硼粉热特性研究

为了研究硼粒子在不同气氛下热特性,采用TGA/DSC和高压DSC对晶体硼粉和无定形硼粉两种形态,在纯氮、纯氧、空气以及氧氮混合(1∶1)气氛和3种压强下进行热分析实验;利用Kissinger法和Ozawa法计算得到无定形硼在空气气氛下的动力学参数.试验结果表明,纯氮气氛下,无定形硼与氮气会发生反应,其反应速度缓慢,放热量小.无定形硼比晶体硼的氧化反应初始温度低,氧化反应更快且更完全.不同氧气浓度条件下,随着氧气浓度的提高,无定形硼反应起始温度提前,反应速率加快,反应更彻底.增加氧气压强,可降低初始反应温度,加快反应速率,提高反应放热量.最终计算得到无定形硼在空气气氛下的活化能E、指前因子A和反应速率常数K.     

高压氢氧火箭发动机推力室燃烧稳定性分析

针对高压氢氧火箭发动机推力室不设置隔板喷嘴和声腔的结构方案,利用火焰传递函数+低阶声学模型的解耦预测仿真方法,分析了不同喷注参数和结构参数下燃烧室的燃烧稳定性裕度。采用非定常雷诺平均NS方程(URANS)计算同轴直流喷嘴非稳态燃烧过程以获取火焰传递函数,其中采用Soave Redlich Kwong(SRK)状态方程计算密度等物性参数;考虑到同轴直流喷嘴的火焰长度与声波量级相当,采用分布式火焰结构进行火焰传递函数建模。采用商业软件COMSOL计算加载了火焰传递函数的燃烧室声学模态,使用模态增长率为评定标准,预测燃烧不稳定性。结果表明,给定不同燃气/氧喷注速度比、混合比、相对喷嘴压降、缩进深度比、富氢燃气喷前温度等各工况下,预测得到的燃烧室均未出现燃烧不稳定现象。在推力室设计中通过增加燃气/氧喷注速度比或降低燃烧室混合比,有利于提升燃烧稳定性裕度。所做工作为高压氢氧火箭发动机喷注器设计及燃烧稳定性裕度评估提供参考。     

虚拟电子工作台在电子技术实验教学中的应用

虚拟电子工作台（简称EWB）在电子技术实验教学中的应用是现代教育发展的一种趋势,文章介绍了EWB的主要性能和特点,以及电子技术虚拟实验的基本方法和Multisim 8的仿真实例,体现了EWB在电子技术实验中具有明显的优势。在传统教学实践的基础上利用虚拟电子工作台（EWB）仿真电子实验教学,是传统电子技术实验的补充和发展。     

基于MC145152的VOR地面信标模仿仪频率合成器的设计与实现

提出了VOR地面信标模仿仪对频率合成器的要求,介绍了集成锁相环芯片MC145152的工作特性,验证了基于MC145152的PLL频率合成器在VOR地面信标模仿仪中的设计与实现的有效性。测试结果证明设计的合理性与实用性,系统频率稳定度优于10-7。     

EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGY-STABLE CRITICAL SIZE OF KNbO3 CRYSTALS

Skeletal form of KNbO3 crystals growing in Li2B4O7 solvent was in-situ observed at 900°C and it was found that shallow depression started to develop on the surface of KNbO3 crystals when the crystal size exceeded several micron, typically 7 micron.Based on the quantitative criterion derived by Chernov, the estimated critical size of KNbO3 crystals was 1 micron, which was consistent with the experimental measure ment. The kinetic coefficients, kcorner and kcr, in the criterion were experimentally obtained in the diffusive-convective and diffusive-advective flow states respectively.     

THE CONVECTIVE EFFECT ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL INSTABILITY OF KNbO3 CRYSTALS

Experimentally, it was observed that there were various morphologies of KNbO3 crystals in different regions of the melt of Li2B4O7 and KNbO3 mixture in Pt loop heater. Dendrites grew in the central area of the melt, the diffusive-advective region,in which the temperature gradient is negligible; whereas crystals with smooth sur face were observed in the marginal area, the diffusive-convective region, with large temperature gradient. Based on the solute concentration over the KNbO3 crystal surface examined by electronic probe analysis, it was proved that the combinative effect of buoyancy and surface tension convection induced by temperature gradient enhanced the homogeneity of the solute concentration around KNbO3 crystals and thus their morphological stability.     

含面芯脱粘边缘闭合蜂窝壁板压缩稳定性研究

基于有限元软件ABAQUS,分别建立了无损伤和含板芯脱粘缺陷的边缘闭合蜂窝壁板的三维有限元模型。利用3种建模方法对比研究了边缘闭合蜂窝壁板在压缩载荷作用下的屈曲载荷规律和失稳模式。采用夹芯板理论将蜂窝芯等效为正交各向异性结构,板芯之间的胶层使用cohesive单元进行模拟。研究结果表明:随着脱粘尺寸的增加,蜂窝壁板的屈曲载荷呈现下降趋势;当30 mm≤D≤80 mm时结构由混合屈曲过渡到局部屈曲;两种等效模型发生局部屈曲后,无论是结构的屈曲载荷规律和屈曲载荷值还是失稳模式,均近似接近原始模型结果。     

Effect of drag reducing riblet surface on coherent structure in turbulent boundary layer

The characteristics of turbulent boundary layer over streamwise aligned drag reducing riblet surface under zero-pressure gradient are investigated using particle image velocimetry. The formation and distribution of large-scale coherent structures and their effect on momentum partition are analyzed using two-point correlation and probability density function. Compared with smooth surface, the streamwise riblets reduce the friction velocity and Reynolds stress in the turbulent boundary layer, indicating the drag reduction effect. Strong correlation has been found between the occurrence of hairpin vortices and the momentum distribution. The number and streamwise length scale of hairpin vortices decrease over streamwise riblet surface. The correlation between number of uniform momentum zones and Reynolds number remains the same as smooth surface.     

MTPS金属蜂窝夹芯结构尺寸效应的数值分析

金属蜂窝夹心结构是可重复使用金属热防护系统的主要子结构,优化其结构参数,是提高设计质量的重要环节。根据修正Gibson公式与最小势能、余能原理推导出蜂窝夹芯层的9个等效弹性参数。考虑金属蜂窝夹心结构总质量与沿厚度方向的挠度值多指标要求,采用有限元正交数值迭代模拟方法,对结构的尺寸效应进行分析,并优选出良好的结构参数。分析结果表明：影响最大的结构参数依次为金属蜂窝的高度、蜂窝的壁厚、面板厚度及蜂窝内切圆直径。