Neural and fuzzy reconstructors for the virtual flight datarecorder

The results are presented of a comparative study evaluating the performance of neural network (NN) and fuzzy logic reconstructors (FLRs) for the development of a virtual flight data recorder (VFDK). Typical flight data recorders (FDRS) on commercial airliners do not record the aircraft control surface deflections. These dynamic parameters are critical in the investigation of an accident or an uncommanded maneuver. The results are shown relative to a VFDR based on a neural network simulator (NNS) along with a neural network reconstructor (NNR) or a FLR The NNS is trained off-line, using available flight data for the particular aircraft, for the purpose of simulating any desired dynamic output recorded in current FDRs. The NNS is then interfaced with the NNR or with the FLR. The output of the two reconstructors are the control surface deflections which minimize a performance index based on the differences between the available data from the FDR and the output from the NNS. The study tested with night data from a B737-300 shows that both schemes, the one with the NNR and the one with the FLR, provide accurate reconstructions of the control surface deflections time histories     

Tidal associated temperature disturbances observed at the middle atmosphere (30–65 km) by a Rayleigh lidar at 23°S

A lidar has been operated in São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.2°S, 45.8°W) since 1972, mainly dedicated to the study of mesospheric sodium at the 589 nm resonant line. The molecular Rayleigh scattering can also be used provided we limit the height to ∼75 km where the sodium scattering begins. Nevertheless, the weak signal obtained only permits the determination of density and temperature profiles by accumulating a large number of shots giving only nocturnal average profiles. Temporal variations in density and temperature on the scale of hours can however, be obtained by performing a superposed epoch analysis for a given time interval and covering a period of several days. In this way we obtained hourly mean profiles grouped by months, seasons and overall, with data acquired from 1993 to 2004. The difference between the hourly temperatures and the nocturnal means shows for some months, with enough data coverage, downward propagating structures that apparently have tidal origin. The seasonal averages show a recurrent feature with high temperatures before and low temperatures after midnight above 50 km. Some similarity is found with the GSWM model, but the observed temperature amplitudes are twice of that for the model.     

SMART STRUCTURES USING PIEZOELEMENTS FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION AND NOISE SUPPRESSION IN AVIATION AND AEROSPACE

具有减振降噪功能的压电智能结构是智能材料与结构的一个重要分支。在航空航天领域存在一些典型结构,如飞机机舱、空间站、卫星太阳能帆板和通讯天线以及直升机旋翼等,其振动与辐射噪声造成很多不利影响。为了研究这些结构的振动与噪声控制方法,制作了几个实验模型如大型薄壁复合材料圆桶、柔性梁、钢架及旋翼系统模型,通过压电传感器、驱动器布置数量和位置的优化,采用不同的控制算法,在基于个人计算机的测控平台上进行了振动控制实验,取得了明显的减振降噪效果。     

疲劳S-N曲线预测的三维断裂力学方法

根据旋转弯典圆棒疲劳断口分析,给出了裂纹几何参量及应用强度因子随裂纹扩展的变化规律,采用考虑三维应力约束效应的断裂力学理论及常幅载荷下材料的疲劳裂纹扩展da/dN-ΔK曲线,得到了独立于试件几何形状和应力比的材料da/dN-ΔKeff基准数据,结合断口分析所得的应力强度因子以及材料da/dN-Δkeff数据,以三种旋转弯曲圆棒S－N（应力－疲劳寿命）曲线进行了预测,结果表明,本文预测的疲劳S－N曲线和试验的结果较为吻合,本文的S－N曲线断裂力学预测方法对确定结构全寿命具有实际指导意义,同时也揭示了发展疲劳断裂统一理论的可行性。