肼混合物胶体推进剂的热分解特性研究

为了评估肼混合物胶体推进剂的热安全性,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和绝热加速量热仪(ARC),对肼混合物胶体推进剂的热分解特性进行了研究。DSC的实验结果表明,在2,5,10和20K·min-1四种升温速率下推进剂的初始热分解温度分别为185.73,227.20,230.37和245.19℃;根据DSC的试验结果,利用Kissinger法计算得到热分解活化能为181.80k J·mol-1。在ARC实验中,肼混合物胶体推进剂在理想绝热条件下的初始分解温度为180.58℃,最大温升速率达到0.6237°C·min-1,绝热温升为227.92℃,最高温度为408.50℃,计算得到其热分解活化能为121.77k J·mol-1。比较DSC与ARC的试验结果,两者基本一致;热分析试验中推进剂先经历相变吸热过程,再进行分解放热。     

Impulse feature extraction method for machinery fault detection using fusion sparse coding and online dictionary learning

Impulse components in vibration signals are important fault features of complex machines. Sparse coding(SC) algorithm has been introduced as an impulse feature extraction method, but it could not guarantee a satisfactory performance in processing vibration signals with heavy background noises. In this paper, a method based on fusion sparse coding(FSC) and online dictionary learning is proposed to extract impulses efficiently. Firstly, fusion scheme of different sparse coding algorithms is presented to ensure higher reconstruction accuracy. Then, an improved online dictionary learning method using FSC scheme is established to obtain redundant dictionary and it can capture specific features of training samples and reconstruct the sparse approximation of vibration signals. Simulation shows that this method has a good performance in solving sparse coefficients and training redundant dictionary compared with other methods. Lastly, the proposed method is further applied to processing aircraft engine rotor vibration signals. Compared with other feature extraction approaches, our method can extract impulse features accurately and efficiently from heavy noisy vibration signal, which has significant supports for machinery fault detection and diagnosis.     

卫星在空间碎片撞击下的易损性分析方法研究

针对厘米/毫米级空间碎片对卫星的撞击风险评估,在对卫星部件的失效模式及影响分析（FMEA）的基础上,结合射线跟踪法和失效树分析法建立一种卫星目标的易损性分析方法,计算卫星在空间碎片撞击下导致不同损伤等级的系统失效概率PK/H。详细介绍了该易损性分析方法的总体思路和各项关键技术,并给出了应用实例。该方法可推广应用于载人航天器上,对于航天器的撞击风险评估和防护结构优化设计有重要意义。     

空间激光通信进展及在天基网中应用构想

在分析国内外空间激光通信技术研究进展和试验验证的基础上,按照"全球覆盖、重点支持、便于组网、便于管理"的原则,重点对未来激光链路卫星星座构型进行研究,提出了基于已有轨位的4节点GEO(Geostationary Earth Orbit,地球静止轨道)星座、基于已有轨位的6节点GEO星座以及激光/微波卫星共存下空间激光宽带网络发展构想;采用高效资源分配算法和智能化运行管理系统,支持我国数百个航天器、非航天器的在线管理和高速数据传输服务,可以满足我国天基平台和全球骨干节点的高速数据传输需求。通过分析论证,提出构建我国的空间激光宽带网络,需要在超长距离激光通信技术、激光链路自主建立技术、星地激光大气效应研究、空间激光宽带网络协议、卫星星座智能管理技术等关键技术和重点研究方向上集智攻关,取得突破性进展,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

基于预测控制的SPMSM直接转矩控制最优电压矢量选择策略

针对传统开关表实现的表贴式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制中不合理转矩脉动的问题,提出了最优电压矢量选择策略。依据电压矢量对转矩和磁链的作用规律得到电压矢量选择区间表,建立了磁链和转矩误差成本函数,基于预测控制对区间内的电压矢量进行最优选择,并采用空间矢量调制技术实现。仿真结果表明:所提最优电压矢量选择策略可完全消除因开关表选择电压矢量不当引起的不合理转矩脉动,使得转矩平均误差降低58%、峰值误差降低67%,定子磁链幅值均值误差降低28%、峰值误差降低53%,同时由于采用了空间矢量调制技术,从而使得逆变器开关频率恒定。     

基于LBM-LES方法两栖水翼航行器水动特性分析

目前,国内外对于两栖航行器气动/水动特性的研究仍处于探索与发展阶段。结合鱼雷及水翼船的特点,提出一种通过改变外形实现水下、水面航行的新型两栖水翼航行器。基于LBM-LES方法对航行器水动特性进行数值仿真,得到航行器在水下、水面航行时的升力、阻力曲线。结果表明:在水下航行时,收缩水翼的航行器在较小的迎角范围内阻力较小,适合高速航行;在水面航行时,展开的水翼增大了航行器的升力、减小了阻力;通过改变外形航行器能够满足在水下、水面的航行要求,其外形设计及两栖航行性能还有较大的优化空间。     

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.     

激光超高温度梯度快速凝固条件下Cu-Mn合金的组织演化规律

利用CWCO2激光器对Cu-26.6wt%Mn,Cu-27.3wt%Mn和Cu-31.4wt%Mn三种不同成分的合金进行了一系列表面熔凝实验,并对这三种合金的组织形态选择规律进行了研究.实验结果表明,重熔区组织较基体组织大大细化;随着生长速度的增大,Cu-26.6wt%Mn合金的组织由低速胞晶向枝晶、高速胞晶及完全无偏析固溶体转变.在所有凝固速度下Cu-27.3wt%Mn和Cu-31.4wt%Mn合金中没有枝晶组织出现,以全胞晶形式生长.三种合金达到绝对稳定的临界速度分别为113.3,212.6和260.5mm/s,与M-S理论预言的绝对稳定临界速度相吻合.     

小波降噪与快速包络谱峭度相结合的轴承组件故障诊断技术

作为飞轮重要的旋转支撑部件,轴承组件的性能对飞轮寿命有着重大影响,因此如何在早期对轴承组件进行筛选显得尤为重要。轴承组件在故障初期,其故障特征比较微弱,故障信号很容易淹没在背景噪声信号中,给轴承组件的早期故障判断和定位带来了很大的困难。本文以飞轮常用轴承组件为研究对象,基于快速包络谱峭度的振动测试方法,先通过对采集的轴承组件振动信号进行小波降噪,提高特征信号的信噪比,然后对振动信号进行全频段的峭度分析,可以对轴承组件进行早期的故障诊断并进行故障定位,得到轴承组件故障频率,为后续轴承组件故障诊断研究提供方法手段。