PHYSIOLAB: a new laboratory for the study of the cardio-vascular system

On the basis of the experience gained during the previous french-russian missions on board MIR about the adaptation processes of the cardio-vascular system, a new laboratory has been designed. The objective of this “PHYSIOLAB” is to have a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the changes in the cardio-vascular system, with a special emphasis on the phenomenon of cardio-vascular deconditioning after landing.

Beyond these scientific objectives, it is also intended to use PHYSIOLAB to help in the medical monitoring on-board MIR, during functional tests such as LBNP.

PHYSIOLAB will be set up in MIR by the French cosmonaut during the next french-russian CASSIOPEE mission in 1996. Its architecture is based on a central unit, which controls the experimental protocols, records the results and provides an interface for transmission to the ground via telemetry. Different specific modules are used for the acquisition of various physiological parameters.

This PHYSIOLAB under development for the CASSIOPEE mission should evolve towards a more ambitious laboratory, whose definition would take into account the results obtained with the first version of PHYSIOLAB. This “second generation” laboratory should be developed in the frame of wide international cooperation.     

Lunar astrobiology: a review and suggested laboratory equipment

In October of 2005, the European Space Agency (ESA) and Alcatel Alenia Spazio released a "call to academia for innovative concepts and technologies for lunar exploration." In recent years, interest in lunar exploration has increased in numerous space programs around the globe, and the purpose of our study, in response to the ESA call, was to draw on the expertise of researchers and university students to examine science questions and technologies that could support human astrobiology activity on the Moon. In this mini review, we discuss astrobiology science questions of importance for a human presence on the surface of the Moon and we provide a summary of key instrumentation requirements to support a lunar astrobiology laboratory.     

高超声速边界层感受性问题高精度数值模拟

通过五阶WENO格式和六阶对称紧致格式以及三阶TVD R-K结合的方法,对存在强激波和小扰动相互干扰的高超声速边界层感受性问题进行研究.结果表明:此方法能够模拟边界层内不稳定波的产生和发展以及小扰动和激波相互干扰等现象,因此能广泛应用于含激波的感受性等问题的可压缩湍流直接数值模拟以及具有激波和边界层干扰等复杂流场的计算.     

弧线齿面齿轮应力过程分析

为了给弧线齿面齿轮的齿面接触强度和齿根弯曲强度设计提供理论依据,研究了弧线齿面齿轮的齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力随载荷和安装误差的变化规律.在齿面接触分析和承载接触分析的基础上应用弹性理论计算了弧线齿面齿轮副的齿面接触应力和应用有限元应力影响矩阵法计算了该齿轮副的齿根弯曲应力.给出了数字计算实例,计算结果表明:齿面接触强度和齿根弯曲强度在重载时的接触强度和弯曲强度由单齿啮合区的强度决定,轴向安装误差和轴夹角安装误差分别会增加齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力,轴夹角安装误差和轴间距安装误差对齿面接触应力影响甚小,而轴向安装误差和轴间距安装误差可以降低齿根弯曲应力,与直齿面齿轮相比,弧线齿面齿轮的接触和弯曲应力明显减小.      

Evaluation of mixed mode-Ⅰ/Ⅱ criteria for fatigue crack propagation using experiments and modeling

In this study, in-plane mixed mode-Ⅰ/Ⅱ fatigue crack growth simulations and experiments are performed for the Al 7075-T651 aluminum alloy which is widely used in the aerospace industry. Tests are carried out under different mode mixity ratios to evaluate the applicability of a fracture criterion developed in a previous study to mixed mode-Ⅰ/Ⅱ fatigue crack growth tests.Results obtained from the analyses and experiments are compared with existing and developed criteria in terms of crack growth lives. Compact Tension Shear(CTS) specimens, which enable mixed mode loading with loading devices under different loading angles, are used in the simulations and experiments. In an effort to model and simulate the actual conditions in the experiments, crack surfaces of fractured specimens are scanned, crack paths are modeled exactly, and contacts are defined between the contact surfaces of a specimen and the loading device for each crack propagation step in the analyses. Having computed the mixed mode stress intensity factors from the numerical analyses, propagation life cycles are predicted by existing and the developed mixed mode-Ⅰ/Ⅱ criteria and then compared with experimental results.     

不同结构肋化通道对流换热特性的试验

为了研究不同结构肋化通道冲击射流传热的传热特性,设计了4种不同结构的肋化通道,采用试验的方法分别对其传热特性进行了研究,分析比较了不同的肋化结构和冲击雷诺数对传热特性的影响规律.研究结果表明,在冲击驻点区域的传热特性与粗糙肋区域有所不同,具有V形结构肋化通道的传热性能较好.      

地表分辨率对空间目标辐射照度影响

根据辐射传递原理构建了用于计算地表对空间目标辐射照度的模型,该模型以辐射传输软件计算的地表等效辐射亮度作为输入,通过对比不同地表分辨率下空间目标接收到的地球辐射照度差异,确定了在模拟仿真过程中最适合用于仿真的地表分辨率。然后,利用辐射传输软件统计分析了不同大气模式、季节、地表温度和地表类型的环境下,地表辐射亮度及其差距。利用该数据并结合模型进行了辐照度仿真计算。结果表明,当空间目标处在地表环境差异较大的地区,地表分辨率对目标接收到的辐射照度计算结果有影响,根据目标与地表的距离选择相应的地表分辨率进行仿真计算能够在保证精度的前提下减少模型计算量。     

Spiders: water-driven erosive structures in the southern hemisphere of Mars

Recent data from space missions reveal that there are ongoing climatic changes and erosive processes that continuously modify surface features of Mars. We have investigated the seasonal dynamics of a number of morphological features located at Inca City, a representative area at high southern latitude that has undergone seasonal processes. By integrating visual information from the Mars Orbiter Camera on board the Mars Global Surveyor and climatic cycles from a Mars' General Circulation Model, and considering the recently reported evidence for the presence of water-ice and aqueous precipitates on Mars, we propose that a number of the erosive features identified in Inca City, among them spiders, result from the seasonal melting of aqueous salty solutions.     

利用Delphi开发武器装备资料数据库系统

介绍了利用 Delphi 开发武器装备资料数据库系统的方法,内容包括系统设计目标与功能结构、数据库设计、数据库应用程序开发及主要技术特点等,并给出了用于实现主要功能的部分流程图或原程序。