Dynamics and de-spin control of massive target by single tethered space tug

This paper investigates the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target by a single tethered space tug in the post-capture phase. The dynamic model of the tethered system is derived and simplified to a dimensionless form. Further, a decoupled PD controller is proposed, and the local stability of the controller is analyzed by linearization technique. Parametric studies of the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target are conducted to characterize the dynamic process of de-spin with the proposed control law. It is shown that the massive target can be de-span by a single and small space tug with limited thrust within finite time. The thrust tangent with the tether de-spins the target while the thrust normal to the tether prevents the tether from winding up the target. The tether length has a positive contribution to the de-spin of a target. The longer tether leads to a faster de-spin process.     

Hypervelocity impact induced shock acoustic emission waves for quantitative damage evaluation using in situ miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network

Manmade debris and natural meteoroids, travelling in the Low Earth Orbit at a speed of several kilometers per second, pose a severe safety concern to the spacecraft in service through the HyperVelocity Impact(HVI). To address this issue, an investigation of shock Acoustic Emission(AE) waves induced by HVI to a downscaled two-layer Whipple shielding structure is performed,to realize a quantitative damage evaluation. Firstly a hybrid numerical model integrating smoothparticle hydrodynamics and finite element is built to obtain the wave response. The projectiles, with various impact velocities and directions, are modelled to impact the shielding structure with different thicknesses. Then experimental validation is carried out with built-in miniaturized piezoelectric sensors to in situ sense the HVI-induced AE waves. A quantitative agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental results, demonstrating the correctness of the hybrid model and facilitating the explanation of obtained AE signals in experiment. Based on the understanding of HVI-induced wave components, assessment of the damage severity, i.e., whether the outer shielding layer is perforated or not, is performed using the energy ratio between the regions of ‘‘high frequency" and ‘‘low frequency" in the acquired AE signals. Lastly, the direct-arrival fundamentalsymmetric wave mode is isolated from each sensing signal to be input into an enhanced delay-andsum algorithm, which visualizes HVI spots accurately and instantaneously with different sensor network configuration. All these works demonstrate the potential of quantitative, in situ, and real time HVI monitoring using miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network.     

纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却特性实验

针对加力燃烧室纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却效果开展了细致的实验研究,利用红外热像仪测量了隔热屏壁面的温度分布,分析了隔热屏板型、吹风比、开孔率等参数对气膜冷却效率的影响。实验中板型选取了平板和纵向波纹隔热屏,吹风比变化范围是0.5~3.0,开孔率变化范围是1.4%~3.7%。结果表明:相比于平板隔热屏的气膜冷却效率沿程逐渐增加,纵向波纹隔热屏的气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏而起伏且大于平板隔热屏;随着吹风比的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,在吹风比为3.0时达到最大值;气膜冷却效率在波峰处低,波谷处高,整体上随波纹板的起伏而波动,吹风比越小,气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏变化越明显;高吹风比(吹风比为2.0~3.0)下,气膜冷却效率沿程变化与增幅较为缓慢;整体上,随着开孔率的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,小开孔率(开孔率为1.4%、2.7%)下的气膜冷却效率相差不大,但在次流背风侧,开孔率小的气膜冷却效率要小于开孔率大的气膜冷却效率。      

应用于超级电容储能系统的双向DC/DC变换器混沌控制方法研究

超级电容储能系统(SCESS)主要通过对双向DC/DC变换器进行控制来快速平抑直流母线电压的波动。为了抑制控制过程中所产生的一些分岔和混沌现象,提出了一种应用于SCESS的混沌控制方法。分析了该方法的控制原理,并根据非线性动力学理论建立了双向DC/DC变换器的离散迭代模型;然后设计了一种能够自动调节补偿斜率的混沌控制信号;最后对该信号作用下的异步切换函数和同步切换映射式进行了数值求解,从而绘出系统分叉图。通过仿真和试验证明,该方法能够有效抑制SCESS的分岔和混沌现象,提高了系统的稳定工作范围和动态响应速度。     

Six sigma robust design optimization for thermal protection system of hypersonic vehicles based on successive response surface method

Lightweight design is important for the Thermal Protection System(TPS) of hypersonic vehicles in that it protects the inner structure from severe heating environment. However, due to the existence of uncertainties in material properties and geometry, it is imperative to incorporate uncertainty analysis into the design optimization to obtain reliable results. In this paper, a six sigma robust design optimization based on Successive Response Surface Method(SRSM) is established for the TPS to improve the reliability and robustness with considering the uncertainties. The uncertain parameters related to material properties and thicknesses of insulation layers are considered and characterized by random variables following normal distributions. By employing SRSM, the values of objective function and constraints are approximated by the response surfaces to reduce computational cost. The optimization is an iterative process with response surfaces updating to find the true optimal solution. The optimization of the nose cone of hypersonic vehicle cabin is provided as an example to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

磁场对高电压霍尔推力器性能影响研究

为研究磁场构型、磁场强度对高电压霍尔推力器主要性能的影响机理,以HET-200推力器为对象,采用固定磁场构型和不固定磁场构型两种方案进行实验研究。结果表明,在不固定构型的情况下增强磁场,放电电流存在两个极小值,效率也存在相应的两个极大值;但当固定磁场构型时,则放电电流只有一个最小值,效率也只有一个最大值。以最优效率下的磁场构型为基准,获得了磁场与电压、磁场与流量的匹配关系分别为B_(r, max)∝V~(0.7),B_(r, max)∝m。     

氦气鼓泡法获取液氢过冷度的传热传质研究

为了更好地理解氦气鼓泡获取液氢过冷度的冷却行为,优化设计冷却系统,基于集总参数法,建立了氦气鼓泡冷却系统的热力学模型,考虑了气泡界面能和压力对系统冷却效果的影响,分析了氦气注入液氢内时瞬时传热传质过程,讨论了各个影响因素。与液氢试验数据对比,热力学模型的计算值与实验值吻合良好,表明该模型可精确预测氦气鼓泡冷却液氢的热力学过程。研究了相关因素对过冷度的影响,结果表明:采用氦气鼓泡方法可将液氢过冷至三相点处;在额定工况下,氦气消耗量基本上是液氢消耗量的7倍;增加氦气鼓泡速率、降低氦气鼓泡温度、减少环境热侵、减小贮箱气枕压力,均可有效改善液氢过冷度。     

纤维方向对CFRP钻削温度场分布和孔壁质量的影响

为研究CFRP不同纤维方向对其钻孔温度场分布和孔壁质量的影响,对不同纤维方向角处切削形式进行理论分析和ABAQUS仿真分析,并结合CFRP单向板、正交板和准各向同性板的钻削温度分布测试试验与钻削温度场仿真分析。结果表明,碳纤维方向对钻削温度场的分布规律影响很大;通过电子显微镜和共聚焦显微镜对不同纤维方向角处孔壁质量观测对比,发现纤维方向角在θ=0°、θ=45°和θ=90°处孔壁质量较好,在θ=135°处孔壁质量较差。     

叶顶压力侧小翼对跨声速涡轮级气动性能影响的数值研究

为了研究涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动有效控制的方式,本文将肋条小翼结构这种被动流动控制技术应用于涡轮级动叶叶顶中,以控制跨声速涡轮级叶顶间隙泄漏流动并改善其气动性能.通过数值模拟方法,分析了采用平顶方案、肋条方案和小翼肋条方案的涡轮级气动性能和叶顶间隙流动特性,研究了变间隙条件下小翼肋条方案对间隙泄漏流的控制效果,深入探讨小翼...     

镁合金新材料及制备加工新技术发展与应用

镁合金是国际公认的最有潜力的轻量化材料之一,被誉为"21世纪绿色工程金属",其突出的结构减重效果有望解决我国关键装备和重大工程中迫切的轻量化问题.本文综述了近年来镁合金新材料的发展、镁合金制备加工新技术进展以及镁合金的应用发展现状,对当前镁合金领域存在的缺点进行了总结,并对镁合金未来发展重点及主要任务进行了展望.