Y12F飞机局方审定飞行试验研究

审定飞行试验是局方根据TIA所确定的飞行试验科目进行的试飞,民用飞机为获得型号合格证应进行审定飞行试验。回顾了Y12F飞机的整个审定飞行试验历程,提出了审定试飞发现问题的分类方法,给出了问题类别的确认技术,分析了问题对适航规章条款符合性的影响,并研究了问题产生的原因及解决方案,最终确定了需重新进行符合性验证的相关条款。通过补充验证飞行试验表明了飞机工程更改后对适航规章条款的符合性,通过补充审定飞行试验对申请人所提交的符合性验证资料进行了核查,确认了Y12F飞机对适航规章的符合性。     

考虑局部应力效应的轮盘子午面破裂转速预测

平均应力法用于航空发动机轮盘破裂转速预测时结果一般偏大,对于带螺栓孔的轮盘破裂转速预测误差更大。考虑局部应力效应对平均应力法进行修正,引入修正因子来表征轮盘子午面平均周向应力和危险部位局部应力对轮盘破裂转速的加权影响。通过开展典型轮盘材料GH4169的光滑试样和缺口试样拉伸试验,并开展了两件模拟盘破裂转速测量试验,得到修正因子与缺口强度比的关系,然后同时采用这两种方法对某涡轮盘的破裂转速进行了预测,并开展了验证试验。试验结果表明:平均应力法预测结果偏大,误差达到了9.4%,而考虑局部应力修正后,预测值仅略低于试验值,误差仅2.67%。考虑局部应力效应的轮盘子午面破裂转速预测方法简单可靠,具有较高的工程实用价值。      

稳态自热型对流换热系数传感器研究

为解决旋转固体表面对流换热系数测试难题,设计并研发了一款基于稳态方法的自热型对流换热系数传感器。进行了管道标定实验,分别与经典经验公式以及自制的标定端进行了对比,结果发现传感器的测试存在一个稳定的比例系数,经修正后相对误差小于5%。采用数值模拟方法进一步从机理方面探究了该比例系数存在的合理性,发现在阶跃加热的情况下存在一个"热调整区",会导致对流换热的阶跃性变化,这种变化类似于"入口效应",同时这种效应不受加热段温度的影响,定性地验证了传感器测量的准确性。     

航发涡轮叶片气膜孔的磨削加工实验

针对目前航空发动机涡轮叶片气膜孔加工精度低和重熔层难去除的问题,提出了"电火花打孔、磨削扩孔"的新型气膜孔加工工艺,研制出小孔磨削专用微细CBN砂轮并对电火花气膜孔进行了磨削工艺实验。实验结果表明:经磨削加工后气膜孔圆度降低50.9%,孔径尺寸标准差降低90.7%,表面粗糙度降低65.9%,重熔层被全部去除,证明了航发涡轮叶片气膜孔磨削加工的可行性。     

基于区域分割的红外与可见光图像融合算法的研究(英文)

由于红外图像和可见光图像的成像特点不同,因此在航空监视领域红外图像和可见光图像融合有重要的研究意义。由于非下采Contourlet变换具有更好的方向性、较高的逼近精度和更好的稀疏表达性能,能有效的提取图像的特征信息。因此我们在非下采Contourlet域,以空间频率为度量标准对红外图像进行阈值分割,经过分割将红外图像和可见光图像分别划分为目标区域以及背景,随后对红外图像和可见光图像进行边缘检测从而得到边缘区域,针对三个不同区域分别选择不同的融合规则进行融合。通过两组不同灰度差异的红外与可见光图像的实验,将基于像素点,窗口策略的融合算法和本文所提出基于区域算法进行了主观和客观的对比,试验结果表明基于区域分割的红外与可见光图像融合算法不仅能有效提取出红外图像中的目标信息还能有效的保持可见光图像的所反映的光谱信息,因此本文提出的算法是一种有效且可行的图像融合算法。     

超声F扫描检测碳/环氧复合材料层合板冲击损伤—电阻变化

利用超声F扫描方法检测了经不同能量冲击后的碳/环氧复合材料层合板,并测量了复合材料冲击前后电阻.结合冲击能量、电阻变化、超声F扫描图像综合分析了冲击后碳/环氧复合材料的状况.结果表明,超声F扫描能够确定碳/环氧复合材料冲击损伤能量阈值;不同能量的冲击都会使碳/环氧复合材料的电阻发生变化,但只有大于能量阈值的冲击才会在复合材料中产生损伤;超声F扫描提高了基于电阻变化判断复合材料是否损伤的准确性.     

Near Magnetic Field Investigation,Instrumentation, Spacecraft Magnetics and Data Access

The primary objective of the investigation is the search for a body-wide magnetic field of the near Earth asteroid Eros. The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) 3-axis fluxgate magnetometer includes a sensor mounted on the high-gain antenna feed structure. The NEAR Magnetic Facility Instrument (MFI) is a joint hardware effort between GSFC and APL. The design and magnetics approach achieved by the NEAR MFI effort entailed low-cost, up-front attention to engineering solutions which did not impact the schedule. The goal of the magnetometer is reliable magnetic field measurements within 5 nT, which necessitates the use of an extensive spacecraft magnetic interference model but is achievable with the full year's orbital data set. Such a goal has been shown viable with recent in-flight calibration data and comparisons to the WIND magnetometer data. The NEAR MFI effort has succeeded in providing magnetic field measurements for the first flight in NASA's Discovery line.     

The ACE Magnetic Fields Experiment

The magnetic field experiment on ACE provides continuous measurements of the local magnetic field in the interplanetary medium. These measurements are essential in the interpretation of simultaneous ACE observations of energetic and thermal particles distributions. The experiment consists of a pair of twin, boom- mounted, triaxial fluxgate sensors which are located 165 inches (=4.19 m) from the center of the spacecraft on opposing solar panels. The electronics and digital processing unit (DPU) is mounted on the top deck of the spacecraft. The two triaxial sensors provide a balanced, fully redundant vector instrument and permit some enhanced assessment of the spacecraft's magnetic field. The instrument provides data for Browse and high-level products with between 3 and 6 vector s−1 resolution for continuous coverage of the interplanetary magnetic field. Two high-resolution snapshot buffers each hold 297 s of 24 vector s−1 data while on- board Fast Fourier Transforms extend the continuous data to 12 Hz resolution. Real-time observations with 1-s resolution are provided continuously to the Space Environmental Center (SEC) of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) for near- instantaneous, world-wide dissemination in service to space weather studies. As has been our team's tradition, high instrument reliability is obtained by the use of fully redundant systems and extremely conservative designs. We plan studies of the interplanetary medium in support of the fundamental goals of the ACE mission and cooperative studies with other ACE investigators using the combined ACE dataset as well as other ISTP spacecraft involved in the general program of Sun-Earth Connections. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

航空机载可修产品外场可靠性评估模型及其应用

航空机载复杂产品基本是可修产品 ,按其修复深度分为完全修复和基本修复 ,而实际维修中又多为基本修复。完全修复后可靠性样本可用不可修模型处理 ,而基本修复可靠性样本采用何种数学模型处理在实际工作中尚不多见。介绍了进行某型国产新机机载产品使用可靠性研究中使用的分析模型 ,重点讨论非齐次泊松过程建模与故障强度概念 ,并指出了模型应用的方法及实例 ,给出了课题评估结果。     

关于运输网络堵塞流动的研究——分支定界法在求解网络最小流上的应用（Ⅲ）

堵塞是以人为主体在运输网络中经常发生的一种现象。本文中所定义的网络最小流是指在最严重堵塞的情况下通过网络的最大流量，是设计和运行一个运输网络，特别是一个紧急疏散网络的重要参数。本文在堵塞流理论研究的基础上，提出了一种用分支定界思想来求解网络最小流问题的方法，并用实例说明了该算法过程及其应用领域