Time-frequency approaches to ISAR imaging of maneuvering targetsand their limitations

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of the noncooperative maneuvering target is a challenging task because of its time variant orientation and rotation velocity which cannot be measured accurately. This correspondence investigates the principles of ISAR imaging of maneuvering targets, and proposes an algorithm for application in situations where the maneuverability is not too severe and the Doppler variation of subechoes from scatterers can be approximated as a first-order polynomial. The imaging results obtained by using real data show the effectiveness of the new method     

C／C复合材料石墨化度的测定和评价

用Ｘ射线衍射方法对不同热处理温度下Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料石墨化度进行了测定，并对衍射峰进行了分峰处理。得出该材料由三种不同组元构成，即树脂炭，碳纤维和热解炭，求出各组元的石墨化度值及所占比例，进而得到试样的加权平均石墨化度。     

主被动复合驱动自适应指爪机构的抓取模式分析

为了满足空间在轨服务任务的多样化需求,基于主被动复合驱动思想提出一种自适应末端操作器——二指连杆欠驱动指爪机构,并对其抓取模式进行定量分析。首先,在描述指爪机构运动学关系的基础上,根据虚功原理建立机构的静力平衡方程。在此基础上,对其进行静力学分析可知,机构平衡状态下与目标物的接触力不仅取决于机构的几何尺寸,还与接触点位置有关;而机构的抓取模式取决于约束空间内系统的受力情况,因此该指爪能够根据不同形状目标物与机构接触点位置的不同,自适应地选择抓取模式,包括平行抓取、包络抓取等。最后,通过实验样机对不同形状物体进行抓取实验,验证了指爪机构抓取目标的自适应性,为后续的机构设计和控制应用奠定理论和技术基础。     

Progress in helicopter infrared signature suppression

Due to their low-attitude and relatively low-speed fight profiles, helicopters are subjected to serious threats from radio, infrared(IR), visual, and aural detection and tracking. Among these threats, infrared detection and tracking are regarded as more crucial for the survivability of helicopters. In order to meet the requirements of infrared stealth, several different types of infrared suppressor(IRS) for helicopters have been developed. This paper reviews contemporary developments in this discipline, with particular emphasis on infrared signature suppression, advances in mixer-ejectors and prediction for helicopters. In addition, several remaining challenges, such as advanced IRS, emissivity optimization technique, helicopter infrared characterization, etc., are proposed, as an initial guide and stimulation for future research. In the future, the comprehensive infrared suppression in the 3–5 lm and 8–14 lm bands will doubtfully become the emphasis of helicopter stealth. Multidisciplinary optimization of a complete infrared suppression system deserves further investigation.     

激光输能无人机的概念研究

激光输能无人机(UAV)由于飞行高度高和续航时间长等优势得到关注.从激光输能角度,基于无人机质量评估模型,建立了激光辐照功率密度和无人机输出功率以及飞行性能之间的函数关系.以Sky Sailor太阳能无人机为例,计算分析了激光输能无人机和太阳能无人机的升限和飞行包络.结果表明由于激光辐照功率密度大和光/电之间能量转化效率高,与太阳能无人机比较,可携带的有效载荷更大、升限更高、爬升和抗扰能力更强;随着激光辐照功率密度增大,即使电子设备和有效载荷的质量和功耗都增大,飞行包络很宽,同时,飞行速度增大,但实际升限有所降低.     

Novel passive localization algorithm based on double side matrix-restricted total least squares

In order to solve the bearings-only passive localization problem in the presence of erroneous observer position, a novel algorithm based on double side matrix-restricted total least squares (DSMRTLS) is proposed. First, the aforementioned passive localization problem is transferred to the DSMRTLS problem by deriving a multiplicative structure for both the observation matrix and the observation vector. Second, the corresponding optimization problem of the DSMRTLS problem without constraint is derived, which can be approximated as the generalized Rayleigh quotient minimization problem. Then, the localization solution which is globally optimal and asymptotically unbiased can be got by generalized eigenvalue decomposition. Simulation results verify the rationality of the approximation and the good performance of the proposed algorithm compared with several typical algorithms.     

Wire electrochemical machining with axial electrolyte flushing for titanium alloy

Titanium and its alloys have found very wide application in aerospace due to their excellent characteristics although their processing is still a challenge. Electrochemical machining is an important issue in the fabrication of titanium and titanium alloys. Wire electrochemical machining (WECM) is mainly used for workpiece cutting under the condition of different thickness plates. It has a great advantage over wire electro-discharge machining, which is the absence of heat-affected zone around the cutting area. Moreover, the wire electrode in WECM could be used repetitively because it is not worn out. Thus, much attention has been paid to WECM. The effective way of removing electrolysis products is of importance to WECM. In this paper, the axial electrolyte flushing is presented to WECM for removing electrolysis products and renewing electrolyte. The Taguchi experiment is conducted to optimize the machining parameters, such as wire feedrate, machining voltage, electrolyte concentration, etc. Experimental results show that WECM with axial electrolyte flushing is a promising issue in the fabrication of titanium alloy (TC1). The feasibility of multi-wire electrochemical machining is also demonstrated to improve the machining productivity of WECM.     

激光功率密度对纳秒激光烧蚀冲量耦合影响的数值模拟

为研究激光功率密度对纳秒激光烧蚀冲量耦合影响,建立了一个复杂的一维热传导和流体动力学模型。以空间碎片常见材料Al为例,用建立的物理模型数值计算了纳秒脉宽激光烧蚀产生的冲量随时间变化情况,数值结果和已有的实验数据符合较好。数值计算表明:辐照的激光功率密度越高,发生等离子体屏蔽时间越早,等离子体屏蔽越明显,能量利用率越低;随着激光功率密度的逐渐增大,获得的冲量逐渐趋于稳定,冲量耦合系数降低,数值计算结果与Phipps的最优能量耦合规律一致。      

飞机结构强度试验应急载荷限定系统

多轮多支柱起落架飞机主起落架数量较多，试验机及试验设备重量大。试验应急卸载时，试验件和设备重量、以及加载过程中试验件变形所聚集能量快速释放的不协调性易对支持点结构产生较大冲击载荷，且该载荷不可控，影响试验的考核，存在安全隐患。针对多轮多支柱起落架飞机的强度试验要求，设计一种载荷限定系统。在应急卸载或者试验停试情况下，能够为非支持点起落架输出设定载荷，保证应急瞬间所产生的所有载荷按要求分配到所有起落架上，从而防止支持点起落架超载；试验过程中，能够对非支持点起落架施加试验主动载荷。利用仿真软件验证了系统原理的可行性。依据原理设计载荷限定系统，对其结构和工作性能进行应用验证，并在某型飞机全机疲劳试验中进行应用调试，结果表明，该系统完全能够满足试验要求。