Optimum parameter matching obtained by experiments for coring drilling into lunar simulant

This paper performs a series of ground experiments (on the Earth) to obtain optimum parameter matching for a future core drill on the Moon. Three common stages, I, II, III, are recognized with respect to the cut per revolution (CPR), which is defined as the ratio between the feeding speed and the rotating speed. The optimum matching between the feeding speed and the rotating speed for drills locates at the boundary position between Stage II and Stage III, where the coring rate saturates and the weight on the bit and the driving torque are still low. Further data analysis of the ground experiments reveals that the optimum matching signifies a proportional relation between the maximum conveying rate (MCR) by the groove of the auger and its rotating speed. The kinetic analysis in an ideal condition without gravity, the friction from the auger groove and the pressure at the bit confirm a similar proportion. The correlation between the proportions needs further study to determine whether the optimum matching obtained on the ground can be directly applied to future drills on the Moon.     

亚跨超CFD软件平台研制

亚跨ＣＦＤ软件平台研制的宗旨是综合国内外计算流体动力学的最新研究成果，用计算机软件技术的新发展，建立一个面向对象的计算流体动力学的研究开发环境，加快计算流体动力学最新成果向工程应用的转换速度。本文介绍初级版本的研究进展和研究成果，主要匝数值网格生成技术，流场解算器，面向对象的界面设计等三部分组成。     

The Voyager mission Photopolarimeter Experiment

The Voyager Photopolarimeter Experiment is designed to determine the physical properties of particulate matter in the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, and the Rings of Saturn by measuring the intensity and linear polarization of scattered sunlight at eight wavelengths in the 2350–7500 Å region of the spectrum. The experiment will also provide information on the texture and probable composition of the surfaces of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn and the properties of the sodium cloud around Io. During the planetary encounters a search for optical evidence of electrical discharges (lightning) and auroral activity will also be conducted.     

基于集成学习模型的飞行学员认知负荷研究

在飞行过程中,飞行员需要在短时间内接收大量信息,并做出正确的判断与决策,而过高的认知负荷会影响其感知、判断、决策等认知过程,进而影响飞行安全。首先通过飞行模拟实验获取飞行学员在执行不同飞行任务时的生理数据;然后通过时域、频域分析等方法提取呼吸和心电信号的特征,并通过统计学方法筛选出能够反映认知负荷水平的指标;最后结合支持向量机、K 最邻近、人工神经网络等方法建立集成学习模型,对飞行学员的认知负荷进行评估,并与单一算法进行对比。结果表明：本文建立的集成学习模型具有较高的准确率,能够更好地反映飞行学员认知负荷水平。     

复合固体推进剂过渡相(中间相)力学模型

在总结归纳复合固体推进剂力学性能研究的基础上,吸取键合剂作用模型的优点,结合新近提出的网络与形态结构理论,并引入颗粒充填复合材料中的成熟理论,提出了一个描述复合固体推进剂力学性能的过渡相（中间相）模型。通过力学,数学推导建立了复合固体推进剂的结构因素与力学性能表征参数（σ,ε）的定性关系,这与验证主前人的结果基本一致,其中提出的关于过渡相模量与基体模量匹配的调节方法,为进一步提高复合固体推进剂的力     

载人航天中高温应急的医学对策

载人航天中高温应急事件发生概率较高,应予以充分重视。首先应该克服某些消极认识和不适做法,并指出高温负荷对工效的影响,可转而续发其它事故或未能完成预定飞行计划等问题。文中根据航天实际,提出了若干与高温耐力有关的选训措施和设想,侧重论述了最大氧摄取量（ＶＯ２ｍａｘ）与耐热能力的关系。认为可以采用心功能适应指数与ＶＯ２ｍａｘ的测定作为指标,选拔潜在耐热能力较高的航天员,并在此基础上安排某些体能训练,进一步提高耐热能力,达到在万一发生情况时避免发生事故,圆满完成任务的目的。     

柱状弹丸撞击防护屏形成碎片云材料状态特性研究

微流星体及空间碎片的高速撞击威胁着长寿命、大尺寸航天器的安全运行，导致其严重的损伤和灾难性的失效。为精确估计微流星体及空间碎片高速撞击防护屏所产生碎片云对舱壁的损伤，必须确定碎片云中三种状态材料的特性，建立了碎片云特性分析模型，分别计算了柱状弹丸撞击防护屏所产生碎片云以及碎片云中弹丸和防护屏材料三种状态物质的质量分布。通过计算分析可见，弹丸以不同速度撞击防护屏所产生碎片云三种状态物质的质量分布是不同的，速度增大，液化和气化增强，对靶件的损伤小。而在速度小于7km/s时，碎片云以固体碎片的形式存在，对靶件的损伤大。     

基于多级维纳滤波器的树型WSN分布式线性约束最小方差波束形成方法

为减少树型无线传感器网络(Wireless sensor network,WSN)中分布式线性约束最小方差(Linearly constrained minimum variance,LCMV)波束形成器的计算量,将多级分解技术用于WSN分布式波束形成技术中,提出基于多级维纳滤波器(Multistage Wiener filter,MSWF)的分布式LCMV波束形成器方法。该方法通过有效引入MSWF技术避免本地协方差矩阵估计及求逆运算,能以更少的计算量获得分布式LCMV波束形成器相同的输出性能,说明新方法继承了MSWF和分布式LCMV波束形成器的优点。计算机仿真结果验证了算法的优良性能。     

Global Hybrid Simulation of Magnetic Reconnection in the Magnetosheath

A three-dimensional (3-D) global hybrid simulation is carried out for the generation and structure of magnetic reconnection in the magnetosheath due to interaction of an interplanetary Tangential Discontinuity (TD) with the bow shock and magnetosphere. Runs are performed for solar wind TDs possessing different initial half-widths. As the TD propagates through the bow shock toward the magnetopause, it is greatly narrowed by a two-step compression processes, a "shock compression' followed by a subsequent ``convective compression'. In cases with a relatively thin solar wind TD, 3-D patchy reconnection is initiated in the transmitted TD, forming magnetosheath flux ropes. Multiple components of ion particles are present in the velocity distribution in the magnetosheath merging, accompanied by ion heating. For cases with a relatively wide initial TD, a dominant single X-line appears in the subsolar magnetosheath after the transmitted TD is narrowed. A shock analysis is performed for the detailed structure of magnetic reconnection in the magnetosheath. Rotational Discontinuity (RD)/Time-Dependent Intermediate Shock (TDIS) are found to dominate the reconnection layer, which and some weak slow shocks are responsible for the ion heating and acceleration.      

基于源项辨识的飞机座舱污染浓度动态预测

随着大型民机飞行时间的延长,座舱空气污染事故发生概率也随之增大,快速准确的污染浓度预测对保证乘客生命安全具有重要意义.座舱各污染浓度的动态预测和污染源项强度辨识是实现座舱空气质量实时预测的关键技术.污染源项散发强度辨识,如采用最小二乘算法,参数估计是静态的,一般延迟较大;如采用单模卡尔曼滤波算法,虽能实现动态辨识,但不能同时兼顾稳态和过渡过程(突发污染)的参数估计性能,导致误差较大.为解决上述难题,本文提出基于源项辨识的飞机座舱污染浓度动态预测方法,同时完成污染源散发强度动态辨识和污染浓度状态实时预测.该算法由2个滤波器组成,分别用于匹配系统的稳态和突发过渡过程特征,提高浓度方程参数估计和状态预测性能,保证飞机座舱空气质量态势预测的快速性和准确性.仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性.