航空发动机寿命限制件工作边界系统级分析模型

针对提高航空发动机系统安全性的迫切需求,以发动机本质特征和探索性研究成果为依据,分析了寿命限制件工作边界系统级分析模型(systematic model for engine life limited parts operating boundary analysis,SMELLIPOBA)的必要属性及各属性对应的技术基础,总结了相关技术基础领域的研究进展,介绍了SMELLIPOBA的发展现状,展望了这一领域未来研究方向.得出如下结论:满足适航性设计需求的SMELLIPOBA需具备耦合性、动态性、不确定性、学科交叉、多尺度等属性,未来SMELLIPOBA的发展仍将以上述属性为主线.      

螺旋式脉冲爆震发动机实验研究

目前以碳氢燃料与空气可爆混合物的直管爆震室存在较长的爆燃向爆震转变(Deflagration to Detonation Transition,简称“DDT”)距离,从而导致发动机整机长度过长等问题.为解决此问题,采用8种螺旋构型的爆震管替代现有国内外普遍研究的直管构型的爆震管进行了一系列实验.首先对不同螺旋结构的爆震管进行冷态流阻特性实验,得出了螺旋结构参数和流阻的关系;再结合冷态实验结果,选取4种螺旋结构进行了热态爆震实验.实验结果表明,所有螺旋结构均可获得充分发展的爆震波;螺旋爆震管缓燃向爆震转变时间随螺旋中轴线曲率半径增加而减小;相对于长2.0m的直管爆震管,螺旋爆震管DDT时间缩短了0.415~0.589ms,DDT距离沿螺旋线方向缩短了0.35m,爆震管轴向长度缩短了0.78~1.28m.     

瞬态法测量高转速旋转盘表面传热系数

将实际发动机涡轮盘冷却系统简化为中心进气旋转盘,用瞬态实验的方法对该结构的换热特性进行了研究.以高转速旋转换热实验台为基础,建立了转静系盘腔中瞬态换热的实验流程和数据处理方法,得到了转盘表面的努塞尔数,并研究了流量系数、旋转雷诺数和出气间隙比对努塞尔数的影响.研究结果表明:对于中心进气冷却结构,在转盘低半径处,转盘表面的表面传热主要由冷气冲击控制,随着半径的的增大冲击对换热的影响减弱.转盘表面的努塞尔数随冷气流量系数的增大而增大,随旋转雷诺数的增大而增大,随出气间隙比的增大而减小.      

Fault diagnosis and isolation of the component and sensor for aircraft engine

Aircraft engine component and sensor fault detection and isolation approach was proposed,which included fault type detection module and component-sensor simultaneous fault isolation module. The approach can not only distinguish among sensor fault, component fault and component-sensor simultaneous fault, but also isolate and locate sensor fault and the type of engine component fault when the engine component fault and the sensor faults occur simultaneously. The double-threshold mechanism has been proposed, in which the fault diagnostic threshold changed with the sensor type and the engine condition, and it greatly improved the accuracy and robustness of sensor fault diagnosis system. Simulation results show that the approach proposed can diagnose and isolate the sensor and engine component fault with improved accuracy. It effectively improves the fault diagnosis ability of aircraft engine.      

Sensor Optimization Selection Model Based on Testability Constraint

Sensor selection and optimization is one of the important parts in design for testability. To address the problems that the traditional sensor optimization selection model does not take the requirements of prognostics and health management especially fault prognostics for testability into account and does not consider the impacts of sensor actual attributes on fault detectability, a novel sensor optimization selection model is proposed. Firstly, a universal architecture for sensor selection and optimization is provided. Secondly, a new testability index named fault predictable rate is defined to describe fault prognostics requirements for testability. Thirdly, a sensor selection and optimization model for prognostics and health management is constructed, which takes sensor cost as objective function and the defined testability indexes as constraint conditions. Due to NP-hard property of the model, a generic algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal solution. At last, a case study is presented to demonstrate the sensor selection approach for a stable tracking servo platform. The application results and comparison analysis show the proposed model and algorithm are effective and feasible. This approach can be used to select sensors for prognostics and health management of any system.     

用JAVA扩展Cult3D的交互功能

简要介绍了Web3D技术的现状和Cult3D软件的优点,通过一个实例说明JAVA在Cult3D中扩展交互功能的方法。     

固体火箭发动机纤维缠绕壳体贮存性能试验研究

通过设计、制作Ф200缩比模拟试验件,对缩比模拟试验件进行加速老化,然后对加速老化试验前后的试验件进行外气密试验、轴压破坏试验、内压爆破试验,探究复合材料壳体的贮存使用性能。     

固体火箭发动机快速升压过程的流固耦合分析

固体火箭发动机快速升压过程是一个非常典型的非稳态流固耦合问题。通过流固耦合软件MPCC I将FLUENT和ABAQUS连接,对气流流动与药柱结构完整性进行了耦合分析,确定了该过程中药柱的应力、应变情况及燃烧室的流场变化情况。仿真结果表明,在气流进入燃烧室时,可看到压力峰由前向后的传播过程,药柱随之变形,但同一时刻流场压力的最大处与药柱应变的最大处并不在同一位置。     

浅议国军标环境标准分类

国军标体系中对军用产品的环境设计、环境试验等提出了一系列的标准,本文按照产品的不同研制阶段以及不同使用环境、不同功能的军用产品,对国军标中有关于环境的部分标准进行了分类总结,以期为各方面人员了解和使用环境标准提供帮助.     

英国家庭农场的早期实践对我国的启示

英国是世界上最早兴办家庭农场的国家之一.早在16世纪英国农民就以土地租赁的方式办起了大量的家庭农场,这些早期的家庭农场在英国经济腾飞的过程中发挥了积极的作用.他山之石,可以攻玉.运用新制度经济学理论研究了英国家庭农场的早期实践,认为土地租赁经营是兴办家庭农场的基础.