ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL OF A CANTILEVER BEAM USING PIEZOELECTRIC SENSORS AND ACTUATORS

讨论了利用压电片作为传感器和驱动器对悬臂梁进行主动振动控制问题，针对模态频率差距较大的系统，提出了分组建模和控制的方法。使用滤波器消除观测溢出。文中还讨论了传感器／驱动器配置问题。实验结果验证了所述方法的有效性。     

跟踪与数据中继卫星系统第二套地面终端站

在九十年代及后续的时间里,跟踪与数据中继卫星系统(TDRSS)第二套地面终端站(STGT)将为NASA天基网(SN)的用户提供高可用性指令和控制能力及更高级的服务。TDRSS这一天基网(SN)将是国际空间站和其它用户航天器及其地面支持部分的主要通信关口。STGT含有一套带备份的分布式计算机系统,对带备份的射频(RF)到基带的设备链进行组配与控制,以完成用户数据的透明传输、用户星的跟踪测轨和中继卫星(TDRS)的控制和监视。STGT与位于哥达德航天中心(GSFC)的NASA测控网控制中心(NCC)有接口,通过该接口对STGT进行自动调度和控制。STGT还备有一个TDRSS本地操控中心(TOCC2)和一套与国内通信卫星(DOMSAT)的接口设备。TOCC2用于本地监视和备份控制,接口设备用于数据分发。本文专门介绍STGT,并重点描述为用户航天器进行中继业务的各部分的配置及其监控情况。     

在温莎,有着被世界公认的最著名的学校——伊顿公学

英国温莎和上海完全是天壤之别的。温莎是一个传统的英式小镇,坐落在泰晤士河畔,离伦敦东部20英里,小卵石铺就的街道两旁坐落着小商店和餐馆,而上海是一个生机勃勃的现代化大都市,到处都是马路,商店和人。那么是什么使温莎变得特别呢?首先她是英国女王的主要住所温莎城堡的所在地,而且她有着被世界公认的最著名的学校——伊顿公学。     

The Urey instrument: an advanced in situ organic and oxidant detector for Mars exploration

The Urey organic and oxidant detector consists of a suite of instruments designed to search for several classes of organic molecules in the martian regolith and ascertain whether these compounds were produced by biotic or abiotic processes using chirality measurements. These experiments will also determine the chemical stability of organic molecules within the host regolith based on the presence and chemical reactivity of surface and atmospheric oxidants. Urey has been selected for the Pasteur payload on the European Space Agency's (ESA's) upcoming 2013 ExoMars rover mission. The diverse and effective capabilities of Urey make it an integral part of the payload and will help to achieve a large portion of the mission's primary scientific objective: "to search for signs of past and present life on Mars." This instrument is named in honor of Harold Urey for his seminal contributions to the fields of cosmochemistry and the origin of life.     

JIRAM, the image spectrometer in the near infrared on board the Juno mission to Jupiter

The Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) has been accepted by NASA for inclusion in the New Frontiers mission "Juno," which will launch in August 2011. JIRAM will explore the dynamics and the chemistry of Jupiter's auroral regions by high-contrast imaging and spectroscopy. It will also analyze jovian hot spots to determine their vertical structure and infer possible mechanisms for their formation. JIRAM will sound the jovian meteorological layer to map moist convection and determine water abundance and other constituents at depths that correspond to several bars pressure. JIRAM is equipped with a single telescope that accommodates both an infrared camera and a spectrometer to facilitate a large observational flexibility in obtaining simultaneous images in the L and M bands with the spectral radiance over the central zone of the images. Moreover, JIRAM will be able to perform spectral imaging of the planet in the 2.0-5.0 microm interval of wavelengths with a spectral resolution better than 10 nm. Instrument design, modes, and observation strategy will be optimized for operations onboard a spinning satellite in polar orbit around Jupiter. The JIRAM heritage comes from Italian-made, visual-infrared imaging spectrometers dedicated to planetary exploration, such as VIMS-V on Cassini, VIRTIS on Rosetta and Venus Express, and VIR-MS on the Dawn mission.     

DISTRIBUTED OPTIC－FIBER FORCE SENSOR BASED ON MODE COUPLING EFFECTS IN HIGH－BIREFRINGENT FIBER

ＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＥＤＯＰＴＩＣ－ＦＩＢＥＲＦＯＲＣＥＳＥＮＳＯＲＢＡＳＥＤＯＮＭＯＤＥＣＯＵＰＬＩＮＧＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＩＮＨＩＧＨ－ＢＩＲＥＦＲＩＮＧＥＮＴＦＩＢＥＲＬｕｏＦｅｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＴｅｓｔｓＭｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｓＥｎｇｉｎｅ...     

下一代通信卫星系统的先进结构和所需技术

为与其他信息传输系统竞争,下一代通信卫星将采用一些新技术,这包括多波束天线、星我处理和交换装置.讨论这些技术并通过介绍目前在研的三种卫星系统来说明这些技术的用途.首先介绍未来卫星系统的先进技术结构及其所需技术;其次是系统举例,扼要介绍美国的ACTS、日本的ETS-VI以及意大利的IT-ALSAT;最后介绍一些简单的设计方程,这些方程涉及与系统设计有关的某些关键高级参数.     

用于目标跟踪的神经网络综述

几组不同的研究者从不同的观点出发来研究目标跟踪。目标跟踪研究的演变与发展历程中的一个最重要的事件就是对目前运用于目标跟踪的算法和技术进行体系结构革命的新趋势；即神经网络的出现以及它们在非线性动态系统上的应用。已有文献证明，先进的跟踪算法的数学复杂性已经远远超过了普通数字处理器的计算能力。自从引入卡尔曼滤波器以来，几种非常有效的数学工具已经运用到了目标跟踪技术中，如，概率数据关联，相关和选通，证明推     

Photochemical synthesis of citric acid cycle intermediates based on titanium dioxide

The emergence of the citric acid cycle is one of the most remarkable occurrences with regard to understanding the origin and evolution of metabolic pathways. Although the chemical steps of the cycle are preserved intact throughout nature, diverse organisms make wide use of its chemistry, and in some cases organisms use only a selected portion of the cycle. However, the origins of this cycle would have arisen in the more primitive anaerobic organism or even back in the proto-metabolism, which likely arose spontaneously under favorable prebiotic chemical conditions. In this context, we report that UV irradiation of formamide in the presence of titanium dioxide afforded 6 of the 11 carboxylic acid intermediates of the reductive version of the citric acid cycle. Since this cycle is the central metabolic pathway of contemporary biology, this report highlights the role of photochemical processes in the origin of the metabolic apparatus.