合成孔径快速数字算法

本文描述了合成孔长雷达数字信号处理的准最佳算法，对该算法的计算复杂性及其与最佳处理相比之下的不足进行了评估，分析了合成孔径方向图的形式，提出了选择算法参数的建议。     

Analytical definition and proposed concept for the manned infrastructure of a lunar outpost

A recent study made by ESA has reviewed the scientific investigations to be only, or best, performed on the Moon (Return to the Moon, ESA SP-1150, June 1992), and has identified the need for a manned lunar outpost to provide support to field geologists in sampling and in-situ observations of the lunar surface, and to allow the refurbishments of surface stations and rovers. Planning and development for a manned outpost on the Moon requires an in-depth understanding and analysis of the functions this outpost is expected to perform. We therefore analyzed the impact of the proposed scientific investigations on the design of a manned lunar outpost. The specific questions raised in our study were: What are the medical, physiological and psychological risks for a crew to stay and to work on the Moon? What transit and lunar surface infrastructures (habitats and vehicles) are needed to minimize those risks?     

美国固体推进剂的检验与鉴定规程

美国建立了测定固体推进剂的化学、物理和界面等各项性能的标准检验规程。对推进剂来说,所产生的整套数据,必须是充分的,而且足以确保其安全、工艺参数,并满足质量鉴定指标。固体推进剂的安全、化学、物理、力学等各项性能的检验,是与特定的发动机指标相联系的。测试项目的选择取决于推进剂的类型(如单基或双基,复合或复合改性双基),发动机使用条件(如密闭或不密闭的发动机壳体、相对应的溫度及高度的点火条件),以及要求的贮存寿命。目前,美国对推进剂的检验和鉴定大约进行六十种测试。本文提出了检验与鉴定准则的概要,讨论了各项或各类测试的细节与目的。     

The dynamics of blood biochemical parameters in cosmonauts during long-term space flights

Most of the previously obtained data on cosmonauts' metabolic state concerned certain stages of the postflight period. In this connection, all conclusions, as to metabolism peculiarities during the space flight, were to a large extent probabilistic. The purpose of this work was study of metabolism characteristics in cosmonauts directly during long-term space flights. In the capillary blood samples taken from a finger, by "Reflotron IV" biochemical analyzer, "Boehringer Mannheim" GmbH, Germany, adapted to weightlessness environments, the activity of GOT, GPT, CK, gamma-GT, total and pancreatic amylase, as well as concentration of hemoglobin, glucose, total bilirubin, uric acid, urea, creatinine, total, HDL- and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides had been determined. HDL/LDL-cholesterol ratio also was computed. The crewmembers of 6 main missions to the "Mir" orbital station, a total of 17 cosmonauts, were examined. Biochemical tests were carried out 30-60 days before launch, and in the flights different stages between the 25-th and the 423-rd days of flights. In cosmonauts during space flight had been found tendency to increase, in compare with basal level, GOT, GPT, total amylase activity, glucose and total cholesterol concentration, and tendency to decrease of CK activity, hemoglobin, HDL-cholesterol concentration, and HDL/LDL - cholesterol ratio. Some definite trends in variations of other determined biochemical parameters had not been found. The same trends of mentioned biochemical parameters alterations observed in majority of tested cosmonauts, allows to suppose existence of connection between noted metabolic alterations with influence of space flight conditions upon cosmonaut's body. Variations of other studied blood biochemical parameters depends on, probably, pure individual causes.     

Results of space experiment program "Interferon"

The results of the biological space experiment "Interferon" performed by two international cosmonaut teams (26 May 1980, and 16 May 1981) aboard space laboratory Solyut-6 are reported: (1) Human lymphocytes separated from blood of healthy donors and placed into "Interferon I" equipment could be kept for 7 days in suspension culture under spaceflight conditions. Interferon production could be induced in human lymphocytes by preparations of different origin: virus, synthetic polyribonucleotides, bacterial protein and plant pigment. An increased lymphocyte interferon production in space laboratory compared to ground control was observed. (2) Human interferon preparations and interferon inducers placed in space laboratory at room temperature for 7 days maintained their biological activity. (3) A decrease of induced interferon production and natural killer activity of lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of cosmonauts was observed on the 1st day on Earth after 7-days spaceflight.     

Human exploration of Mars

The human exploration of Mars has the potential to return a rich harvest of scientific information about that planet, its possible past biological history and the prospects for future habitation by Earthly life. The realization of that potential will require new approaches and new technologies--a whole new paradigm in space exploration. Picture yourself exploring the surface of Mars, where your task involves conducting a detailed investigation of features larger than the United States in order to uncover a record of planetary history spanning over four billion years.     

基于增量学习的高光谱图像目标检测

高光谱图像目标检测是高光谱图像分析中的重要研究内容之一。本文从经典有效的约束能量最小化算法出发,提出了一种基于增量学习的高光谱目标检测方法。当获得新的样本时,不需要重新计算所有样本的自相关矩阵即可对检测器模型进行更新,减轻了星上有限计算资源的负担。实验结果表明:本文提出的目标检测算法在压制背景光谱的同时可以更好地适应目标光谱,提高了算法的检测性能。     

一种空间用大口径扫描装置锁紧机构设计

由于红外探测器尺寸限制，大多数光学遥感器仍采用扫描装置来扩大探测视场，随着相机口径及探测视场的增大，扫描装置中扫描镜口径越来越大，对扫描镜支撑元件的承载能力要求也随之提高。文章为了确保某项目扫描装置中的扫描镜支撑元件不被过载破坏，根据扫描镜口径及过载条件，提出一种高承载能力、高刚度、可重复使用，且能够满足支撑元件过载受力要求的锁紧机构；阐述了锁紧机构的组成和工作原理，针对过载要求分析了锁紧机构核心部组件的承载能力及锁紧力，并根据过载条件进行了力学仿真分析；最后开展了振动试验，结果表明该锁紧机构可对扫描装置中扫描镜支撑元件安全锁紧。     

从硬产业到软产业：知识经济时代的产业发展变迁——基于软实力理论的解读

在信息技术革命的推动下,人类社会进入了知识经济时代,产业发展也出现了巨大的变化,产业内容和产业结构方面出现了值得关注的新现象.文章基于软实力理论的分析框架对产业发展的变迁进行了分析:在知识经济时代,软产业,即以信息、技术和知识等"软要素"为主要生产要素的产业成为新的支柱产业,而传统产业对"软要素"的依赖程度也大大加深,出现了软化的趋势.