带螺旋桨飞机模型风洞实验洞壁干扰修正

带动力实验进行洞壁干扰修正时,必须考虑螺旋桨滑流的影响。运用等效动压法和壁压信息法对运八飞机带螺旋桨模型风洞实验数据进行洞壁干扰修正,分析洞壁对带螺旋桨飞机模型试验数据的影响并对不同修正方法进行了比较。两种修正方法的修正结果基本一致,壁压信息法能实际反映洞壁干扰影响,但壁压信息法需要进行准确的壁压测量,增加实验工作量;等效动压法是以经典的洞壁干扰修正公式为基础,考虑了螺旋桨滑流的影响,而且带螺旋桨飞机模型实验的攻角一般在中等攻角以下,不会出现像大攻角那样的分离特性,因此这种方法有较好实用性。     

一种特型燃气舵数值模拟分析

介绍了一种由活动体和固定体组成的特型燃气舵.为了解该燃气舵的相关特性及其与普通燃气舵的区别,分别对该特型燃气舵和普通燃气舵进行了数值模拟.根据数值模拟的结果,从流场、热效应、固体颗粒影响及气动性能4个方面进行了分析.与普通燃气舵相比,特型燃气舵具有抗侵蚀能力强、结构质量轻和阻力小等优点,但也有升力小的缺点.     

Pleurodeles waltl, amphibian, Urodele, is a suitable biological model for embryological and physiological space experiments on a vertebrate.

Pleurodeles waltl (amphibian, Urodele) is an appropriate biological model for space experiments on a vertebrate. One reason for interest in this animal concerns the study of the effects of absence of gravity on embryonic development. First, after mating (on Earth) the females retain live, functional sperm in their cloacum for up to 5 months, allowing normal in vivo fertilisation after hormonal stimulation. Second, their development is slow, which allows analyses of all the key stages of ontogenesis from the oocyte to swimming tailbud embryos or larvae. We have performed detailed studies and analyses of the effects of weightlessness on amphibian Pleurodeles embryos, fertilised and allowed to develop until the swimming larvae stage. These experiments were performed in space during three missions on the MIR-station: FERTILE I, FERTILE II and NEUROGENESIS respectively in 1996, 1998 and 1999. We show that in microgravity abnormalities appeared at specific stages of development compared to 1g-centrifuge control embryos and 1g-ground control embryos. In this report we describe abnormalities occurring in the central nervous system. These modifications occur during the neurulation process (delay in the closure of the neural tube and failure of closure of this tube in the cephalic area) and at the early tailbud stage (microcephaly observed in 40% of the microgravity-embryos). However, if acephalic and microcephalic embryos are not taken into account, these abnormalities did not disturb further morphological, biochemical and functional development and the embryos were able to regulate and a majority of normal hatching and swimming larvae were obtained in weightlessness with a developmental time-course equivalent to that of 1g-centrifuge control embryos (on the MIR station) and 1g-ground control embryos.     

歼击机全动平尾转轴梁的可靠性分析

 本文从整个构件系统着眼,研究某型歼击机全动平尾转轴梁静强度的可靠性。具体采用Ditlevsen Bounds法计算其强度可靠度;用设计点线性化方法计算其扭转位移可靠度;并用Monte-Carlo数值模拟法计算最严重破坏模式的失效概率。     

当代教师素质刍议

全面推进深入实施素质教育,教师是关键。实施好素质教育,要解决的根本问题是教师素质。教师应具备的素质为思想道德素质,文化知识素质,业务能力素质,身心健康素质。     

A NEW ALGORITHM FOR ALL EFFICIENT SPANNING TREES

Ｃｏｒｌｅｙ提出了一种求所有有效生成树的算法，但该算法得到的最终解含有许多非有效的生成树。本文提出一种新的算法，首先指明了Ｃｏｒｌｅｙ算法理论基础的缺陷，然后进一步提出并证明了一个子树是有效生成树的子树的两个必要条件。根据这个结果，建立了这种新算法并证明了它的有效性。     

Three-dimensional global simulation of multiple ICMEs’ interaction and propagation from the Sun to the heliosphere following the 25–28 October 2003 solar events

This study performs simulations of interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) propagation in a realistic three-dimensional (3D) solar wind structure from the Sun to the Earth by using the newly developed hybrid code, HAFv.2+3DMHD. This model combines two simulation codes, Hakamada–Akasofu–Fry code version 2 (HAFv.2) and a fully 3D, time-dependent MHD simulation code. The solar wind structure is simulated out to 0.08 AU (18 Rs) from source surface maps using the HAFv.2 code. The outputs at 0.08 AU are then used to provide inputs for the lower boundary, at that location, of the 3D MHD code to calculate solar wind and its evolution to 1 AU and beyond. A dynamic disturbance, mimicking a particular flare’s energy output, is delivered to this non-uniform structure to model the evolution and interplanetary propagation of ICMEs (including their shocks). We then show the interaction between two ICMEs and the dynamic process during the overtaking of one shock by the other. The results show that both CMEs and heliosphere current sheet/plasma sheet were deformed by interacting with each other.     

Exploring for natural gas using reflectance spectra of surface soils

Reflectance spectra in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths provide a rapid and inexpensive means for determining the mineralogy of samples and obtaining information on chemical composition. Hydrocarbon microseepage theory establishes a cause-and-effect relation between oil and gas reservoirs and some special surface anomalies, which mainly include surface hydrocarbon microseepage and related alterations. Therefore, we can explore for oil, gas by determining reflectance spectra of surface anomalies. This idea has been applied to the R&D project of exploring for natural gas in Qinghai province of China using NASA EO-1 satellite with the Hyperion sensor (June 2005 to June 2006). In this project, in order to improve the accuracy of exploration targets of natural gas mapped in the field studied, an integrated practical system of exploration of oil and gas was built by the analysis of not only hyperspectral remote sensing data but also data provided from field work. In this paper, our efforts were focused on the analysis of the 799 reflectance spectra provided from the field work. In order to properly define the typical form of hydrocarbon microseepage with spectroscopy and fulfill the data analysis, it was necessary to build a spectral model. In this spectral model the most important features of hydrocarbon microseepage in the surface of our study area, i.e., diagnostic spectral macroscopic features and diagnostic spectral absorption features, were proposed and extracted, respectively. The distribution of coexisting anomalies, which results from both alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, is estimated by the diagnostic macroscopic features mainly using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. On the other hand, the diagnostic absorption features of two main absorption bands presented abundant local information, based on deep analysis of which, we are able to map the anomalies of alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, respectively. Additionally, a general framework of analysis and key classification algorithms applied to the Hyperion data have been introduced briefly. In our work, three exploration targets of natural gas were identified from the study area which covers 2100 km². In the three exploration targets, three wildcats have been drilled by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) since July 2006, and all the three wells have been proven some industrial reserves.     

基于ADAMS/View的6×6越野车 前独立悬架参数化设计与分析

采用ADAMS/View提供的参数化建模及参数化分析方法,对6×6越野汽车前独立悬架进行了参数化设计,并对悬架主要的几何参数进行了分析,得出了较好的分析仿真结果.整个过程首先根据整车设计条件确定悬架的尺寸参数和车轮的定位参数,然后利用ADAMS/View建立悬架的虚拟样机模型,最后对所建立的模型进行设计研究(design study)和试验设计DOE(Design of Experiments).通过分析得出随下摆臂的长度值增大和下摆臂的安装倾角的减小,车轮侧向滑移量有大幅减小的趋势.因此选择下摆臂的长度值及其安装倾角为设计变量,以车轮侧向滑移量为设计对象,在ADAMS/Insight中进行了参数优选,得出的仿真结果能够满足设计要求.该方法提高了悬架的设计速度与质量,可为今后设计高性能的悬架系统提供借鉴.     

四元数反馈控制技术研究

弹道导弹、运载火箭在飞行过程中经常会出现三通道大范围调姿的情况,如果用传统的姿态角控制方案,当3个欧拉角中的第2个欧拉角出现过90°的情况时,欧拉角计算出现奇异.本文针对采用捷联惯性测量组合作为敏感器件的弹道导弹、运载火箭提出了四元数控制方案,即采用初始四元数q0袁征初始姿态、终端四元数q1表征终端姿态,实时计算调姿程序四元数qcx以及姿控系统控制量四元数△q(k)的方法,可避免姿态角计算奇异问题,且姿态过程优化.数学仿真证明了该方案的正确性和可行性.