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911.
Thermal drill sampling system onboard high-velocity impactors for exploring the subsurface of Europa
P. Weiss K.L. Yung N. Kömle S.M. Ko E. Kaufmann G. Kargl 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
The planned Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM) will provide a unique opportunity to place scientific instruments onto the surface of Jupiter’s moon Europa in the late 2020s. After the Galileo mission, this will be a long awaited chance to have a close glimpse into some of the mysteries of this moon. Care must be taken in the choice of in-situ science that will be undertaken on the surface. 相似文献
912.
Bela G. Fejer 《Space Science Reviews》2011,158(1):145-166
The low latitude ionosphere is strongly affected by several highly variable electrodynamic processes. Over the last two decades
ground-based and satellite measurements and global numerical models have been extensively used to study the longitude-dependent
climatology of low latitude electric fields and currents. These electrodynamic processes and their ionospheric effects exhibit
large ranges of temporal and spatial variations during both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed conditions. Numerous recent studies
have investigated the short term response of equatorial electric fields and currents to lower atmospheric transport processes
and solar wind-magnetosphere driving mechanisms. This includes the large electric field and current perturbations associated
with arctic sudden stratospheric warming events during geomagnetic quiet times and highly variable storm time prompt penetration
and ionospheric disturbance dynamo effects. In this review, we initially describe recent experimental and numerical modeling
results of the global climatology and short term variability of quiet time low latitude electrodynamic plasma drifts. Then,
we examine the present understanding of equatorial electric field and current perturbation fields during periods of enhanced
geomagnetic activity. 相似文献
913.
A technological process of removing a complex-shaped ceramic core from the interior of GTE thin-walled blade castings is considered. We propose an aluminium oxide-based method for removing a core by leaching accompanied by process intensification with a carboxylic acid additive. 相似文献
914.
S. A. Danilova 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2007,50(3):344-348
A problem on dynamic determination of a time interval in scheduling aperiodic requests in real-time systems is considered. It is shown that the application of a combined approach based on the combination of the probability method and the method of fuzzy sets provides an effective problem solution. 相似文献
915.
A. B. Shigapov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2007,50(4):450-454
Based on the data on composition and calorific power of diesel fuel and solar oil, the conditional expressions of fuels and values of their enthalpies are considered. The data on thermodynamic properties of combustion products are obtained and generalized by calculating the process of air-fuel mixture combustion in a wide range of parameter variations. 相似文献
916.
O. N. Naumov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2012,55(2):164-169
The results of the statistical analysis for the rotational motion of a light descent capsule under deployment of the orbital cable system are presented. At mathematical simulation a cable is considered to be a weightless inextensible mechanical linkage. The cable is deployed according to the predetermined law. The basic spacecraft is oriented along the local geovertical by means of its own stabilization system. The simulation is carried out by the statistical testing method. The motion characteristics being studied include: modulus of the capsule angular velocity and the nutation angle at the final point of the cable deployment. 相似文献
917.
Non-standard situation on a spacecraft (Earth’s satellite) is considered, when there are no measurements of the spacecraft’s angular velocity component relative to one of its body axes. Angular velocity measurements are used in controlling spacecraft’s attitude motion by means of flywheels. The arising problem is to study the operation of standard control algorithms in the absence of some necessary measurements. In this work this problem is solved for the algorithm ensuring the damping of spacecraft’s angular velocity. Such a damping is shown to be possible not for all initial conditions of motion. In the general case one of two possible final modes is realized, each described by stable steady-state solutions of the equations of motion. In one of them, the spacecraft’s angular velocity component relative to the axis, for which the measurements are absent, is nonzero. The estimates of the regions of attraction are obtained for these steady-state solutions by numerical calculations. A simple technique is suggested that allows one to eliminate the initial conditions of the angular velocity damping mode from the attraction region of an undesirable solution. Several realizations of this mode that have taken place are reconstructed. This reconstruction was carried out using approximations of telemetry values of the angular velocity components and the total angular momentum of flywheels, obtained at the non-standard situation, by solutions of the equations of spacecraft’s rotational motion. 相似文献
918.
N Munakata K Makita D Bolsee D Gillotay G Horneck 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2000,26(12):1995-2003
Environmental UV radiation can be quantified using spore dosimetry, which measures the inactivation of repair-deficient Bacillus subtilis spores dried on a membrane filter. The system exhibits highly selective sensitivity to UV radiation, not being affected by various environmental adversities, such as high and low temperature and humidity. Biologically-effective dose rate and cumulative dose of ambient radiation are measurable under various conditions at various places on the earth, including tropical, temperate, and polar sites. Applications to monitor the exposure at the surface of organisms including humans and plants have also been advanced. 相似文献
919.
The spatial motion relative to the center of mass is considered for a capsule on an elastic tether, when it is unrolled from
a spacecraft by a special program. The spacecraft is in a circular orbit and oriented relative to the local vertical, which
is guaranteed by operation of its own stabilization system. Angular motion of the capsule relative to the tether direction
is studied, and the main factors influencing the stability of this motion are analyzed. An approximate quasi-linear mathematical
model of the capsule attitude motion is obtained, which allows one to estimate the influence of major disturbances of its
motion. The results of numerical simulations are presented for characteristic cases of the capsule motion. 相似文献
920.
Altitude—temporal cross-sections q(z, t) of atmospheric ionization rates by solar protons above the polar regions were calculated using the GOES-10 satellite data on solar proton fluxes for the period of solar proton flare (SPF) on July 14, 2000. The values of q(z, t) were used further in calculations of variations of the atmospheric chemical composition during the flare in the northern
and southern polar regions (70°N and 70°S) by two different 1D photochemical models of the atmosphere (neutral and charged
components). The calculation results have shown considerable variation of the ozone content after SPF: a decrease of [O3]
was about 80% at altitudes of 65–75 km above northern and 25% in the layer of 55–65 km above the southern polar region. Such
decrease of the ozone content is a result of reactions with [NO] and [OH] whose concentrations have grown substantially during
SPF. According to calculations, the increase of electron concentration during SPF has reached 3–4 orders of magnitude at altitudes
of 50–80 km. A comparison of the calculation results with the observational data on [NO], [NO2], and [O3] from the UARS and HALOE satellites for 70°N have shown a good qualitative correspondence, however, for variations of nitric oxides there are quantitative
discrepancies. 相似文献