无网格方法中含参数指数权函数的研究

选择合适的权函数及相应的影响半径是无网格方法中很重要的问题,在引入数值紧支域概念的基础上分析了含参数的指数权函数中参数的选取范围,综合考虑计算效率和精度后给出了参数的选取原则,并讨论了在特定的参数下的最优半径以及不同参数对最优半径的影响.     

构筑内陆开放型人才高地的对策研究

建设内陆开放型人才高地是中原经济区建设的一个重要任务.先进城市的人才建设经验主要有:引进与培养相结合、培养机制多元化、发挥高校的核心作用和理论联系实际.河南省的人才高地建设应由政府主导,完善人才引进机制；扶持重点产业,鼓励企业培养和吸引创新人才；改革高等教育,着力培养大批高素质的开放型人才；联系实际,实现人才本土化和国际化相结合.     

我国企业债券信用评级存在的问题与对策

由于我国企业债券发展时间短,在发展过程中出现了许多问题.其中,企业债券信用评级的不完善是一个重要方面.文章分析了我国企业债券信用评级的现状和存在的问题,并借鉴美国发展企业债券信用评级的经验,进而提出规范发展我国企业债券信用评级问题的五点对策.     

微喷管内声速点位置及临界压比

为提高微型空间推进器和微型气体涡轮机等微型器件的性能,利用有限体积法求解二维可压缩N-S方程模拟了扩张比为1.7的收缩-扩张微喷管内部的流场结构和温度分布,研究了尺度效应对微喷管内部流场结构的影响,计算中微喷管的喉部宽度为1～200μm.数值结果表明：在扩张比和进出口压力相同的条件下,微喷管出口马赫数随着微喷管尺度的减小而减小.微喷管内首次出现声速点的位置随着喷管尺度的缩小从喷管喉部逐渐移向喷管出口,临界压比值随着喷管尺度的减小而减小.     

BDS-3时间频率传递方法及其性能分析

我国独立自主建设的全球卫星导航系统——北斗三号（BDS-3），在2018年底已完成基本系统建设，计划2020年底全面建成并正式为全球用户提供定位、导航和授时服务。考虑到BDS-3系统与BDS-2区域系统在覆盖范围、卫星载荷、信号设计等方面的差异，其远程时间传递的性能有待进一步分析研究。利用GNSS时间传递中的共视法和载波相位时间传递方法，基于国际时间实验室BDS-2和BDS-3的短基线、长基线时间传递链路，对其时间传递链路的噪声水平和频率稳定度进行定量分析。实验结果表明，对于共视法，在时间传递的噪声水平和频率稳定度方面，BDS-3都明显优于BDS-2；长基线链路的精度为1.48ns（BDS-3）和3.13ns（BDS-2），短基线链路的精度为0.65ns（BDS-3）和1.02ns（BDS-2）。对于载波相位方法，BDS-3和BDS-2时间传递的噪声水平相当，长基线链路的精度为0.20ns，短基线链路的精度为0.02ns；但在频率稳定度方面，BDS-3优于BDS-2。     

电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中的应用

叙述了电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中应用。首先,分析了电容式传感器在飞机燃油测量系统中工作的基本原理:因燃油液面位置变化而使电容量产生变化,将其转化为实时电信号,可以实现对飞机油箱油量变化的实时测量。其次,分析了测量误差产生的原因,并提出了改进措施。     

Progress on Microgravity Sciences in China

The main progress of the research activities on microgravity fluid physics, combustion, biotechnology research and fundamental Physics in China are briefly summarized in the present paper. The major space missions and experimental results obtained on board the Chinese recoverable/nonrecoverable satellites and the Chinese manned spaceship named "Shen Zhou" are presented summarily. The recent main activities of the ground-based studies in China are introduced in brief.     

用不均匀钢带法测量对流换热系数的测量技术研究

对用不均匀钢带进行换热测量做了研究。制作了贴有14块扇形不均匀加热钢带作为测量面的换热盘。推导了计算不均匀加热钢带热流密度的三种不同的关系式,并对他们做了比较验证。计算了造成主要测温误差的热阻,方法是采用热电偶和热像仪相结合来比较他们的测温结果。对换热盘进行测试验证的结果表明其可以进行旋转盘的换热测量。通过换热实验,采用不均匀钢带加热、热电偶测温和遥测仪采集数据的方法,由测量出的盘面温度分布计算换热系数。     

基于自抗扰技术的挠性航天器高精度指向控制

针对存在外部干扰和模型不确定性的挠性航天器,提出了一类新颖的基于自抗扰技术的控制方案,实现无姿态角速度反馈的航天器对目标高精度姿态指向控制。对目标相对姿态指向控制系统进行建模,引入一光滑连续秦函数,构造三阶扩张观测器,观测系统姿态角速度和总扰动,并利用其实现动态补偿线性化及扰动抑制。针对单框架控制力矩陀螺群作为执行机构常存在的奇异,引入零空间空转指令设计了一类奇异避免操纵律。将控制系统方案用于某挠性航天器模型,仿真结果验证了方案的有效性、合理性。     

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.