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271.
R A Binot C Tamponnet C h Lasseur 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1994,14(11):71-74
The anticipated evolution of life support technologies for ESA, considering both the complementary life support system requirements and the missions' characteristics, is presented. Based on these results, promising biological life support technologies for manned space missions have been selected by ESA either for their intrinsic ability and performance in effecting specific tasks for atmosphere-, water-, waste-management versus physico-chemical alternatives and/or for longer-term application to a more ecological concept (CES) focusing ultimately on food production. Actual status and plan for terrestrial and space testing of biological life support presented focusing on the "task specific" decontamination technology of the Biological Air Filter (BAF), and on food reprocessing technologies from biodegradable wastes with the MELISSA microbial ecosystem. 相似文献
272.
R. Jager J. Heise J. J. M. in ''t Zand A. C. Brinkman 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):315-318
SAX is an Italian X-ray satellite with a Dutch contribution that will be placed in orbit in 1994. The prime scientific object of SAX is to cover an energy bandwidth that ranges from 0.1 keV up to 200 keV. Among other instruments, SAX will consist of two X-ray Wide Field Cameras built by the Space Research Organisation Netherlands at Utrecht. The WFCs are based on the coded mask principle, the reconstruction of the image takes place on ground. The field of view is 20 degrees square full width at half maximum (FWHM), the angular resolution 5 arcminutes (FWHM) and the energy band ranges from 1.8 to 30 keV with a resolution of 18% at 6 keV. The sensitive area is 200 cm2 at 6 keV. The mask pattern is based on a pseudo random array with 255 × 257 elements of 1 mm2, 50% of which are transparent. 相似文献
273.
R. L. Arnoldy L. J. Cahill Jr P. M. Kintner T. E. Moore C. J. Pollock 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1992,12(12):1-7
Data from ARCS rocket ion beam injection experiments will be primarily discussed in this paper. There are three results from this series of active experiments that are of particular interest in space plasma physics. These are the transverse acceleration of ambient ions in the large beam volume, the scattering of beam ions near the release payload, and the possible acceleration of electrons very close to the plasma generator which produce intense high frequency waves. The ability of 100 ma ion beam injections into the upper E and F regions of the ionosphere to produce these phenomena appear to be related solely to the process by which the plasma release payload and the ion beam are neutralized. Since the electrons in the plasma release do not convect with the plasma ions, the neutralization of both the payload and beam must be accomplished by large field-aligned currents (milliamperes/square meter) which are very unstable to wave growth of various modes. Future work will concentrate on the wave production and wave-particle interactions that produce the plasma/energetic particle effects discussed in this paper and which have direct application to natural phenomena in the upper ionosphere and magnetosphere. 相似文献
274.
N. Singh B. I. Vashi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1992,12(12):53-56
Collection of electrons by a long conducting cylinder in a flowing plasma is studied by means of numerical simulations. The plasma flow simulates the relative motion between a spacecraft and plasma. The sheath structures and the levels of electron current collections for the cases with and without an ambient magnetic field (
) are studied. It is found that for the flow perpendicular to the magnetic field, the current is considerably enhanced depending on the relative drift velocity. In the case of a non-zero magnetic field perpendicular to the cylinder axis, the potential structure is a two-dimensional double layer with dimensions L L|, where L and L| are the dimensions perpendicular and parallel to
, respectively. L is found to be the current limiting radius given by the Parker-Murphy model. For the flow along
, the electron current is found to be smaller than that for the flow perpendicular to
. This is explained in terms of the potential structures. 相似文献
275.
Initial ISEE magnetometer results: magnetopause observations 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
The magnetic field profiles across the magnetopause obtained by the ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft separated by only a few hundred kilometers are examined for four passes. During one of these passes the magnetosheath field was northward, during one it was slightly southward, and in two it was strongly southward. The velocity of the magnetopause is found to be highly irregular ranging from 4 to over 40 km s-1 and varying in less time than it takes for a spacecraft to cross the boundary. Thicknesses ranged from 500 to over 1000 km.Clear evidence for reconnection is found in the data when the magnetosheath field is southward. However, this evidence is not in the form of classic rotational discontinuity signatures. Rather, it is in the form of flux transfer events, in which reconnection starts and stops in a matter of minutes or less, resulting in the ripping off of flux tubes from the magnetosphere. Evidence for flux transfer events can be found both in the magnetosheath and the outer magnetosphere due to their alteration of the boundary normal. In particular, their presence at the time of magnetopause crossings invalidates the usual 2-dimensional analysis of magnetopause structure. Not only are these flux transfer events probably the dominant means of reconnection on the magnetopause, but they may also serve as an important source of magnetopause oscillations, and hence of pulsations in the outer magnetosphere. On two days the flux transfer rate was estimated to be of the order of 2 × 1012 Maxwells per second by the flux transfer events detected at ISEE. Events not detectable at ISEE and continued reconnection after passage of an FTE past ISEE could have resulted in an even greater reconnection rate at these times. 相似文献
276.
S. Mereghetti A. Tiengo P. Esposito G. Vianello A. De Luca D. Götz G. Weidenspointner A. von Kienlin G.L. Israel L. Stella N. Rea R. Turolla S. Zane 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
We describe the results obtained with Target of Opportunity observations of the galactic sources SGR 1627–41 and 1E 1547–5408. These two transients show several similarities supporting the interpretation of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters as a single class of strongly magnetized neutron stars. 相似文献
277.
P.T. Gallagher C.A. Young J.P. Byrne R.T.J. McAteer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field that can produce adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in the Heliosphere. Due to the intrinsic multiscale nature of features in coronagraph images, wavelet and multiscale image processing techniques are well suited to enhancing the visibility of CMEs and suppressing noise. However, wavelets are better suited to identifying point-like features, such as noise or background stars, than to enhancing the visibility of the curved form of a typical CME front. Higher order multiscale techniques, such as ridgelets and curvelets, were therefore explored to characterise the morphology (width, curvature) and kinematics (position, velocity, acceleration) of CMEs. Curvelets in particular were found to be well suited to characterising CME properties in a self-consistent manner. Curvelets are thus likely to be of benefit to autonomous monitoring of CME properties for space weather applications. 相似文献
278.
Mosbeh R. Kaloop Mosaruf Hussan Dookie Kim 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(11):3505-3521
This study aims at assessing the safety behavior of the Incheon long-span bridge using high rate (10?Hz) geodetic monitoring global positioning system (GPS). The time series of wavelet spectrum analysis is utilized to assess the dynamic behavior of the bridge. The coefficients and model errors of the time series autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) model are used to evaluate the movement performances of the bridge. The results show that: (i) the accuracy of GPS measurements to extract the dynamic behavior of the bridge is 97.27% when compared with the design results. (ii) the behavior of the bridge is within the safety limits of the bridge design with minimum observed changes for the historical GPS measurements in time and frequency domains, the mean deflection of bridge deck is 8.26?mm and frequency changes of bridge is 0.004?Hz compared with the design results. (iii) the time series analysis of the wavelet spectrum and ARMA model coefficients can be used to detect the significant frequency changes and study the rigidity of the bridge performance, respectively; and the both methods are found to be suitable techniques to estimate the performance changes of the GPS measurements in the time and frequency domains during the monitoring time period. 相似文献
279.
N. I. Akishev I. I. Zakirov V. A. Ivanov V. N. Paimushin M. A. Shishov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2011,54(2):115-124
The known analytical solutions of the linearized stability problems for rectangular hinged plates under the combined loading
are generalized to the similar problems for skew plates, the deformation mechanics of which is described by the equations
of the classical theory formed in the oblique Cartesian coordinates. 相似文献
280.
The basic steps of an algorithm are given for calculating the parameters of the limiting state of a helicopter main rotor
blade. To estimate the static strength, a technique of elastic constants variation is used; it is based on the limit equilibrium
theory and enables us to obtain the upper and lower bounds for the critical load simultaneously. An iterative technique is
proposed to determine the lower bound of the allowable load on the root section of the composite blade depending on the azimuthal
angle of its turn in the helicopter hovering mode. 相似文献