Numerical investigation on the shock wave transition in a three-dimensional scramjet isolator

The scramjet isolator, which is used to prevent the hypersonic inlet from disturbances that arise from the pressure rise in the scramjet combustor due to the intense turbulent combustion, is one of the most critical components in hypersonic airbreathing propulsion systems. Any engineering error that is possible in the design and manufacturing procedure of the experimental model, and the intense heat release in the scramjet combustor, may cause the performance of the isolator to decrease, leading to its lack of capability in supporting the back pressure. The coupled implicit Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the two-equation standard k?ε turbulent model have been employed to numerically simulate the flow fields in a three-dimensional scramjet isolator. The effects of the divergent angle and the back pressure on the shock wave transition and the location of the leading edge of the shock wave train have been estimated and discussed. The obtained results show that the present numerical results are in very good agreement with the available experimental shadow-pictures, and the numerical method is more suitable for capturing the shock wave train and predicting the location of the leading edge of the shock wave train in the scramjet isolator than the present two-dimensional numerical methods. This is due to the small width-to-height ratio of the isolator and the intense three-dimensional flow structures. On increasing the divergent angle of the scramjet isolator, the static pressure along the central symmetrical line of the isolator decreases sharply. This is due to the strong expansion wave generated at the entrance of the isolator, and when the divergent angle of the isolator is sufficiently large, namely 1.5°, a zone of negative pressure is formed just ahead of the leading edge of the shock wave train. At the same time, the shock wave train varies from being oblique to being normal, and then back to oblique. With an increase in the prescribed back pressure at the exit of the scramjet isolator, the leading edge of the shock wave train moves forward towards the entrance of the isolator, and when the back pressure is sufficiently large, unstart conditions in the hypersonic inlet can take place if the shock train reaches the inlet.     

雅江峡谷里飘出的悠远牧歌

如黛的森林包围着绒毯一般的草地，散落其中的牛羊，随处可见的玛尼堆和褪色的五彩经幡……初看雅江，似乎与川西高原的任一处别无二致。然而细细深入，在雅砻江以东的祝桑乡地区，小木窗上绘着美丽图案的石头民居，温软动听的语言，以及悠扬雅致的锅庄……一切都体现出古老神秘的木雅文化所特有的母性亲近感；而以西160多公里的西俄洛乡却处处牧歌豪放，一派典型的康巴画卷。只要你探身而入，雅江的自然与人文之美自会让你沉醉。     

丁羟胶重均官能度及其与推进剂最佳固化参数相关性的研究

重均官能度具有按当量数分数加和的性质。利用实验数据统计处理的方法,证明了丁羟胶重均官能度与推进剂最佳固化参数线性相关,为选择丁羟固体推进剂的配方和装药最佳固化参数提供了依据。     

雅江峡谷里飘出的悠远牧歌

如黛的森林包围着绒毯一般的草地,散落其中的牛羊,随处可见的玛尼堆和褪色的五彩经幡……初看雅江,似乎与川西高原的任一处别无二致。然而细细深入,在雅砻江以东的祝桑乡地区,小木窗上绘着美丽图案的石头民居,温软动听的语言,以及悠扬雅致的锅庄……一切都体现出古老神秘的木雅文化所特有的母性亲近感;而以西160多公里的西俄洛乡却处处牧歌豪放,一派典型的康巴画卷。只要你探身而入,雅江的自然与人文之美自会让你沉醉。     

基于多处理机系统在超立方体上并行仿真BP神经网

摘 要 本文介绍了人工神经网络的基本实现途径，并对 Intel iPSC860／P超级计算机系统作了简介，给出了在超立方体上实现BP算法并进行并行仿真所得到的结论     

地形跟随系统的并行预测控制方法

本文基于脉动（Ｓｙｓｔｏｌｉｃ）阵列结构，提出了一种基于状态空间模型预测控制的并行算法，这种算法可以通过阵列结构并行实现，以满足地形跟随系统的实时控制参数合成的要求     

基于多机理竞争退化的导弹贮存可靠性分析

远程转换开关、无线电高度表、雷达角自动装置、陀螺仪和弹上电源是影响导弹长期贮存可靠性的关键部件.明确导弹贮存剖面,通过定期检测得到长期贮存条件下各关键部件的特征电压值,然后采用移动标准偏差方法描述了各特征电压值的贮存稳定性水平,并对其进行退化规律拟合求得各关键部件贮存寿命.提炼出10套导弹产品的各关键部件贮存寿命,通过分布假设检验和分布参数辨识,求得各关键部件的贮存可靠度模型,最后根据导弹产品随机性、分散性、多机理竞争特点,分析导弹产品在悲观和乐观情况下的可靠性结果.本文的研究思路和结论能为长期贮存条件下贮存类产品的贮存可靠性评估、贮存维护方案研究提供技术支撑.     

Mechanistic identification of cutting force coefficients in bull-nose milling process

An improved method to determine cutting force coefficients for bull-nose cutters is proposed based on the semi-mechanistic cutting force model. Due to variations of cutting speed along the tool axis in bull-nose milling, they affect coefficients significantly and may bring remarkable discrepancies in the prediction of cutting forces. Firstly, the bull-nose cutter is regarded as a finite number of axial discs piled up along the tool axis, and the rigid cutting force model is exerted. Then through discretization along cutting edges, the cutting force related to each element is recalculated, which equals to differential force value between the current and previous elements. In addition, coefficient identification adopts the cubic polynomial fitting method with the slice elevation as its horizontal axis. By calculating relations of cutting speed and cutting depth, the influences of speed variations on cutting force can be derived. Thereby, several tests are conducted to calibrate the coefficients using the improved method, which are applied to later force predictions. Eventually, experimental evaluations are discussed to verify the effectiveness. Compared to the conventional method, the results are more accurate and show satisfactory consistency with the simulations. For further applications, the method is instructive to predict the cutting forces in bull-nose milling with lead or tilt angles and can be extended to the selection of cutting parameters.     

关于某型飞机客舱舷窗组件设计的分析与研究

复合材料有着良好的可设计性和减重性能,客舱舷窗组件也在积极探索应用复合材料的可能。详细分析和探讨了某型飞机客舱舷窗组件的设计。     

航天器规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导

针对航天器近距离操作中的动态障碍物规避问题,研究了一种燃料较省、精度较高的规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导方法。首先,对于引入高斯函数形式斥力势会使势函数在收敛点处的值不为零的情况,对斥力势乘以修正项,使得在收敛点的势能为零,消除了平衡点的偏离;在规避静态障碍物的基础上,研究了规避动态障碍物的人工势函数制导。其次,根据速度与引力梯度之间的关系,设计负反馈,使引力势梯度“适应”速度的变化,研究了规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导。最后,采用精确的数学模型进行数值仿真,验证所设计的制导律的正确性和有效性,并与传统的人工势函数制导对比。仿真结果表明：采用修正势函数提高了收敛精度;自适应人工势函数制导控制脉冲作用施加更加合理,相比人工势函数而言,总速度脉冲消耗可节省30%,精度提高两个数量级。