Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

空气压强对激光推进器冲量耦合系数影响

设计并加工了激光推进器实验模型,以空气为推进工质,利用脉冲式CO2激光器,研究了空气压强对激光推进器冲量耦合系数影响。实验结果表明,空气压强对激光推进器性能有显著影响。在文中实验条件下,当空气压强大于6 kPa时,激光推进器冲量耦合系数随压强减小而减少较慢;当空气压强小于6 kPa时,激光推进器冲量耦合系数随压强减小而减少很快。     

非线性条件下编队卫星周期性相对运动条件

利用编队卫星机械能守恒原理，提出了非线性条件下求解编队卫星周期性相对运动条件的新方法，给出了非线性周期相对运动的初始条件。编队卫星相对距离较近时，利用非线性周期运动条件，可修正Hill方程的初始条件，抑制编队卫星的长期漂移。编队卫星相对距离较大，非线性因素不可忽略时，利用非线性周期运动条件，可找到不需消耗任何燃料的周期性相对运动轨道。最后的数值仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性。     

同轴探针对称激励矩形波导模式谱图研究

通过理论分析证明，同轴探针对称激励矩形波导时，其模式谱图中不存在引起合成场结构不对称的高次模TE20及TE01模。应用分式线性变换检测法进行了对比测试，验证了理论分析结果的正确性。对聚四氟乙烯样品，在7—16GHz频带内测量其复介电常数均有较高的测量精度。实验表明，在一定条件下，标准三公分波导工作频率可高达16GHz，如果取波导宽窄边比r=3，工作频率可达19GHz。所得结果对于微波材料宽带测量具有实用价值。     

推进剂功能组分作用机理研究——(Ⅱ)丁羟/铝粉体系

在丁羟 /铝粉组成的实验体系中 ,通过测定药浆流变性的变化 ,研究了一些功能组分在推进剂中的作用机理。结果表明 ,醇胺络合物TEA·BF3 是推进剂中铝粉的偶联剂 ,在其它功能组分存在的条件下 ,仍能竞争吸附于铝粉颗粒表面。实验发现 ,在Al/HTPB/IPDI体系药浆中 ,TEA·BF3 与MAPO间存在明显的协同效应 ,使药浆流变性能显著恶化。文中对其它一些功能组分在药浆中的作用机理也进行了分析探讨。     

基于MATLAB的现代优化算法在飞行器气动外形设计中的应用

本文发展了MATLAB语言环境下的现代优化算法，包括遗传算法、模拟退火算法和基于分支联赛选择的多目标遗传算法，并用来求解高超声速飞行器气动外形参数优化问题。所研究的气动外形为带控制舵飞行器和可变弯体飞行器。在MATLAB环境下，求解了最大化升阻比的单目标优化问题和具体有两个冲突目标（最小化铰链力矩并且最大化平均操纵效率）的多目标优化问题。实际算例表明，在快速有效的气动力分析方法辅助之下，本文所发展的MATLAB现代优化算法可以在飞行器初始设计中发挥作用。本文所提供的现代优化算法是对MATLAB优化工具箱的一个有益的扩展。     

航天飞行器防热部件烧蚀行为的数值模拟

对航天飞行器防热部件在氧－煤油发动机火焰喷吹下的烧蚀行为进行了有限元数值模拟。利用“杀死”单元的方法建立防热部件瞬态温度场的有限元模型，实现了烧蚀边界的退缩，从而完成了对烧蚀尺寸变化的定量描述。烧蚀开始于4．59s，到12s时线烧蚀量为1．47mm。计算结果与试验的实测结果一致。     

LISA — a study of the ESA cornerstone mission for observing gravitational waves

The primary objective of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is to detect and observe gravitational waves from massive black holes and galactic binaries in the frequency range 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻¹ Hz. This low-frequency range is inaccessible to ground-based interferometers because of the unshieldable background of local gravitational noise and because ground-based interferometers are limited in length to a few km. LISA is an ESA cornerstone mission and recently had a system study (Ref. 1) carried out by a consortium led by Astrium, which confirmed the basic configuration for the payload with only minor changes, and provided detailed concepts for the spacecraft and mission design. The study confirmed the need for a drag-free technology demonstration mission to develop the inertial sensors for LISA, before embarking on the build of the flight sensors. With a technology demonstration flight in 2005, it would be possible to carry out LISA as a joint ESA-NASA mission with a launch by 2010 subject to the funding programmatics. The baseline for LISA is three disc-like spacecraft each of which consist of a science module which carries the laser interferometer payload (two in each science module) and a propulsion module containing an ion drive and the hydrazine thrusters of the AOCS. The propulsion module is used for the transfer from earth escape trajectory provided by the Delta II launch to the operational orbit. Once there the propulsion module is jettisoned to reduce disturbances on the payload. Detailed analysis of thermal and gravitational disturbances, a model of the drag-free control and of the interferometer operation confirm that the strain sensitivity of the interferometer will be achieved.     

ZN3火箭姿态测量用太阳角计

本文给出了用于ＺＮ３火箭姿态测量太阳角计的原理和测量结果，讨论了背景抑制和标定方法，分析了误差来源。该仪器采用选取适当探测波段和比值测量方法较好地消除了地外太阳辐照和大气消光的影响，也有效地抑制了背景辐射的干扰，大大提高了测量精度。实测结果表明，火箭姿态角测量的均方根误差约为０．７°。这一方法适用于各种自旋稳定飞行器的姿态测量。     

按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统

本文提出了一个按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统的方法。它能使系统具有满意的动态品质,同时对系统参数的变化及非线性产生的影响具有较强的鲁棒性。该设计方法具有通用性和程序化,系统实现简单。