A two-level system of modeling air-breathing engine afterburners

Basic aspects of constructing multilevel, multidiscipline systems for modeling the airbreathing engine (ABE) units are presented. A two-level, two-discipline system of afterburner modeling is considered and the numerical modeling results and experimental data are given for comparison.     

Calculation of pipe expansion and sizing process parameters

The calculation of the die diameter in the course of sizing taking into account reverse elastic strain of pipes is presented. Also determined are the necessary pressure value and the stress strain state in the process of tips deformation.     

Gravi- and photostimuli in moss protonema growth movements.

Moss protonemal growth direction is controlled by at least three factors, photo-, gravi- and autotropism. It is possible to experimentally separate these factors and to control selectively their morphological appearance. In darkness protonema grow negatively gravitropically, and unilateral illumination initiated positive phototropism. Red light suppressed auto- and gravitropism, blue light suppressed only gravitropism. Green light allowed both gravi- and autotropism. The effect of light on gravitropism might involve changes in starch synthesis.     

Estimation of the effect of orientation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">International Space Station</Emphasis> on the dose rate in Station’s Service Module when passing through the South-Atlantic anomaly region

The influence of spatial orientation of the International Space Station (ISS) on the dose rate recorded during passages of the station through the South-Atlantic anomaly (SAA) zone is considered. The dose rates detected by dosimeters of the radiation control system of the ISS are compared with results of calculation-based estimates. It is shown that when crossing the SAA region in close trajectories, but with different spatial orientation of the station, the dose rate near cabins of the ISS Service Module can differ by more than a factor of two.     

Rapid rotations of a satellite with a cavity filled with viscous fluid under the action of moments of gravity and light pressure forces

Rapid rotational motion of a dynamically asymmetric satellite relative to the center of mass is studied. The satellite has a cavity filled with viscous fluid at low Reynolds numbers, and it moves under the action of moments of gravity and light pressure forces. Orbital motions with an arbitrary eccentricity are supposed to be specified. The system, obtained after averaging over the Euler-Poinsot motion and applying the modified averaging method, is analyzed. The numerical analysis in the general case is performed, and the analytical study in the axial rotation vicinity is carried out. The motion in the specific case of a dynamically symmetric satellite is considered.     

Guidance of a spacecraft with low lift-to-drag ratio to a landing point

The problem of terminal control over a deorbiting spacecraft at the stage of its flight after leaving plasma (altitude of ∼40 km) is considered, the aim being to guide it to a preset landing point. The algorithm is based on a modification of the well-known method of proportional navigation, when a fixed point is the target. It is suggested to use satellite navigation systems (of the GLONASS or GPS types) and/or radio beacons, which should allow one to determine the spacecraft trajectory parameters with high precision. Single-channel control is performed by changing the roll angle according to current parameters of the trajectory, which ensures adaptability of the method. Examples of three-dimensional trajectories of flight are presented for a manned spacecraft with low lift-to-drag ratio (∼0.5), currently under design in Russia. The results of statistical modeling taking into account initial deviations of the trajectory parameters and wind disturbances are presented. A method of statistical choice of a reference trajectory for the guidance stage is suggested. A theoretical possibility of using the algorithm of spacecraft guidance (in case of in-light accident with a carrier launcher) to preset regions in the vicinity of launching route is demonstrated. A qualitative analysis of proportional navigation with a fixed target is presented.     

Instruments and methods of discovering hazardous asteroids by ground-based and space optical devices

We consider the problem of optical detection of hazardous asteroids of 100–1000 m diameter on the Earth’s surface and in space. Appropriate instruments suitable for solving this problem are also considered.     

Theory of an annular corrugated damper in the vibrator precession motion

The theory for calculating elastodamping characteristics of multilayer corrugated dampers being used in the rotor supports of aircraft gas turbine engines (GTEs), turbo-pump assemblies of rocket engines as well as in different articles of machine building industry is presented.     

Some features of disturbed rotational motion of a satellite with a strong onboard magnet

A disturbed rotational orbital motion of an asymmetrical satellite with a strong magnet in the geomagnetic field is considered. It is shown that operating disturbances result in appearing of non-resonant phenomena in the satellite rotation caused by resonance effects.