涡轮盘榫齿高温复合疲劳载荷、寿命由试验向外场的换算

针对某型发动机二级涡轮盘榫齿裂纹故障,进行了轻、重两种腐蚀状态的涡轮盘榫齿高温复合疲劳寿命试验。并由试验寿命推算出其外场使用寿命,为此,本文提出了复合疲劳载荷、寿命由试验向外场的双频比换算方法。换算结果可用于制定涡轮盘的腐蚀判废标准。     

LEO enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System (LeGNSS) for real-time precise positioning services

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been widely used in many geosciences areas with its Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) service. However, GNSS still has its own bottleneck, such as the long initialization period of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) without dense reference network. Recently, the concept of PNTRC (Positioning, Navigation, Timing, Remote sensing and Communication) has been put forward, where Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are recruited to fulfill diverse missions. In navigation aspect, a number of selected LEO satellites can be equipped with a transmitter to transmit similar navigation signals to ground users, so that they can serve as GNSS satellites but with much faster geometric change to enhance GNSS capability, which is named as LEO constellation enhanced GNSS (LeGNSS). As a result, the initialization time of PPP is expected to be shortened to the level of a few minutes or even seconds depending on the number of the LEO satellites involved. In this article, we simulate all the relevant data from June 8th to 14th, 2014 and investigate the feasibility of LeGNSS with the concentration on the key issues in the whole data processing for providing real-time PPP service based on a system configuration with fourteen satellites of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), twenty-four satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS), and sixty-six satellites of the Iridium satellite constellations. At the server-end, Precise Orbit Determination (POD) and Precise Clock Estimation (PCE) with various operational modes are investigated using simulated observations. It is found out that GNSS POD with partial LEO satellites is the most practical mode of LeGNSS operation. At the user-end, the Geometry Dilution Of Precision (GDOP) and Signal-In-Space Ranging Error (SISRE) are calculated and assessed for different positioning schemes in order to demonstrate the performance of LeGNSS. Centimeter level SISRE can be achieved for LeGNSS.     

火星大气进入滑模自抗扰制导方法

针对火星探测器大气进入制导阶段存在着模型参数误差等不确定性,基于直接反馈线性化理论设计了一种滑模自抗扰进入制导方法。首先利用反馈线性化方法对跟踪系统模型进行线性化处理;在此基础上设计了滑模控制律,并利用线性扩张状态观测器估计系统的未知不确定量,在控制律中进行补偿;此外还给出了大气进入段的横向制导律。仿真结果表明,与反馈线性化方法相比,该方法设计的制导律有效地降低了模型参数误差对制导精度的影响,实现了对参考轨迹的良好跟踪,提高了探测器开伞点的精度。     

微机数控伺服驱动系统的自动升降速处理

微机数控系统在启动、停止或切削加工过程中改变进给速度时，由于于侗服驱动元件的响应频率跟不上微机插补运算所输出的进给指令信号频率，而容易产生失步或超程，直接影响加工精度。本文较为详细地分析了以微机数控用步进电机或直流伺服电机作为伺服驱动元件的开环、闭环（半闭环）控制系统中产生以上问题的原因，介绍了为解决以上矛盾所采取自动升降速处理的原理、方法和步骤。     

氢喷射温度对氢氧火箭发动机燃烧稳定性的影响

应用CFD方法对氢氧火箭发动机中高频燃烧不稳定性进行了数值模拟,研究分析了不同工况条件下氢喷射温度对燃烧振荡的影响规律,得出了压力振荡频率变化规律及稳定性极限图。结果表明：在一定的氢喷射温度范围内会发生不稳定燃烧,且随着混合比的增大,发生不稳定燃烧的氢喷射温度上限增大;不稳定燃烧振荡主频呈倍频关系,且在氢喷射温度（70K～110K）内,振荡主频最大。     

布里渊增强四波混频实现激光告警干扰原理

针对现有的激光告警和干扰方法的缺点,提出了利用布里渊增强四波混频法实现对激光制导武器一体化告警和干扰的方法。分析了该方法的优点,定量计算了干扰激光的强度。     

Numerical Simulation of 2D Supersonic Magnetohydrodynamic Channel and Study on Hall Effect

In this research effort,numerical simulation of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) channel is performed and Hall effect is studied.The computational model consists of the Navier-Stokes(N-S) equations coupled with electrical-magnetic source terms,Maxwell equations and the generalized Ohm’s law.Boundary conditions for the electrical potential equation considering Hall effect are derived.To start with,the MHD channel with single-pair electrodes is studied and flow of the electric current is in accordance with physical principle.Then the MHD channel with five-pair electrodes is numerically simulated.The results show that the electrical current concentrates on the downstream of the anode and the upstream of the cathode due to Hall effect,and the flow field becomes asymmetrical.At the current value of the magnetic interaction parameter,the electrical-magnetic force affects the flow remarkably,decreasing the outlet Mach number and increasing the outlet pressure;what’s more,the flow structure in the channel becomes extremely complex.Performances of MHD channels with continual electrodes and segmented electrodes are compared.The results show that performance of the MHD channel with segmented electrodes is better than that with continual electrodes with the increase of Hall parameter.     

论雷达管制条件下冲突的发现

回顾以往的不安全事件，很多都与冲突不被及时发现有关。如何保证每一个冲突都能被及时发现，这已经成为摆在管制员面前的至关重要的问题。     

大视场红外星敏感器折反式光学系统设计

星敏感器是以恒星为探测对象的高精度空间姿态测量装置,广泛应用于卫星、航天飞机、导弹等必备的高精度姿态敏感部件。为了实现在特定环境要求下的精确应用,本文设计了可应用于近红外波长的红外光学系统。首先,根据既定的参数进行了初始结构的选型,并对马克苏托夫望远镜的形式进行了改进。然后,对设计结果进行了探测性能分析。随后对设计好的系统进行了公差分析及优化,使它能满足加工装配需求。最后,为光学系统设计了遮光罩,进行了杂散光分析。设计与分析结果表明：该探测光学系统折反射镜全表面采用球面,系统总长171.2mm,全视场14μm包围能量分布均在86%以上,0.8视场内最大畸变小于4μm。该系统视场大、结构紧凑、装调难度低、探测灵敏度高、探测范围广、温度适应性强,可在0.8～1.9μm近红外波段的宽光谱范围内进行高精度目标检测的准确检测。     

AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺研究

采用带螺纹的搅拌头对10mm厚的镁合金在不同的工艺参数下进行搅拌摩擦焊,并观察了焊缝的表面形貌和显微组织,结果表明:当n/v比在一定的合适范围内时,才能获得焊缝成形优良的接头;焊核区的金属在搅拌头摩擦热和旋转搅拌的作用下发生塑性变形,并产生细小等轴状的动态再结晶晶粒,晶粒大小约为4.5μm,β-Mg17All2经过搅摩擦焊后弥散分布;前进侧和返回侧的金属均沿着焊核边缘向上迁移,前进侧焊缝过渡区域金属流变剧烈,而返回侧过渡区域的金属流变较缓和,存在一个渐变的过渡区域。