifying discrete adjoint of the compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes is proposed. First, a general adjoint formulation is con-structed for the entire optimization problem, including parameterization, mesh deformation, flow solution and computation of the objective function, which is followed by detailed formulations of matrix-vector products arising in the adjoint model. According to this formulation, procedural components of implementing the required matrix-vector products are generated by means of auto-matic differentiation (AD) in a structured and modular manner. Furthermore, a duality-preserving iterative algorithm is employed to solve flow adjoint equations arising in the adjoint model, ensur-ing identical convergence rates for the tangent and the adjoint models. A three-step strategy is adopted to verify the adjoint computation. The proposed method has several remarkable features:the use of AD techniques avoids tedious and error-prone manual derivation and programming;duality is strictly preserved so that consistent and highly accurate discrete sensitivities can be obtained; and comparable efficiency to hand-coded implementation can be achieved. Upon the cur-rent discrete adjoint method, a gradient-based optimization framework has been developed and applied to a drag reduction problem.     

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass,and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability.Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster (SRB).The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed.The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity.On the contrary,the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity.The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.     

使用GAO-YONG湍流方程组计算翼型分离流

采用SIMPLE方法求解GAO-YONG不可压湍流方程组, 对不同来流迎角下的NACA0012翼型绕流结构进行了数值模拟, 给出了翼型绕流分离流结构随迎角的变化特征和翼型在分离绕流中的气动力参数.与实验数据以及大涡模拟结果的比较表明, GAO-YONG不可压湍流方程组能够对翼型绕流的分离点、分离涡形态、表面压力分布、升阻特性做出较好的预测, 能够模拟翼型大攻角分离流动, 计算结果优于FLU-ENT软件中的k-ε、k-ω、k-ωsst模型的计算结果.