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61.
铷放电管是铷光管原子频率标准的关键元件,这个频率标准用于NAVSTAR/GPS卫星并且将在未来的卫星中得到应用。管子的可靠性是个值得关心的问题,它的寿命是根据满足可靠性的因素来设计的,随着时间的增长,由于扩散到管壁的铷电荷逐渐减少。计算其消耗量C的公式为C=A B,在该等式中T为真空管的工作时间,B为系数,它与电荷的扩散有关并且由实验决定。A假定为实际瞬时反应过程的损耗,在我们的一些数据中,损耗的测量表明反应的完结是由时间决定的。我们发现它们之间的关系可以用两个常量来描述,A'和D,A'(1-exp(-DT),由动力学第一级反应推得,这样我们可以在有限的实验数据的基础上更好地预测铷的长期损耗。 相似文献
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本文在基本假设的基础上,探讨了航线客运价格决策分析模型,着重研究了两点之间存在多条旅行路线的条件下,旅客对旅行路线的选择行为与旅行路线经营者的决策行为问题。在经营者独立竞争的情况下,文章从被动决策、预期决策等角度建立了均衡过程模型。在旅客行为研究中,本文得出结论,旅客选择旅行路线决定于他的最大价格边际效用。 相似文献
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Tigranyan RA 《Acta Astronautica》1975,2(3-4):189-196
The effect on the organism of a 12-day stay in a water immersion medium (head on the water surface) was studied on 10 subjects. The condition of the metabolic processes in the subjects was judged from the investigation of the parameters of protein and carbohydrate metabolism, acid-base equilibrium, the activity of a number of enzymes and steroid hormones. The venous blood and diurnal urine served as the material for conducting the corresponding biochemical determinations. The stay in an immersion medium is accompanied by a significant increase in the content of residual nitrogen in the blood, by a reduction of the creatinine content in the blood and by an increase of the creatine content of the blood with the simultaneous increase of the excretion of creatinine and creatine with the urine, by a significant increase of the glucose and lactate content in the blood, by the development of acidosis of a respiratory and metabolic character, as well as by a significant increase of the activity of creatine phosphokinase and the isoenzyme fraction of lactate dehydrogenase3. In all the subjects, an expressed intensification of the glucocorticoid and androgenic functions of the adrenal cortex is noted during the experimental period. 相似文献
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Kvetnansky R Culman J Serova LV Tigranjan RA Torda T Macho L 《Acta Astronautica》1983,10(5-6):295-300
The activity of the catecholaminergic system was measured in the hypothalamus of rats which had experienced an 18.5-19.5-day-long stay in the state of weightlessness during space flights on board Soviet biosatellites of the type Cosmos. In the first two experiments, Cosmos 782 and 936, the concentration of norepinephrine and the activities of synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and of the degrading enzyme monoamine oxidase were measured in the total hypothalamus. None of the given parameters was changed after space flight. In the light of the changes of these parameters recorded after exposure to acute stress on Earth, this finding indicates that long-term state of weightlessness does not represent an intensive stressogenic stimulus for the system studied. In the space experiment Cosmos 1129, the concentration of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine was studied in isolated nuclei of the hypothalamus of rats within 6-10 hr following return from space. Norepinephrine was found to be significantly reduced in the arcuate nucleus, median eminence and periventricular nucleus, epinephrine in the median eminence, periventricular and suprachiasmatic nuclei, whereas dopamine was not significantly changed after space flight. The decreased catecholamine levels found in some hypothalamic nuclei of rats which had undergone space flight indicate that no chronic intensive stressor could have acted during the flight, otherwise the catecholamine concentration would have been increased in the nuclei. The decreased levels must have been induced by the effect of a stressogenic factor acting for a short time only, and that either during the landing maneuver or immediately after landing. Thus long-term exposure of the organism to the state of weightlessness does not represent a stressogenic stimulus for the catecholaminergic system in the hypothalamus, which is one of the regulators of the activation of neuroendocrine reactions under stress. 相似文献