失谐叶片轮盘的减缩建模及动力响应预测方法

为解决高保真失谐叶盘计算量大的问题,提出了一种新的减缩建模及动力响应预测方法。该方法对叶盘单扇区有限元模型进行圆周对称分析,获取谐调叶盘在局部坐标系下的基本模态特性。同时,运用主节点的概念,仅对少量节点进行模态分析,在大大降低矩阵维度的同时获取准确的失谐模态特性。在动力响应预测分析时,利用失谐固有频率点处响应的基本特性,仅选取危险频段内、危险叶片上的危险节点进行响应分析计算,既极大地提高了运算效率,又能够准确地获取叶盘最大受迫响应幅值。实例分析结果表明:相较于传统的有限元方法,该方法中模态分析的求逆过程矩阵维度从150万下降到384,计算所得的前50阶固有频率的精度保持在0.005%以内,最大响应计算过程运算量下降超过99%时,仅存在-0.35%的误差。     

挠性支承对飞轮隔振系统性能的影响分析

飞轮的高速转子在运转过程中会激发微幅多频振动,对航天器的高精度姿态稳定控制产生不利影响.本文基于飞轮隔振系统结构,建立其动力学模型,并通过实验验证该被动隔振装置的固有模态.对增加挠性支承的飞轮隔振系统的数学模型,通过仿真分析隔振装置在挠性支承条件下对飞轮扰动的抑制效果,实验测试了不同挠性支承条件对飞轮隔振系统微振动特性的影响.结果表明,隔振装置在悬臂挠性支承条件下依然具有优异的隔振性能,挠性支承刚度的适当减弱有利于飞轮隔振系统抑制扰动;挠性支承刚度会降低飞轮隔振系统的二阶结构固有振动频率,但基本不影响其涡动特性.     

一种适于GNSS信号快捕的FFT核的设计与实现

针对GNSS信号捕获的要求,在Quartus II 7.2集成开发环境下,采用Verilog HDL语言,设计了一种256点复数基2时间抽取FFT处理器。利用Matlab工具联合Quartus II进行仿真,提高仿真效率,并最后进行硬件测试。结果表明,本文设计的FFT处理器具有较小的面积和较高的处理速度,能够满足GNSS接收机信号处理的要求。     

基于粗糙集和分层支持向量机的AGV多分支路径识别

双向型视觉导引自动导引车多分支路径识别的关键问题是实时性和鲁棒性。基于智能信息融合的思想,将粗糙集理论与多类支持向量机方法结合起来,提出一种基于知识获取实时性和类的相似性的分层多分支路径识别新方法。采用粗糙集知识粒度理论和分层递阶约简算法获得最小的决策规则,有效降低分类识别的复杂性;提出分类决策安全区域的学习方法,提高识别的鲁棒性。最后,仿真实验和多种环境下的运行测试验证了该方法的有效性和可靠性。     

Cosmic radiation exposure of biological test systems during the EXPOSE-E mission

In the frame of the EXPOSE-E mission on the Columbus external payload facility EuTEF on board the International Space Station, passive thermoluminescence dosimeters were applied to measure the radiation exposure of biological samples. The detectors were located either as stacks next to biological specimens to determine the depth dose distribution or beneath the sample carriers to determine the dose levels for maximum shielding. The maximum mission dose measured in the upper layer of the depth dose part of the experiment amounted to 238±10 mGy, which relates to an average dose rate of 408±16 μGy/d. In these stacks of about 8?mm height, the dose decreased by 5-12% with depth. The maximum dose measured beneath the sample carriers was 215±16 mGy, which amounts to an average dose rate of 368±27 μGy/d. These values are close to those assessed for the interior of the Columbus module and demonstrate the high shielding of the biological experiments within the EXPOSE-E facility. Besides the shielding by the EXPOSE-E hardware itself, additional shielding was experienced by the external structures adjacent to EXPOSE-E, such as EuTEF and Columbus. This led to a dose gradient over the entire exposure area, from 215±16 mGy for the lowest to 121±6 mGy for maximum shielding. Hence, the doses perceived by the biological samples inside EXPOSE-E varied by 70% (from lowest to highest dose). As a consequence of the high shielding, the biological samples were predominantly exposed to galactic cosmic heavy ions, while electrons and a significant fraction of protons of the radiation belts and solar wind did not reach the samples.     

Time profile of cosmic radiation exposure during the EXPOSE-E mission: the R3DE instrument

The aim of this paper is to present the time profile of cosmic radiation exposure obtained by the Radiation Risk Radiometer-Dosimeter during the EXPOSE-E mission in the European Technology Exposure Facility on the International Space Station's Columbus module. Another aim is to make the obtained results available to other EXPOSE-E teams for use in their data analysis. Radiation Risk Radiometer-Dosimeter is a low-mass and small-dimension automatic device that measures solar radiation in four channels and cosmic ionizing radiation as well. The main results of the present study include the following: (1) three different radiation sources were detected and quantified-galactic cosmic rays (GCR), energetic protons from the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region of the inner radiation belt, and energetic electrons from the outer radiation belt (ORB); (2) the highest daily averaged absorbed dose rate of 426 μGy d(-1) came from SAA protons; (3) GCR delivered a much smaller daily absorbed dose rate of 91.1 μGy d(-1), and the ORB source delivered only 8.6 μGy d(-1). The analysis of the UV and temperature data is a subject of another article (Schuster et al., 2012 ).     

Resistance of bacterial endospores to outer space for planetary protection purposes--experiment PROTECT of the EXPOSE-E mission

Spore-forming bacteria are of particular concern in the context of planetary protection because their tough endospores may withstand certain sterilization procedures as well as the harsh environments of outer space or planetary surfaces. To test their hardiness on a hypothetical mission to Mars, spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 were exposed for 1.5 years to selected parameters of space in the experiment PROTECT during the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station. Mounted as dry layers on spacecraft-qualified aluminum coupons, the "trip to Mars" spores experienced space vacuum, cosmic and extraterrestrial solar radiation, and temperature fluctuations, whereas the "stay on Mars" spores were subjected to a simulated martian environment that included atmospheric pressure and composition, and UV and cosmic radiation. The survival of spores from both assays was determined after retrieval. It was clearly shown that solar extraterrestrial UV radiation (λ≥110?nm) as well as the martian UV spectrum (λ≥200?nm) was the most deleterious factor applied; in some samples only a few survivors were recovered from spores exposed in monolayers. Spores in multilayers survived better by several orders of magnitude. All other environmental parameters encountered by the "trip to Mars" or "stay on Mars" spores did little harm to the spores, which showed about 50% survival or more. The data demonstrate the high chance of survival of spores on a Mars mission, if protected against solar irradiation. These results will have implications for planetary protection considerations.     

反舰导弹协同攻击近岸目标数据链技术

针对近岸海区作战的特点,论述了反舰导弹攻击近岸海上目标的技术和战术策略,并得出数据链是实现反舰导弹协同攻击的前提条件。在分析了反舰导弹数据链的组成、类型和作用的基础上,从近岸攻击的角度,对弹载数据链技术进行了深入研究。     

空管改革适应期的系统可靠性分析

2008年十、十一月份,民航空管系统连续发生了几起不安全事件,严重地威胁空中安全,在空管系统内部引起很大的触动。探究事件的发生,从事件的个体看是偶然的,但是对于不安全事件的集中性出现,如果还是孤立地分析为管制员“错、忘、漏”、现场运行管理、监控席位、应急处置等方面的技术原因,应该是不够的,我们还需要从整个系统的角度来全面地分析事件发生的背景,反思空管系统在安全保障方面的可靠性,乃至于客观地评估空管系统的安全性等相关问题。笔者想从这些方面入手来探寻空管系统在系统可靠性方面的问题。     

基于连续小波变换的飞行器结构模态参数辨识

给出了一种基于连续小波变换的多输入多输出MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)飞行器结构模态参数的辨识方法.对结构离散运动方程进行连续小波变换建立了小波域内的系统AR(Auto Regression)模型,AR模型的系数矩阵决定着系统的动力学特性,可以通过最小二乘法求得.模态参数可以通过求解由AR系数矩阵构成的特征矩阵的特征值来获得.与已有基于小波变换的模态参数辨识方法相比,该方法应用了连续小波的时移共变性和小波变换的滤波能力来确保辨识的效率.在辨识过程中,采用优化算法提高了辨识的精度和稳定性.算例仿真结果表明该方法具有较高的计算精度和稳定性,能用于飞行器结构模态参数的辨识.