The hemispheric asynchrony of polar faculae during solar cycles 19–22

We investigate the north–south (N–S) asynchrony of the polar faculae and compare it with the hemispheric asynchrony of solar activity at low latitudes. We find that, (1) both the solar activity at high and low latitudes do not synchronously occur in the northern and southern hemispheres, there is phase shifts between the two hemispheres; (2) the N–S asynchrony of the polar faculae is a function of latitudes, implying that the asynchrony of the polar faculae between the two hemispheres is related to the hemispheric asymmetry and latitudinal distribution of the polar faculae.     

Effect of pitch angle on initial stage of a transport airplane ditching

Airworthiness regulations require that the transport airplane should be proved to ensure the survivability of the ditching for the passengers. The planned ditching of a transport airplane on the calm water is numerically simulated. The effect of pitch angle on the impact characteristics is especially investigated by a subscaled model. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of unsteady compressible flow are solved and the realizable j-e equations are employed to model the turbulence. The transformation of the air-water interface is tracked by volume of fluid (VOF) model. The motion of the rigid body is modeled by dynamic mesh method. The initial ditching stage of the transport airplane is analyzed in detail. The numerical results show that as the pitching angle increases, the maximal normal force decreases and the pitching motion becomes much gentler. The aft fuselage would be sucked down by the water and lead to pitching up, whereas the low horizontal tail prevents this trend. Consequently, the transport aircraft with low horizontal tail should ditch on the water at an angle between 10 and 12 as a recommendation.     

Experimental study on effect of inclination angles to ammonia pulsating heat pipe

In this paper, a novel study on performance of closed loop pulsating heat pipe（CLPHP）using ammonia as working fluid is experimented. The tested CLPHP, consisting of six turns, is fully made of quartz glass tubes with 6 mm outer diameter and 2 mm inner diameter. The filling ratio is50%. The visualization investigation is conducted to observe the oscillation and circulation flow in the CLPHP. In order to investigate the effects of inclination angles to thermal performance in the ammonia CLPHP, four case tests are studied. The trends of temperature fluctuation and thermal resistance as the input power increases at different inclination angles are highlighted. The results show that it is very easy to start up and circulate for the ammonia CLPHP at an inclining angle.The thermal resistance is low to 0.02 K/W, presenting that heat fluxes can be transferred from heating section to cooling section very quickly. It is found that the thermal resistance decreases as the inclination angle increases. At the horizontal operation, the ammonia CLPHP can be easy to start up at low input power, but hard to circulate. In this case, once the input power is high,the capillary tube in heating section will be burnt out, leading to worse thermal performance with high thermal resistance.     

水平轴风车叶轮侧偏或上仰时的气动力计算与分析

本文将动量-叶素理论推广应用于计算水平轴风车叶轮有侧偏角或上仰角时的气动力。计算结果与实验数据比较表明:这种计算方法简单快速,并有一定的准确度。所得结果对合理设计小型水平轴风车侧偏式或上仰式限速机构很有用。     

航天器结构模型修正方法综述

评述了结构动力模型修正技术从矩阵型修正方法到元素型修正方法的发展,总结了元素型模型修正方法的主要算法,介绍了模型修正中的自由度匹配、灵敏度分析和对模型修正方法的有效性进行检验的经验标准,归纳了目前模型修正的一些关键技术问题。     

细长体双自旋卫星消旋主动章动控制动力学解耦的系统仿真

细长体双自旋卫星自旋部分的能量耗散会导致卫星章动运动的发散。利用消旋体的惯性积在动力学上的耦合作用,使消旋电机的轴向力矩通过耦合,产生横向力矩来阻尼章动,称之为消旋主动章动控制（ＤＡＮＣ）［１］。本文提出一种利用动力学解耦的仿真方案,用单轴平台进行细长体双自旋卫星消旋和章动控制的系统试验,验证了系统的可行性。     

主动引射高模试车台水喷雾冷却器的研究

论文通过对主动引射高模试车台中水喷雾冷却器原理的研究分析，在常压下用固体火箭发动机进行了系统试验研究，利用正交试验设计，安排试验方案并分析性能影响因素，得出了试验最佳方案。最后按最优方案设计出水喷雾冷却器，再次试验所测数据表明，冷却器燃气出口温度符合设计要求。该试验结果给主动引射高模试车台中水喷雾冷却器的研制提供依据。     

高超音速化学非平衡层流粘性激波层钝头细长体绕流数值计算

本文研究了高超音速化学非平衡钝头细长体绕流的计算方法,给出了耦合求解连续方程和法向动量方程的具体做法,以及在高空情况下考虑滑移边界条件后的数学处理。计算结果表明,对钝头细长体,可以将计算推进到三十倍头部半径的后身区域。     

高超声速化学平衡流辐射流场数值解

本文用数值方法研究了高超声速大钝头体绕流辐射流场。采用粘性激波层控制方程和平衡化学反应气体模型。辐射部份包括连续辐射和线辐射。采用切平板辐射输运模型解决了空间推进的问题，计算结果表明：辐射传热与飞行器再入飞行速度，高度及头部半径密切相关，在计算的条件下，当再入速度小于７．６公里／秒时，辐射传热的影响可以忽略，当再入速度为１１公里／秒左右时，辐射传热可以与对流传热相比拟。当再入速度更大时，辐射传热远     

航天器结构模型优化修正方法的研究

航天器结构设计通常利用试验数据进行模型修正，以使修正后模型接近真实结构和提高结构有限元分析预示精度，并有可能取代某些大型结构试验，如结构星试验等。这种结构设计方法既可节约研制经费，又可缩短研制周期，具有明显的经济效益和工程应用前景。本文导出了迭代IRS缩聚方法，提出了相对灵敏度概念，建立了模型修正的优化理论模型。在利用五院自编有限元软件DASS的基础上，开发了航天领域模型修正软件初版MUSS1．0。最后，通过仿真和工程实例对理论和软件进行了初步验证。