基于变分贝叶斯的星载雷达非线性滤波

星载雷达由于其探测范围广、距离远、全天候等优点,在预警防御系统中占有十分重要的地位。然而,由于观测平台的高速运动以及摄动干扰、传感器观测非线性等问题,使得星载雷达目标高精度跟踪带来严峻挑战。针对星载雷达非线性状态估计问题,采用一种基于变分贝叶斯的非线性滤波方法,该方法通过将非线性状态估计问题转化为优化问题,通过迭代优化获得了闭环解析解。此外,针对坐标变换中俯仰角量测缺失问题,提出了一种基于先验目标高度的俯仰角估计方法。通过数值仿真,验证了所提方法较传统非线性滤波方法,如扩展卡尔曼滤波、不敏卡尔曼滤波、转换量测卡尔曼滤波,具有更好的估计精度。     

一种低轨星座高精度相位保持方法

针对大型低轨星座在轨运行的高精度构型保持问题,提出了一种基于极限环的高精度相位保持方法。首先,推导了实际轨道与参考轨道的平相位角偏差与半长轴偏差的关系；然后,建立了基于极限环的相位保持周期以及半长轴改变量计算方法；最后,基于推导的半长轴偏差与相位偏差的关系,提出了一种相位保持实施方法。考虑地球非球形和大气阻力的数值仿真表明：本文提出的相位保持方法能够在卫星定轨数据精度不高、数据采样间隔较大的情况下,实现低轨星座系统的高精度相位保持。     

一种适用于遥感图像的可逆信息隐藏算法

可逆信息隐藏技术，可用于实现遥感图像重要目标区域的无损传输。通过对现有可逆信息隐藏算法进行研究，发现现有算法的单次嵌入容量不足，且需要额外的无损二值压缩处理附加信息，无法满足遥感图像处理的有效性和实时性要求。借助给定门限对载体图像不重叠子块的平滑性进行划分，通过编码平滑子块内基准像素与其余像素之差，并结合比特替换，实现秘密信息的可逆隐藏。对于512×512像素的灰度遥感图像，单次嵌入容量可达5×105 bit以上。试验结果表明，该算法可实现单次高嵌入容量的可逆隐藏，并不需要任何额外无损二值压缩来处理辅助信息。     

The use of MODIS 250 m bands to improve the MODIS 1 km ocean color atmospheric correction algorithm in turbid water

“Clear water” is a scale-dependent concept, so it is more likely to successfully find the “clear water” from images with smaller scale than that with larger scale data. In this study, an optimal spectral relationship of moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m and 1 km resolution data at near-infrared bands (OSRLM) is constructed for converting pseudo “clear water” reflectance at 859 nm to those at 748 and 869 nm. According to scale effects, the satellite-observed pseudo “clear water” reflectance is greater than 5.18%, larger than that derived from OSRLM model. An atmospheric correction model for MODIS 1km data using pseudo “clear water” reflectance of MODIS 250 m data (ACMM) was developed for improving the performance of traditional “clear water” atmospheric correction model (CWAC). The model validation results indicate that ACMM model has a better performance than CWAC model. By comparison, the uncertainty decreases by 19.18% in the use of ACMM model over CWAC model for deriving water-leaving reflectance in Taihu Lake, China. This uncertainty is significantly reduced in water-leaving reflectance estimation due to partial removal of scale effects on “clear water”. These findings imply that satellite-derived aerosol scattering contribution at smaller scale usually has a better performance than that at larger scale.     

极低频超大型航天器姿态机动与物理试验验证

针对具有0.01 Hz极低频主模态的超大型航天器的姿态机动问题,给出利用经典的Bang-Bang轨迹规划方法、滤波轨迹规划方法和传统的相平面控制方法进行姿态机动的方案,构建了极低频超大型航天器姿态机动地面物理试验系统,对不同的姿态机动控制方法进行了试验验证.针对不同的姿态机动轨迹规划方法,采用喷气发动机或控制力矩陀螺作...     

超燃冲压发动机全流道反应流场仿真分析

采用计算流体力学方法开展了超燃冲压发动机流场二维及三维数值仿真,获得了发动机流场结构及流动细节.探讨了二维简化计算的适用性及不足.通过对发动机各部件受力的分析,得到了发动机初步性能,并就支板及凹腔的减阻设计提供了一些参考.     

Drilling load modeling and validation based on the filling rate of auger flute in planetary sampling

Some type of penetration into a subsurface is required in planetary sampling. Drilling and coring, due to its efficient penetrating and cuttings removal characteristics, has been widely applied in previous sampling missions. Given the complicated mechanical properties of a planetary regolith, suitable drilling parameters should be matched with different drilling formations properly. Otherwise, drilling faults caused by overloads could easily happen. Hence, it is necessary to estab-lish a drilling load model, which is able to reveal the relationships among drilling loads, an auger's structural parameters, soil's mechanical properties, and relevant drilling parameters. A concept for the filling rate of auger flute (FRAF) is proposed to describe drilling conditions. If the FRAF index under one group of drilling parameters is less than 1, this means that the auger flute currently removes cuttings smoothly. Otherwise, the auger will be choked with compressed cuttings. In dril-ling operations, the drilling loads on the auger mainly come from the conveyance action, while the drilling loads on the drill bit primarily come from the cutting action. Experiments in one typical lunar regolith simulant indicate that the estimated drilling loads based on the FRAF coincide with the test results quite well. Based on this drilling load model, drilling parameters have been opti-mized.     

旋翼翼型动态失速模型参数识别及应用

为了拓展Leishman-Beddoes(L-B)动态失速模型的应用范围,以适应特定翼型的动态失速分析,在详细分析L-B动态失速模型特点的基础上,提出一种模型参数的识别方法。以SC-1095翼型为例,采用其静态升阻特性数据,对L-B动态失速模型中的参数进行了识别,并据此对该翼型的动态失速升阻特性进行了数值计算,计算结果与试验值吻合良好。     

基于分枝模态法的面对称布局飞行器结构动力学建模

针对面对称布局飞行器整体模态具有对称和反对称的特征,应用分枝模态法建模时采取以对称和反对称模态划分分枝,避免了按部件划分分枝产生的约束模态问题,且分枝间实现惯性和气动力解耦,有助于减缩自由度和计算规模.数值算例表明:其建模精度满足工程要求.