基于RCMAC网络的动态逆再入制导方法研究

针对升力式再入飞行器的制导问题,首先利用准平衡滑翔原理给出标准的阻力加速度．速度剖面,并对阻力加速度跟踪制导原理进行分析,然后利用自回归小脑模型神经网络（RCMAC）网络良好的非线性逼近能力、泛化能力和自学习能力,采用基于RCMAC网络的动态逆方法实现对阻力加速度的跟踪,并证明闭环系统的稳定性．三自由度仿真结果表明,该制导方式降低了动态逆方法对模型的依赖,增强了制导系统的鲁棒性．     

磁拓扑结构对环型离子推力器放电性能的影响

为得到环型离子推力器最佳磁拓扑结构以有效提高推力器放电效率、降低放电损耗,对不同类型磁拓扑结构下的放电通道气体放电过程进行研究。采用PIC MCC数值计算方法对等离子体产生及运输过程进行数值模拟,分析磁场分布对等离子体密度分布、电子损耗率及放电稳定性的影响,结合统计结果,得到推力器放电性能曲线,最后进行试验验证。研究结果表明,相较多极场结构,环尖场磁构型能更好地约束电子运动,大幅降低其在阳极壁面损耗率,增加电子与中性原子碰撞概率,显著提高放电效率、降低放电损耗。     

现场校准试验用便携式γ射线照射装置研制

固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表是承担环境连续监测任务的主要设备,这类仪表通常不便于拆卸和安装,而且送检周期较长（一周左右）,影响了连续监测点数据的连续性。为了固定式仪表的按期校准,结合蒙卡方法研制了便携式γ射线照射装置,利用PTW剂量计对辐射场进行标定,最后利用便携式照射装置对固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表进行现场校准实验。     

基于近场散射的颗粒粒径分布测量

针对传统的前向小角散射粒径测量系统中心光过强、杂散光干扰、散射角过小等缺点,本文采用一种新型的近场散射(NFS)方法测量前向小角散射光,研究并搭建了基于近场散射的颗粒粒径测量系统,将最大散射角提高到40.5°;在无需空白测量的情况下采用差分方法对透射光和散射光干涉成的散斑图像进行处理,有效去除中心光和杂散光的影响;对差分散斑图像进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT)频谱处理得到散射光强分布,利用Chahine算法对颗粒粒径进行了反演。最后,利用已知粒径(39.2μm和67.3μm)的标准颗粒对测量系统的准确性进行了单峰分布的验证,测量误差在5%之内;对于粒径为39.2μm和67.3μm的混合颗粒进行了双峰分布验证,在43.3μm和74.1μm处出现峰值,测量误差在10%左右。     

航天器周期时变模态参数闭环在轨辨识的子空间方法

考虑在轨闭环航天器的参数辨识,利用子空间方法辨识大型闭环航天器的周期时变模态参数和控制器的增益参数.讨论了反馈控制器增益矩阵在状态空间方程中的坐标变换情况.利用该方法对所建立的ETS-Ⅷ卫星模型的模态参数和控制器增益参数进行辨识,通过验证闭环系统的响应值,说明该方法在航天器的模态参数闭环辨识中是有效的.     

卫星测控信号的调制类型自动识别算法

研究了应用于卫星测控信号的自动调制识剐算法，提出了FM和PM测控信号识剐的两种算法，分析并仿真验证了载频偏移对正确识别率的影响，研究了载频偏移估计算法对消除载频偏移影响的效果。计算机仿真实验表明：在基于瞬时相位标准偏差σdp为关键特征的算法中，采用最小二乘原理估计频偏可以有效地消除载频偏移和部分噪声的影响；基于瞬时折叠相位偏差σ1Wp的算法在载频偏移为100Hz，信噪比高于-6dB时，其识别率可达100％。     

BP神经网络用于传感器故障诊断的仿真研究

在标准逆传播神经网络的基础上 ,提出了一种全新的改进逆传播神经网络 ,用来消除标准逆传播神经网络收敛速度慢和易陷入局部最小点的缺陷 ;并且设计了一个主神经网络和三个分布神经网络的结构 ,通过神经网络的在线学习 ,得到需要的参数估计。用它与传感器测得的实际值比较 ,可判断出故障 ,并且给出了仿真实例。     

Imaging interplanetary CMEs at radio frequency from solar polar orbit

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a great concentration of mass and energy input into the lower corona. They have come to be recognized as the major driver of physical conditions change in the Sun–Earth system. Consequently, observations of CMEs are important for understanding and ultimately predicting space weather conditions. This paper discusses a proposed mission, the Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) mission, which will observe the propagation of interplanetary CMEs to distances of near 0.35 AU from the Sun. The orbit of SPORT is an elliptical solar polar orbit. The inclination angle between the orbit and ecliptic plane should be about 90°. The main payload on board SPORT will be an imaging radiometer working at the meter wavelength band (radio telescope), which can follow the propagation of interplanetary CMEs. The images that are obtained by the radio telescope embody the brightness temperature of the objectives. Due to the very large size required for the antenna aperture of the radio telescope, we adopt interferometric imaging technology to reduce it. Interferometric imaging technology is based on indirect spatial frequency domain measurements plus Fourier transformation. The SPORT spacecraft will also be equipped with a set of optical and in situ measurement instruments such as a EUV solar telescope, a solar wind ion instrument, an energetic particle detector, a magnetometer, a wave detector and a solar radio burst spectrometer.     

Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing,an excellent candidate producer for CELSS

Some phytoplankton can be regarded as possible candidates in the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) for some intrinsic characteristics, the first characteristic is that they should grow rapidly, secondly, they should be able to endure some stress factors and develop some corresponding adaptive strategies; also it is very important that they could provide food rich in nutritious protein and vitamins for the crew; the last but not the least is they can also fulfill the other main functions of CELSS, including supplying oxygen, removing carbon dioxide and recycling the metabolic waste. According to these characteristics, Nostoc sphaeroides, a potential healthy food in China, was selected as the potential producer in CELSS. It was found that the oxygen average evolution rate of this algae is about 150 μmol O₂ mg⁻¹ h⁻¹, and the size of them are ranged from 2 to 20 mm. Also it can be cultured with high population density, which indicated that the potential productivity of Nostoc sphaeroides is higher than other algae in limited volume. We measured the nutrient contents of the cyanobacterium and concluded it was a good food for the crew. Based on above advantages, Nostoc sphaeroides was assumed to a suitable phytoplankton for the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System. We plan to develop suitable bioreactor with the cyanobacterium for supplying oxygen and food in future space missions.     

网络系统的容错控制、优化与博弈研究综述

网络系统是一类由多个子系统通过机械或通信相互耦合所构成的系统。该系统由于其结构复杂、耦合机制多变,具有较高发生故障的概率。随着近几年人工智能的快速发展,网络系统除了可能发生物理故障,还可能存在恶意决策,为系统的安全性带来了新的威胁。本文首先针对网络系统的物理故障,从容错控制和容错优化两个角度总结和梳理当前国内外相关的研究成果。接着,沿着容错博弈控制技术发展的脉络,从博弈控制到分别面向物理故障和恶意决策的容错博弈控制,总结了相关的研究成果。进一步,梳理了当前博弈论在集群飞行器中的应用现状,并以此抛砖引玉,希望推动容错博弈成果在航空航天领域中的应用。最后给出了几个未来值得探索的研究方向。