在特定条件下的激波风洞中的压力测量

1.引言激波风洞实质上是由与轴线垂直安装的气密膜片分两部分的刚性圆筒组成,膜片两边各加以不同的压力。当膜片被爆破时,由于激波传入低压部分(被驱动段)稀疏波传入高压部分(驱动段),而使压力渐趋相等。如果管子有恒定的截面。激波强度不随距离而衰减。在激波后面的一定区域内,压力和质点速度也不变。正是由于激波风洞能提供可控制的激波和气流,使它在很多的研究工作中,成为很宝贵     

Training astronauts using three-dimensional visualisations of the International Space Station

Recent advances in personal computer technology have led to the development of relatively low-cost software to generate high-resolution three-dimensional images. The capability both to rotate and zoom in on these images superposed on appropriate background images enables high-quality movies to be created. These developments have been used to produce realistic simulations of the International Space Station on CD-ROM. This product is described and its potentialities demonstrated. With successive launches, the ISS is gradually built up, and visualised over a rotating Earth against the star background. It is anticipated that this product's capability will be useful when training astronauts to carry out EVAs around the ISS. Simulations inside the ISS are also very realistic. These should prove invaluable when familiarising the ISS crew with their future workplace and home. Operating procedures can be taught and perfected. "What if" scenario models can be explored and this facility should be useful when training the crew to deal with emergency situations which might arise. This CD-ROM product will also be used to make the general public more aware of, and hence enthusiastic about, the International Space Station programme.     

先进焊接技术在航空航天领域中的应用

先进飞机的研制与生产对焊接技术的发展具有强大的推动作用,在解决航空制造技术关键问题时,焊接的优势越来越明显,如减轻结构重量、提高结构性能等,焊接技术已由原来的辅助制造工艺演变成为飞机制造中的关键技术;另一方面,焊接技术自身的发展和完善,也为新型先进飞机的结构设计和制造提供了技术保证。     

A facility for long-term Mars simulation experiments: the Mars Environmental Simulation Chamber (MESCH)

We describe the design, construction, and pilot operation of a Mars simulation facility comprised of a cryogenic environmental chamber, an atmospheric gas analyzer, and a xenon/mercury discharge source for UV generation. The Mars Environmental Simulation Chamber (MESCH) consists of a double-walled cylindrical chamber. The double wall provides a cooling mantle through which liquid N(2) can be circulated. A load-lock system that consists of a small pressure-exchange chamber, which can be evacuated, allows for the exchange of samples without changing the chamber environment. Fitted within the MESCH is a carousel, which holds up to 10 steel sample tubes. Rotation of the carousel is controlled by an external motor. Each sample in the carousel can be placed at any desired position. Environmental data, such as temperature, pressure, and UV exposure time, are computer logged and used in automated feedback mechanisms, enabling a wide variety of experiments that include time series. Tests of the simulation facility have successfully demonstrated its ability to produce temperature cycles and maintain low temperature (down to -140 degrees C), low atmospheric pressure (5-10 mbar), and a gas composition like that of Mars during long-term experiments.     

GPS授时校频方法研究与试验结果

为了解决多目标综合测量系统各测站之间时间同步和频率校准问题,提出了利用GPS(Global Positioning System)单星或多星共视方法进行站间时间同步与校频,给出了这两种方法的计算公式,分析了星历误差、星钟误差、电离层折射误差、对流层折射误差、多径效应和接收机硬件延迟对时间同步精度的影响.为了验证GPS授时校频精度,进行了相关试验.通过与铯原子钟比对,表明利用GPS可实现纳秒级时间同步,校频精度也优于5.0×10-11,多星共视具有更高的同步校频精度.      

A FINITE ELEMENT ADAPTIVE METHOD FOR SOLVING GENERALIZED STOKES PROSLEM

ＡＦＩＮＩＴＥＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＤＡＰＴＩＶＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＳＯＬＶＩＮＧＧＥＮＥＲＡＬＩＺＥＤＳＴＯＫＥＳＰＲＯＳＬＥＭＤ．Ａ．ＦｏｋｉｎＹａｎｇＺｕｏｓｈｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｅｒｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅ...     

A METHOD FOR CALCULATING KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF HELICOPTER IN LOOP AND ROLL MANEUVERS

ＡＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＮＧＫＩＮＥＭＡＴＩＣＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＳ　ＯＦＨＥＬＩＣＯＰＴＥＲＩＮＬＯＯＰＡＮＤＲＯＬＬＭＡＮＥＵＶＥＲＳＣａｏＹｉｈｕａ；ＧａｏＺｈｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｉｒｃｒａｆｔＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ．...     

TWO NEW RECOGNITION METHODS FOR SPATIAL PLANAR POLYGONS

ＴＷＯＮＥＷＲＥＣＯＧＮＩＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＦＯＲＳＰＡＴＩＡＬＰＬＡＮＡＲＰＯＬＹＧＯＮＳＣｈｅｎｇＹｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅｔ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１００１６．Ｐ．Ｒ．Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ａｂｓ...     

FUSELAGE STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION WITH MSC／MOD PRE－PROCESSING AND MSC／PAL2 POST－PROCESSING

ＦＵＳＥＬＡＧＥＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＡＬＯＰＴＩＭＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＷＩＴＨＭＳＣ／ＭＯＤＰＲＥ－ＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧＡＮＤＭＳＣ／ＰＡＬ２ＰＯＳＴ－ＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧ￥ＣｈｅｎＭｕｌａｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｉｌｏｔｌｅｓｓＡｉｒｃｒａ...     

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL SYSTEM

ＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＩＲＥＣＴＴＯＲＱＵＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＳＹＳＴＥＭ￥ＨｕＹｕｗｅｎ；ＸｕＹｕｅ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃＣｏｎｔｒｏｌ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅｔ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１００１６，Ｐ．Ｒ．...