Fracture behavior and self-sharpening mechanisms of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in grinding based on cohesive element method

Unlike monocrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN), polycrystalline CBN (PCBN) shows not only higher fracture resistance induced by tool-workpiece interaction but also better self-sharpening capability; therefore, efforts have been devoted to the study of PCBN applications in manufacturing engineering. Most of the studies, however, remain qualitative due to difficulties in experimental observations and theoretical modeling and provide limited in-depth understanding of the self-sharpening behavior/mechanism. To fill this research gap, the present study investigates the self-sharpening process of PCBN abrasives in grinding and analyzes the macro-scale fracture behavior and highly localized micro-scale crack propagation in detail. The widely employed finite element (FE) method, together with the classic Voronoi diagram and cohesive element technique, is used considering the pronounced success of FE applications in polycrystalline material modeling. Grinding trials with careful observation of the PCBN abrasive morphologies are performed to validate the proposed method. The self-sharpening details, including fracture morphology, grinding force, strain energy, and damage dissipation energy, are studied. The effects of maximum grain cut depths (MGCDs) and grinding speeds on the PCBN fracture behavior are discussed, and their optimum ranges for preferable PCBN self-sharpening performance are suggested.     

Multi-parameter optimization of machining impeller surface based on the on-machine measuring technique

Selecting the optimal machining parameters for impeller surface is a challenging task in the automatic manufacturing industry, due to its free-form surface and deep-crooked flow channel. Existing experimental methods require lots of machining experiments and off-line tests, which may lead to high machining cost and low efficiency. This paper proposes a novel method of machining parameters optimization for an impeller based on the on-machine measuring technique. The absolute average error and standard deviation of the measured points are used to define the grey relational grade for reconstructing the objective function, and the complex problem of multi-objective optimization is simplified into a problem of single-objective optimization. Then, by comparing the values of the defined grey relational grade in a designed orthogonal experiment, the optimal combination of the machining parameters is obtained. The experiment-solving process of the objective function corresponds to the minimization of the used errors, which is advantageous to reducing the machining error. The proposed method is efficient and low-cost, since it does not require re-clamping the workpiece for off-line tests. Its effectiveness is verified by an on-machine inspection experiment of the impeller blade.     

自适应中心变异差分进化算法及其在涡轮叶型优化设计中的应用

为了更好地求解多维复杂函数优化问题,提出了自适应中心变异差分进化算法(SCDE),并以低温火箭发动机多级氧涡轮叶片的高精度气动型面优化设计为例进行了验证.使用商业软件进行三维叶片几何造型和单通道流场分析,计算得到涡轮效率作为优化设计评价指标.最终得到了合理的优化结果,涡轮效率相比初始设计提高了5.25%.      

用于激光吸收光谱二维重建的光谱优化选择方法研究

光谱组合对多光谱重建技术的重建结果有很大影响,不合理的光谱组合会降低光谱测量的有效性,加大重建误差。为了从海量的光谱数据库中选出适用于被测流场参数范围的最优光谱组合,提出了一种基于向量组线性相关性的光谱选择方法,采用数值仿真的方法开展研究,仿真结果验证了方法的可行性与可靠性。分析了测量信号无噪声和存在噪声时,光谱数量与重建结果的关系。研究发现最优光谱组合的线性相关指数小于0.01时,该组合存在光谱的冗余。保证测量有效性的同时光谱数量最少的光谱组合为线性相关指数不小于0.01的最优光谱组合。测量存在噪声时,光谱数量越多,噪声的抑制效果越好,重建结果精度更高。通过重复测量法可以有效降低噪声影响,用最少数量的光谱实现更多光谱的测量效果。     

基于激光吸收光谱层析技术的超燃冲压发动机氢气引导煤油燃烧过程分析

为了解超燃冲压发动机引导点火过程中燃烧流场截面参数分布特征和传播规律,利用激光吸收光谱技术对氢气引导煤油燃烧过程进行测量和分析.在约200ms的引导燃烧过程中,激光吸收光谱层析测量系统对流场截面温度二维分布进行了全程的测量,时间分辨率为1ms.对于测量结果,重点分析了氢气加注、上壁面煤油加注和下壁面煤油加注三个关键阶段...     

基于动力学守恒定律的弹道有源假目标鉴别方法

针对外层空间有源假目标欺骗干扰,提出了一种基于动力学守恒定律的弹道有源假目标鉴别方法.有源假目标由于并不是客观存在的运动实体,不满足动量矩守恒定律和机械能守恒定律,可以利用这种差异进行鉴别.首先从理论上分析了假目标不满足动力学守恒定律,其次推导了动力学常量的方差估计式并设计了鉴别门限,最后仿真试验验证了算法的有效性.     

航空产品夹具设计的智能自适应关键技术研究

为了解决航空产品夹具设计中元件设计几何修改繁琐的问题,提出了夹具设计智能自适应的实现方法。利用面向对象的思想构建了元件类、元件类属性、元件参数和元件规则,用以描述夹具元件之间的设计知识。利用XML自定义标记语言封装知识脚本并给出了脚本解析算法。构建模型几何快照算法用以捕获元件设计所发生的修改,构建模型修改定位算法用以找到并修改被影响位置。     

航空发动机叶片突丢后动载荷对螺栓强度的影响

航空发动机使用过程中,若发生叶片丢失,除了会导致非包容性破坏外,还会产生动态载荷,从而可导致发动机的连接螺栓破坏,引发更大的故障。针对风扇试验件试验时因叶片丢失而引发的连接螺栓断裂故障,计算了单个风扇叶片丢失后转子支点处产生的动态载荷,分析了动态载荷作用下危险截面处螺栓的应力,并结合断口分析结果验证了分析结果的正确性。本研究成果可为航空发动机转子在叶片丢失情况下的强度设计提供极限载荷输入。     

带底部法兰筒形件切旋成形工艺研究

旋压成形工艺是一种少/无切削、成形力小的渐进成形技术,广泛应用于现代制造业。针对带底部法兰的筒形件提出一种切旋两步成形工艺,采用有限元方法对不同参数条件下的旋压成形过程进行数值模拟,得到旋轮倾角、旋轮圆角半径以及进给比等因素对成形过程中成形力大小和坯料的筒壁厚度分布以及应变分布的影响,并通过试验验证了工艺的可行性。     

摄动条件下椭圆轨道卫星相对运动研究

基于严格定义的相对轨道要素,考虑非球形引力、大气阻力和三体引力等摄动力的影响,用拟平均根数法添加相关摄动项,推导了椭圆轨道摄动条件下无奇点的卫星近距离相对运动模型。分析了考虑摄动力的影响时相对轨道要素的特性,并据此分析了各摄动力对卫星相对运动轨道预报精度的影响,比较了有无摄动的相对运动模型与精确解间的误差。算例验证了方法与结果的正确性和有效性。研究结果完善了相对轨道要素的基本理论,并将其适用范围拓展至摄动条件下的椭圆基准轨道卫星相对运动研究领域。