Fractal Structure of the Heliospheric Plasma Sheet at the Earth''''s Orbit

An analysis of the data from the Wind and IMP-8 spacecraft revealed that a slow solar wind, flowing in the heliospheric plasma sheet, represents a set of magnetic tubes with plasma of increased density (N > 10cm-3 at the Earth's orbit). They have a fine structure at several spatial scales (fractality), from 2°-3°(at the Earth's orbit, it is equivalent to 3.6-5.4h, or (5.4-8.0)×106km) to the minimum about 0.025°, i.e. the angular size of the nested tubes is changed nearly by two orders of magnitude. The magnetic tubes at each observed spatial scale are diamagnetic, i.e. their surface sustains a flow of diamagnetic (or drift) current that decreases the magnetic field within the tube itself and increases it outside the tube. Furthermore, the value of β= 8π[N(Te + Tp)]/B2 within the tube exceeds the value of βoutside the tube. In many cases total pressure P = N(Te + Tp) + B2/8πis almost constant within and outside the tubes at any one of the aforementioned scales.     

The Physical Foundation of Forecasting Disturbances in the Geospace From Solar Disk Characteristics

The five main types of antisunward propagating energetic fluxes (particles and emission) may be thought of as well established to date, the effects of which lead to a particilar character of disturbance in the near-terrestrial environment (the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere). The strongest global restructuring of the magnetosphere and ionosphere is caused by fluxes of relatively dense n of 1-70 cm-3 at the Earth's orbit) Solar Wind (SW) quasi-neutral, low-energy (E ＜ 10 keV) plasma which cause magnetospheric and ionospheric storms lasting 24 hours or longer. For that reason, main attention is given to their study at the initial stage of research. The physical essence of the method of predicting disturbances in the near-terrestrial space environment, the amplitude of which can be expressed in, for example, the Kp index units, involves:(1) identifying all the most geo-effective SW streams of type, (2) determing their sources on the solar disk,and (3) quantifying the correlations between the characteristics of their solar sources with a maximum value of the Kp-index that is caused by the concerned type of SW stream. Semi-phenomenological relations have been obtained, which relate parameters of type SW stream sources to characteristics of geomagnetic storms:storm commencement, the time at which the storm intensity reaches its maximum values, the storm duration,as well as to the storm amplitude expressed in terms of geomagnetic indeces.     

Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Solar Wind, Foreshock and Magnetosheath： Cluster Data Analysis

46 magnetosheath crossing events from the two years (2001.2-2003.1) of Cluster magnetic field measurements are identified and used to investigate the characters of the magnetic field fluctuations in the regions of undisturbed solar wind, foreshock, magnetosheath. The preliminary results indicate the properties of the plasma turbulence in the magnetosheath are strongly controlled by IMF orientation with respect to the bow shock normal. The amplitude of the magnetic field magnitude and direction variations behind quasi-parallel bow shock are larger than those behind quasi-perpendicular bow shock. Almost purely compressional waves are found in quasi-perpendicular magnetosheath.     

Study of the Enhancement Events of Relativistic Electron at the Geosynchronous Orbit

The high flux of energetic electron on geostationary orbit can induce many kinds of malfunction of the satellite there, within which the bulk-charging is the most significant that several broadcast satellite failures were confirmed to be due to this effect. The electron flux on geostationary orbit varies in a large range even up to three orders accompanied the passage of interplanetary magnetic cloud and the following geomagnetic disturbances. Upon the investigation of electron flux enhancement events, two types of events were partitioned as recurrent events and random ones. Both of the two kinds of events relate to the interplanetary conditions such as solar wind parameters, IMF etc and their evolution characters as well. As for the recurrent events, we found that, (1) all of the events exhibits periodic recurrence about 27 days, (2) significant increase of electron flux relates to interplanetary index and characters of their distribution, (3) the electron flux also has relation to solar activity index. An artificial neural network was constructed to estimate the flux I day ahead. The random electron flux enhancement events are rare and present different distribution figures to the recurrent ones. The figure of the random events and the conditions of their occurrence is also discussed in this paper.     

Ionospheric Effects of Geomagnetic Storms in Different Longitude Sectors

This paper analyzes the state of the ionosphere during two geomagnetic storms of a different intensity evolving in different sectors of local time in different seasons. There were used the data from a network of ionospheric stations located in the opposite longitudinal sectors of 80°-150° E and 250°-310° E.This analysis has permitted us to conclude that the detected differences in the variations of the disturbances are likely to be determined by the local time difference of the geomagnetic storm development, its intensity and by the different illumination conditions of the ionosphere.     

带颗粒型金属橡胶夹层阻尼结构的振动响应研究

针对冲压发动机中高温板壳结构的振动抑制需求,提出新型颗粒金属橡胶夹层阻尼结构,基于模态应变能法建立了其动力学理论模型和数值求解方法。与试验结果对比表明,共振幅值的相对误差不大于20%。进一步采用理论分析与试验相结合的手段,论述了颗粒型金属橡胶夹层阻尼的有效性,可有效降低振动响应3~8倍;随着填充密度的增加,减振效果增加;对于一弯和二弯振动,下部填充减振效果最好,而在下部填充,振动响应会被放大;依据数值计算获得的应变能分布结果,进行夹层设计可达到良好的减振效果。     

两级入轨运载器RBCC动力系统内流道设计与性能计算

针对以火箭基组合循环(RBCC)发动机作为水平起飞两级入轨(TSTO)运载器第一级动力系统的方案,建立了进气道-燃烧室-尾喷管一体化流道耦合性能快速计算模型,初步设计了RBCC发动机一体化内流道。RBCC发动机使用变结构进气道,采用支板/凹腔相结合实现火焰稳定的燃烧室以及单侧膨胀尾喷管;应用经过校验的性能分析模型进行RBCC燃烧室性能快速计算;对比分析了性能分析模型与三维数值计算获得的发动机出口状态参数对于飞行器后体流场的影响性;完成了RBCC为动力的两级入轨方案飞行器动力系统的性能分析与计算;分析评估了飞行弹道条件下RBCC推进系统的性能。计算结果表明:飞行器起飞质量280t时,可以完成运送4t载荷进入近地轨道的任务。     

激光核聚变啁啾脉冲放大调整装置动态性能实验研究

大口径光栅是激光核聚变啁啾脉冲放大装置的核心元件,拼接方式是获得大口径光栅的有效途径。本文提出一种宏/微结合的并联驱动式光栅拼接装置和有轴式旋转调整装置,角度调整精度可以达到0.2μrad,平动调整精度可以达到10nm。采用有限元方法对啁啾脉冲放大装置的动态特性进行分析,并使用动态信号分析仪对装置的动态特性进行测量,结果表明放大装置的一阶固有频率可达30Hz。     

亚燃模态下释热分布对发动机性能的影响

为揭示释热分布对亚燃模态下超燃发动机性能的影响规律,对马赫数2.0,总温1100K,总压1.0MPa的来流,完成了燃烧室直连式实验和数值模拟研究。针对上游释热和下游释热条件,对比了发动机壁面压力分布,分析了内流道一维质量加权马赫数,获得了发动机部件和总体性能数据。结果表明,在总当量比相同情况下,上游释热能够获得更好的发动机性能,没有尾喷管时比下游释热获得的推力高出约18%,但在有尾喷管时只相差2.6%;对于本文构型,燃烧室和尾喷管是发动机推力的主要来源,两种释热分布下,二者产生的推力超过了发动机总推力的90%;但对于更高总当量比,上游释热可能会导致进气道不启动,需要增加下游释热获得更高的发动机性能。     

基础振动对转子系统动力特性影响的试验研究

为了满足航空发动机转子系统的动力学设计需求,采用试验方法研究基础的振动幅值和振动频率对转子系统横向振动的影响。结果表明,基础振动对转子动力特性的影响具有方向正交性,基础的水平振动仅影响转子的水平振动响应。转子与基础产生振动耦合,其轴心轨迹的形状和大小受基础振动幅值和频率共同影响,转子振动幅值随基础振幅增加而线性增加,随频率的增加呈二次函数增长,振幅比最大可以达到4。由于基础过大的振幅或频率会带来轴心轨迹的复杂变化,导致振动响应过大,在航空发动机的转子动力特性设计中,必须考虑和有效控制基础的振动幅值和频率,以降低转子系统的振动响应。