火星上的地名是怎样来的

2012年10月下旬，“好奇”号火星车兴致盎然地横穿了耶洛奈夫（Yenowkl·ifc）多卵石的地面，越过和平谷（PeaceVallts）和霍塔（Hottah），     

AS900将在明年取得适航合格证

美国霍尼韦尔公司为支线和公务机研制的ＡＳ９００发动机现已进入飞行试验阶段。今年ＡＳ９００将累计完成５０００小时加速任务试验，预计该发动机将在明年３月取得适航合格证，并于第三季度投入使用。     

加加林死因真相？

1961年4月12日，尤里加加林成为了世界上家喻户晓的人。但过了不到七年，他却不幸死于一次飞行事故。对于这次事故的原因，众说纷纭，“阴谋论”、“醉酒论”、“高空气球碰撞论”……，今年6月，美国航天网站（americaspace．com）刊载文章提出了不同观点，特进行编译整理，以飨读者。     

窄体客机及其发动机将推动MRO市场的增长

今年是窄体客机机体和发动机的维修高峰年，预计IAE公司的V2500及CFM国际公司的CFM-56-5B发动机将创下大修纪录，空客A320系列和波音737NG的维修量也将攀升。     

航空公司联盟织就全球网络

AlliancesSpawnaWebofGlobalNetworks大型航空公司之间的伙伴关系正渗透到新的市场当中，并影响了航空运输业的方方面面：从公务旅客的休息室到机场的登机口……作为躲避多如牛毛的政府管制而建立起来的排他性很强的私营组织，全球性航空公司联盟已经为世界未来的航空运输系统奠定了基础。四大巨型航空公司伙伴关系已露端倪，并正在增加新的成员、市场价值和网络中转业务。这四大联盟的成员是从世界顶尖级的25位大型航空公司中产生，而最近它们增加的新成员表明它们已经将联盟的触角伸向全球空运市场的第二层次。作为联盟最低形式的代码共…     

“脑资源”枯竭 美国航宇公司人才告急

AVIATIONWEEK》》&SPACETECHNOLOGYBrainDrainThreatensAerospaceVitality高级工程人员的短缺正在严重削弱美国航空界的活力，这种情况短期内难以得到解决美国航字工业正在面临一个越来越严重的问题，可以说是一个危机，而且按照一些资深观察家的观点，这种情况还看不到什么时候可以得到改善的迹象。这个危机被称为‘脑资源枯竭”，又称为“智力外流”。随着新兴电子商务公司的不断涌现，如何吸引高技术人才以及留住高智商技术人员已越来越困难，特别在一些关键的行业，如电子、软件和系统工程等更是突出，人才短缺已经对工业…     

机械师短缺,航空安全令人堪忧

AVIATIONWEEK&SPACETECHNOLOGYMechanicShortageRaisesGrowth，SafetyConcernsEdwaPdHPhilips据预测，在今后几年，除非采取快捷有效的方法改变现状，否则美国飞机机械师和航电技术人员的人力资源的短缺会威胁到航空运输的发展和安全问题据美国劳工部所作的统计表明，在今后几年需要12000名新的飞机、发动机机械师（A＆P）加盟，以保持现有的航空运输业发展速度和补充退休的有经验的机械师，几乎每年缺4000名机械师。到2006年，全美维修业应达到155000名机械师，比现有人员增加13％。航空技术教育委员会（ATEC）的总裁文…     

Steady course for civil space in 2002

Total expenditures for space activities by civilian governments totaled $20.3 billion in 2002. National summaries by expenditure and type of flight are provided.     

The search for life on Europa: limiting environmental factors, potential habitats, and Earth analogues

The putative ocean of Europa has focused considerable attention on the potential habitats for life on Europa. By generally clement Earth standards, these Europan habitats are likely to be extreme environments. The objectives of this paper were to examine: (1) the limits for biological activity on Earth with respect to temperature, salinity, acidity, desiccation, radiation, pressure, and time; (2) potential habitats for life on Europa; and (3) Earth analogues and their limitations for Europa. Based on empirical evidence, the limits for biological activity on Earth are: (1) the temperature range is from 253 to 394 K; (2) the salinity range is a(H2O) = 0.6-1.0; (3) the desiccation range is from 60% to 100% relative humidity; (4) the acidity range is from pH 0 to 13; (5) microbes such as Deinococcus are roughly 4,000 times more resistant to ionizing radiation than humans; (6) the range for hydrostatic pressure is from 0 to 1,100 bars; and (7) the maximum time for organisms to survive in the dormant state may be as long as 250 million years. The potential habitats for life on Europa are the ice layer, the brine ocean, and the seafloor environment. The dual stresses of lethal radiation and low temperatures on or near the icy surface of Europa preclude the possibility of biological activity anywhere near the surface. Only at the base of the ice layer could one expect to find the suitable temperatures and liquid water that are necessary for life. An ice layer turnover time of 10 million years is probably rapid enough for preserving in the surface ice layers dormant life forms originating from the ocean. Model simulations demonstrate that hypothetical oceans could exist on Europa that are too cold for biological activity (T < 253 K). These simulations also demonstrate that salinities are high, which would restrict life to extreme halophiles. An acidic ocean (if present) could also potentially limit life. Pressure, per se, is unlikely to directly limit life on Europa. But indirectly, pressure plays an important role in controlling the chemical environments for life. Deep ocean basins such as the Mariana Trench are good analogues for the cold, high-pressure ocean of Europa. Many of the best terrestrial analogues for potential Europan habitats are in the Arctic and Antarctica. The six factors likely to be most important in defining the environments for life on Europa and the focus for future work are liquid water, energy, nutrients, low temperatures, salinity, and high pressures.     

精益理论在维修领域的实践

维修企业向精益和六西格玛转变,可以缩短交付周期和节省成本,但这个过程需要花数百万美元并做出长期的努力。