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611.
G. Uma P.S. Brahmanandam V.K.D. Srinivasu D.S.V.V.D. Prasad P.V.S. Rama Rao 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(7):1736-1743
In this research, it is presented the daytime amplitude scintillations recorded at VHF frequency (244 MHz) at an Indian low-latitude station, Waltair (17.7°N, 83.3°E) during seven continuous years (1997–2003). Contrary to the nighttime scintillation seasonal trends, the occurrence of daytime scintillations maximizes during summer followed by winter and the equinox seasons. The fade depths, scintillation indices and the patch durations of daytime scintillations are meager when compared with their nighttime counterparts. A co-located digital high frequency (HF) ionosonde radar confirms the presence of sporadic (Es) layers when daytime scintillations are observed. The presence of daytime scintillations is evident when the critical frequency of the Es-layer (foEs) is ≥4 MHz and Es-layers are characterized by a highly diffuse range spread Es echoes as can be seen on ionograms. It is surmised that the gradient drift instability (GDI) seems to be the possible mechanism for the generation of these daytime scintillations. It is quite likely that the spread Es-F-layer coupling is done through polarization electric fields (Ep) that develop inside the destabilized patches of sporadic E layers, which are mapped up to the F region along the field lines as to initiate the daytime scintillations through the GDI mechanism. Further, the presence of additional stratification of ionosphere F-layer, popularly known as the F3-layer, is observed on ionograms once the Es-layers and daytime scintillations are ceased. 相似文献
612.
R. A. Masterson M. Chodas L. Bayley B. Allen J. Hong P. Biswas C. McMenamin K. Stout E. Bokhour H. Bralower D. Carte S. Chen M. Jones S. Kissel F. Schmidt M. Smith G. Sondecker L. F. Lim D. S. Lauretta J. E. Grindlay R. P. Binzel 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(1):48
The Regolith X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (REXIS) is the student collaboration experiment proposed and built by an MIT-Harvard team, launched aboard NASA’s OSIRIS-REx asteroid sample return mission. REXIS complements the scientific investigations of other OSIRIS-REx instruments by determining the relative abundances of key elements present on the asteroid’s surface by measuring the X-ray fluorescence spectrum (stimulated by the natural solar X-ray flux) over the range of energies 0.5 to 7 keV. REXIS consists of two components: a main imaging spectrometer with a coded aperture mask and a separate solar X-ray monitor to account for the Sun’s variability. In addition to element abundance ratios (relative to Si) pinpointing the asteroid’s most likely meteorite association, REXIS also maps elemental abundance variability across the asteroid’s surface using the asteroid’s rotation as well as the spacecraft’s orbital motion. Image reconstruction at the highest resolution is facilitated by the coded aperture mask. Through this operation, REXIS will be the first application of X-ray coded aperture imaging to planetary surface mapping, making this student-built instrument a pathfinder toward future planetary exploration. To date, 60 students at the undergraduate and graduate levels have been involved with the REXIS project, with the hands-on experience translating to a dozen Master’s and Ph.D. theses and other student publications. 相似文献
613.
G. P. Anshakov A. I. Belousov A. V. Sedel’nikov A. S. Gorozhankina 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2018,61(3):347-354
The influence of various control systems of the orbital motion of a technological spacecraft on the level of microacceleration of its internal environment is simulated. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of control systems with different actuators for realization of certain gravitationally sensitive processes onboard a spacecraft. 相似文献
614.
V. A. Sadovnichii M. I. Panasyuk V. M. Lipunov A. V. Bogomolov V. V. Bogomolov G. K. Garipov E. S. Gorbovskoy D. S. Zimnukhov A. F. Iyudin M. A. Kaznacheeva V. V. Kalegaev P. A. Klimov A. S. Kovtukh V. G. Kornilov N. V. Kuznetsov I. A. Maksimov S. K. Mit V. I. Osedlo V. L. Petrov M. V. Podzolko E. P. Popova A. Yu. Poroykov I. A. Rubinstein K. Yu. Saleev S. I. Svertilov V. I. Tulupov B. A. Khrenov V. V. Chazov A. S. Chepurnov Ya. A. Shtunder A. N. Shustova I. V. Yashin 《Cosmic Research》2018,56(6):488-497
615.
Yu. M. Ignatkin P. V. Makeev V. I. Shaidakov A. I. Shomov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2018,61(3):396-403
The research is conducted of aerodynamic performance of the Mi-8 helicopter main rotor in the hover state and the vertical descent state, including vortex ring states (VRSs). Total and distributed aerodynamic performance, wake patterns, and main rotor flow patterns are calculated. The findings and results were compared with those provided by other researchers. 相似文献
616.
A. V. Streltsov J.-J. Berthelier A. A. Chernyshov V. L. Frolov F. Honary M. J. Kosch R. P. McCoy E. V. Mishin M. T. Rietveld 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(8):118
Active ionospheric experiments using high-power, high-frequency transmitters, “heaters”, to study plasma processes in the ionosphere and magnetosphere continue to provide new insights into understanding plasma and geophysical proceses. This review describes the heating facilities, past and present, and discusses scientific results from these facilities and associated space missions. Phenomena that have been observed with these facilities are reviewed along with theoretical explanations that have been proposed or are commonly accepted. Gaps or uncertainties in understanding of heating-initiated phenomena are discussed together with proposed science questions to be addressed in the future. Suggestions for improvements and additions to existing facilities are presented including important satellite missions which are necessary to answer the outstanding questions in this field. 相似文献
617.
David P. O’Brien Andre Izidoro Seth A. Jacobson Sean N. Raymond David C. Rubie 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(1):47
The planetary building blocks that formed in the terrestrial planet region were likely very dry, yet water is comparatively abundant on Earth. Here we review the various mechanisms proposed for the origin of water on the terrestrial planets. Various in-situ mechanisms have been suggested, which allow for the incorporation of water into the local planetesimals in the terrestrial planet region or into the planets themselves from local sources, although all of those mechanisms have difficulties. Comets have also been proposed as a source, although there may be problems fitting isotopic constraints, and the delivery efficiency is very low, such that it may be difficult to deliver even a single Earth ocean of water this way. The most promising route for water delivery is the accretion of material from beyond the snow line, similar to carbonaceous chondrites, that is scattered into the terrestrial planet region as the planets are growing. Two main scenarios are discussed in detail. First is the classical scenario in which the giant planets begin roughly in their final locations and the disk of planetesimals and embryos in the terrestrial planet region extends all the way into the outer asteroid belt region. Second is the Grand Tack scenario, where early inward and outward migration of the giant planets implants material from beyond the snow line into the asteroid belt and terrestrial planet region, where it can be accreted by the growing planets. Sufficient water is delivered to the terrestrial planets in both scenarios. While the Grand Tack scenario provides a better fit to most constraints, namely the small mass of Mars, planets may form too fast in the nominal case discussed here. This discrepancy may be reduced as a wider range of initial conditions is explored. Finally, we discuss several more recent models that may have important implications for water delivery to the terrestrial planets. 相似文献
618.
Mohamed Khalil Ben-Larbi Kattia Flores Pozo Tom Haylok Mirue Choi Benjamin Grzesik Andreas Haas Dominik Krupke Harald Konstanski Volker Schaus Sándor P. Fekete Christian Schurig Enrico Stoll 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(11):3598-3619
619.
620.
F. Di Capua L. Campajola P. Casolaro M. Campajola A. Aloisio A. Lucaroni G. Furano A. Menicucci S. Di Mascio F. Malatesta M. Ottavi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(10):3249-3257
A new methodology for Total Ionizing Dose (TID) tests is proposed. It is based on the employment of an on-chip 90Sr/90Y beta source as alternative to standard methods such as 60Co gamma rays and electrons from LINAC. The use of a compact beta source for TID tests has several advantages. In particular, the irradiation of devices with more than one radiation source results in a better representation of the complex space radiation environment composed of several types, energies and dose-rates. In addition, the use of an easy handling beta source allows the irradiation of electronic devices without any damage to other auxiliary circuit. In this work, 90Sr/90Y beta source dosimetry and related radiation field characteristics are discussed in depth.In order to validate the proposed source for TID tests, a rather complex device such as the “SPC56EL70L5” microcontroller from ST-Microelectronics was exposed to 90Sr/90Y beta rays. The results of this test were compared to that of a previous test of another sample from the same lot with a standard gamma 60Co source. The electronic performances following the two irradiations have been found to be in excellent agreement, by demonstrating therefore the validity of the proposed beta source for TID tests. 相似文献