低铝低燃速HTPB推进剂工艺性能影响研究

为研究固体填料粒度级配及工艺助剂对低铝低燃速HTPB推进剂工艺性能的影响,本文依据固体颗粒堆积最密集排列理论,建立了固体颗粒级配模型,结合固体填料实际粒径,计算得到两种理想刚性球的堆积结果,并在此基础上考察了不同级配配方药浆流动性及触变性。同时,通过筛选工艺助剂种类及优化最适助剂用量,对比了加入不同工艺助剂配方药浆的触变性。结果表明：当采用双二级配模型,计算出的固体颗粒级配比例最优;通过进一步优化固体颗粒级配,结合药浆触变环大小快速判定了推进剂固体级配的合理性,提高了低铝低燃速HTPB推进剂配方工艺性能的可设计性;当工艺助剂选用SU-2,且用量为0.03%时,推进剂工艺性能明显改善,适用期可达596min。     

工农二元经济与城乡二元经济的比较

二元经济是概括中国经济结构特点的经典概念.由于观察视角的不同,理论界关于中国二元经济结构的界定存在工农二元经济和城乡二元经济两种表述.从刘易斯界定二元经济概念的逻辑分析入手,对工农二元经济和城乡二元经济进行了区分,指出刘易斯研究二元经济的历史背景是世界经济从农业经济时代向工业经济时代转型,生产方式的根本不同是刘易斯划分二元经济的标准,工农二元经济的概念强调工业经济时代和农业经济时代的经济成分在生产方式上的差别,是符合刘易斯逻辑的概念表述.     

前视时合成孔径雷达的信号函数

本文研究前视和沿复杂航迹飞行时对机载合成孔径雷达进行信号积累时的信号函数形式和特点。     

室内火箭试车台的理论和试验评定

用于固体火箭发动机静态试车的一种新的室内试验设施最近在荷兰全国应用科学研究中心的Prins Maurits实验室建成。本文介绍了试车的概况,气体动力学特性,强度和减声特性,以及验证试验的结果。     

基于光纤的雷达目标模拟器设计

光纤延迟线是用微波信号调制激光源而输出光信号 ,光源是激光二极管 ,其光输出能对微波频率进行调制。由于它是将雷达发射脉冲信号直接调制到光载波上 ,通过光纤延迟后再解调为雷达目标回波信号 ,故这种方法是完全相干的 ,且不引入系统的相位噪声。提出了一种用光纤延迟线实现雷达目标相干模拟的设计方法     

Tírez lake as a terrestrial analog of Europa

Tírez Lake (La Mancha, central Spain) is proposed as a terrestrial analogue of Europa's ocean. The proposal is based on the comparison of the hydrogeochemistry of Tírez Lake with the geochemical features of the alteration mineralogy of meteoritic precursors and with Galileo's Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data on Europa's surface. To validate the astrobiological potential of Tírez Lake as an analog of Europa, different hydrogeochemical, mineral, and microbial analyses were performed. Experimental and theoretical modeling helped to understand the crystallization pathways that may occur in Europa's crust. Calculations about the oxidation state of the hypothetical Europan ocean were estimated to support the sulfate-rich neutral liquid model as the origin of Europa's observed hydrated minerals and to facilitate their comparison with Tírez's hydrogeochemistry. Hydrogeochemical and mineralogical analyses showed that Tírez waters corresponded to Mg-Na-SO(4)-Cl brines with epsomite, hexahydrite, and halite as end members. A preliminary microbial ecology characterization identified two different microbial domains: a photosynthetically sustained community represented by planktonic/benthonic forms and microbial mat communities, and a subsurficial anaerobic realm in which chemolithotrophy predominates. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has been used to characterize the prokaryotic diversity of the system. The subsurficial community seemed to be dominated by sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens. Frozen Tírez brines were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared techniques providing spectra similar to those reported previously using pure components and to the Galileo spectral data. Calorimetric measurements of Tírez brines showed pathways and phase metastability for magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride crystallization that may aid in understanding the processes involved in the formation of Europa's icy crust. The use of fluorescence hybridization techniques for microbial detection and characterization in hypersaline environments makes this methodology strongly advisable for future Europa astrobiological missions.     

New ideas for affordable space missions

In September 1995, NASA-Goddard held a workshop on low-cost access to space for science missions. The workshop provided briefings on balloons, sounding rockets, Shuttle payloads, and low-cost free-flyer concepts, to provide options of getting experiments into space. This report is the result of a panel session organized with the aim of generating new ideas beyond those presented in the workshop. In addition to the authors, Orlando Figueroa and Paul Ondrus of NASA-Goddard and Richard Zwirnbaum of Computer Sciences Corp. participated in the discussions. The ideas presented do not necessarily reflect the current thinking of NASA managers. Although the panel discussion was focused on the kinds of science missions usually funded by NASA, most of the ideas that were generated are relevant to military and commercial missions as well.     

改进（DSP）模型运用于货运中心信息系统规划

货运中心信息系统规划,是围绕着公路货物运输网络的信息系统布局,对货运中心适站量的信息输送方式,信息作业规模、以及信息系统的建设水平进行规划。在货物运输过程中,该信息系统需要处理有关物品运输、中转换装、车辆调度、运输代理等多方面的信息流,使之密切配合物流系统的管理,提高货物运输服务水平、工作效率及经济效益。该信息系统群的作业过程,是由一组与物流组织相关的成对信息系统,对每对O—D流进行作业。在满足运输网络流需求的条件下,信息系统的布局应要求以最低的系统费用或最好的效益来安排建设序列。DSP模型是送货系统问题规划模型,本文对该模型进行了适当的改造,首次将之运用到货运中心信息系统规划问题中。主要变化是:(1)一个货运中心为一个节点,所覆盖的运输区内的用户端点都合并到该节点中;(2)成本系数为决策变量的直接相关的函数。本方法已成功地应用于甘肃省货运中心运输网络规划,取得了满意的结果。