变循环发动机组合变几何调节方案

基于面向对象的设计思想,设计出了一个双涵道变循环发动机(VCE)的性能计算模型,并选取了双涵道VCE具有代表性的典型工作点,进行了双涵道VCE的组合变几何调节的相关研究.结果表明:在双涵道VCE的亚声速巡航和超声速巡航工作点,合理调节风扇导流叶片角度可以更大程度发挥双涵道VCE性能优势;在亚声速巡航工作点时选取的方案4和超声速巡航工作点时选取的方案4均比双涵道VCE设计点的变几何调节方案性能更优.     

自动化远方跟踪站综述

使人力密集的远方跟踪站(RTS)自动化,提高各站能力,使三个独立的空军卫星网之间实现工操作是自动化远方跟踪(ARTS)计划的目标(见图1)。     

精密轨道确定的新篇章

我们声称能以几厘米的精度连续跟踪一个复杂外形地球卫星的位置,看上去似乎与提出希望达到这一要求一样半信半疑。然而海洋环流实验空基测高所需要的精度水平,可能仅有全球定位系统(GPS)才是满足这一精度要求的实用途径。 利用GPS的新轨道估计技术,其基本方法与苏联发射第一颗人造卫星以来一直使用的方法不同。虽然GPS在70年代中期已开始设计,然而直至最近,我们才认识到这些定轨技术的潜力。将GPS用于地球科学研究的意外收获仅是许多令人吃惊的额外收获之一。     

欧洲无翼飞船的再人、降落和着陆技术及验证

取消了欧洲有翼载人航天运输系统“赫尔梅斯”计划之后,研完了多种可能的无翼再入飞船方案,用于人员运输、空间站人员救援以及后勤补给任务。飞船结构的复杂性必须在先进性和可能性之间平衡。在欧洲飞船设计中遇到的一项挑战是要求在欧洲大陆精密着陆。本文介绍了无翼再入飞船再入、降落和着陆综合方案的策略。设想的飞船为密封舱型,不具备有翼飞船的横向和机动能力。必须进行适当的技术研究才能满足新型载人航天运输系统对着陆和回收的要求。此外;强度设计以及成本方面的设计必须仔细研究。本文研究了下列问题:着陆场选择敏感性、空气动力学性能、飞行控制定律、气动减速装置特性以及最后的缓冲着陆特性等。在下列方面进行了综合研究,即弹道降落伞与可控翼伞、制动反推火箭与气袋。提出了本方案的技术要求和有关的验证方法,以及总体方案演示程序。     

基于深度学习的毫米波和亚毫米波成像仪的图像增强技术

风云四号卫星毫米波和亚毫米波成像仪(MMSI)数据根据采样方式分为过采样和非过采样数据。由于采样方式的影响,非过采样数据在采样过程中会有一定的信息损失。为解决采用简单的线性插值方法做精细化处理时提升精度有限问题,采用基于深度学习的方法增强MMSI亮温图像,设计卷积神经网络重建风云四号卫星MMSI的亮温图像和风云三号卫星微波成像仪亮温图像。实验结果显示:相比传统的双三次插值方法,在风云三号卫星微波成像仪亮温图像样本上峰值信噪比提升了1.13dB,结构相似度提升了0.01。实验结果表明:对于非过采样亮温数据,采用基于深度学习的方法增强图像具有更高的精度,同时可在其他微波探测仪数据中使用,具有很强的普适性。     

Eye light flashes on the Mir space station

The phenomenon of light flashes (LF) in eyes for people in space has been investigated onboard Mir. Data on particles hitting the eye have been collected with the SilEye detectors, and correlated with human observations. It is found that a nucleus in the radiation environment of Mir has roughly a 1% probability to cause an LF, whereas the proton probability is almost three orders of magnitude less. As a function of LET, the LF probability increases above 10 keV/micrometer, reaching about 5% at around 50 keV/micrometer.     

Does the centre of mass remain stable during complex human postural equilibrium tasks in weightlessness?

In normal gravity conditions the execution of voluntary movement involves the displacement of body segments as well as the maintenance of a stable reference value for equilibrium control. It has been suggested that centre of mass (CM) projection within the supporting base (BS) is the stabilised reference for voluntary action, and is conserved in weightlessness. The purpose of this study was to determine if the CM is stabilised during whole body reaching movements executed in weightlessness. The reaching task was conducted by two cosmonauts aboard the Russian orbital station MIR, during the Franco-Russian mission ALTAIR, 1993. Movements of reflective markers were recorded using a videocamera, successive images being reconstructed by computer every 40ms. The position of the CM, ankle joint torques and shank and thigh angles were computed for each subject pre- in- and post-flight using a 7-link mathematical model. Results showed that both cosmonauts adopted a backward leaning posture prior to reaching movements. Inflight, the CM was displaced throughout values in the horizontal axis three times those of pre-flight measures. In addition, ankle dorsi flexor torques inflight increased to values double those of pre- and post-flight tests. This study concluded that CM displacements do not remain stable during complex postural equilibrium tasks executed in weightlessness. Furthermore, in the absence of gravity, subjects changed their strategy for producing ankle torque during spaceflight from a forward to a backward leaning posture.     

低空防空武器——飞机的克星

随着低空飞行战斗机和战斗直升机威胁的日益增长,在未来的战争中,步兵的自防卫武器将发挥重要作用.这就是超近程地空导弹.介绍现役的各种便携式地空导弹系统以及威胁一方的情况.     

用在动态试验环境中的硅机械传感器

ＤＥＲＡ Ｆａｒｎｂｏｒｏｕｇｈ附属弹药装置与装配研究目前的主要目标是在保证装填器／发射器有效性的情况下改进一个典型的原理性离岸导弹附属弹药的充填度。武器的有效性研究指出实际上离岸导弹（ＳＯＭ）的可行有效载荷为八个５０ｋｇ的附属弹药。这些附属弹药将以两个一组的对称方式发射，对单个目标具有内部程序设定的能力，所以需要了解在发射期间作用在这些附属弹药上的冲击和加速度载荷，ＤＲＥＡ Ｍａｌｖｅｒｎ所进行     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON MULTI-FLUID INTERFACES

INTRODUCTIONThe study on phenomenon of multi- fluid in-terface driven by shock waves include:( 1 ) totrack the motion of multimaterial interfaces;( 2 )to simulate the chemical reaction on the inter-faces. As the pioneering work,chemical reactionis neglected in this paper. The objective is totrack the interfaces. Of course,the fluids aretreated as compressible medium under such ahigh impact.Although Eulerian schemes workwell for most gas flows,they have been shownto be too dissipative nea…