Design and optimization of a novel electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system for heavy fuel aircraft piston engine

The heavy fuel compression ignition engines are widely equipped as aircraft piston engines. The fuel injection system is one of the key technologies that determines the performance of engine. One of the main challenges is to precisely control the injected fuel quantity and flow rate in the presence of pressure fluctuation. This challenge is even more serious for heavy fuel. An original design for electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system called Multi-Pumppressure-reservoirs fuel injection System(MPS) was demonstrated to reduce the pressure fluctuation and help keep injection stable. MPS was compared with an ordinary high pressure Common Rail fuel injection System(CRS). This work established one-dimensional AMESim and mathematical models for both CRS and MPS to study the effect of different structures and geometric parameters on the pressure fluctuations. The calculations show that the average fuel pressure fluctuation of MPS can be reduced by 57% for the crankshaft speed of 1900 r/min, and the pressure fluctuation before injection reduced by 100%. It is concluded that the pressure performance of MPS is less sensitive to pressure reservoir volume than that of CRS, and there is an opportunity for further volume reduction.     

Experimental study of a controlled variable double-baffle distortion generator engine test rig

In order to explore the total-pressure distortion test assessment method for a turbofan engine, a Controlled Variable Double-Baffle Distortion Generator(CVDBDG) with a horizontal symmetry moving form was developed, which can adjust the steady-state and time–variant distortion separately in real time. The inlet total-pressure distortion test was conducted on an afterburner turbofan engine. The distortion parameters of CVDBDG and the instability characteristics of the engine were measured. The experimental data were modeled and analyzed by using back propagation artificial neural networks, and the work envelope of CVDBDG was obtained. Based on the analysis of the data on the engine's instability, the properties of CVDBDG used for the stability assessment were preliminarily evaluated. The results show that CVDBDG can simulate both steady-state and time–variant distortions simultaneously in a range determined by three envelopes.Under the condition of symmetric double baffles, a critical depth of insertion exists, beyond which the symmetric baffles will generate an asymmetric flow field. In the case of double baffles, compared to a single baffle, the engine exhibited different instability characteristics. Based on CVDBDG, it is expected that more efficient engine stability and durability assessment methods can be developed.     

新型含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔树脂的制备与性能

以1,4-二(4’-乙炔苯氧基)苯与甲基苯基二氯硅烷为原料,通过格氏反应合成具有二苯醚结构的含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔(PSEA-P2)树脂,进而制备其碳纤维增强复合材料。通过核磁共振(1H-NMR)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、动态热机械分析(DMA)等分析手段对树脂及其复合材料的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明:PSEA-P2树脂加工窗口为110~175℃,适合复合材料模压成型;树脂浇铸体具有优良的力学强度和耐热性能,在室温~450℃未出现玻璃化转变,弯曲强度可达54.3MPa,氮气下热分解温度Td5达到531℃;T300碳纤维增强复合材料室温下弯曲强度可达518.0MPa,400℃下弯曲强度保留率为53%。     

基于全过程移动监督技术的感应电机定子绕组温度实时监测系统

随着物联网技术的发展,如何将物联网技术与非侵入式电力设备运行状态监测技术相结合成为当前研究热点之一。为了探索基于物联网技术的电气设备运行状态监测新模式,以感应电机定子绕组温度的非侵入式在线监测为出发点,首先提出了一种基于自适应法和最小二乘法的电机定子绕组温度辨识方法,并结合当前物联网技术的发展,设计了一种基于全过程监督技术的感应电机全寿命周期监督定子温度监测系统。以1台5.5 kW感应电机为例进行试验验证,结果表明该系统具有较强的鲁棒性。所提出的理念和技术可以为其他大型电力设备的状态监测提供重要参考和技术支撑。     

基于非结构网格流场超大规模并行计算

大规模并行的计算流体力学已成为现代航空工业研发的核心手段之一。基于非结构混合网格和有限体积法,发展了适用于工业级复杂外形气动计算的并行流动数值模拟方法。文中首先介绍了紧致数值离散格式、基于Metis的分布式多核系统网格分区技术、并行边界虚拟单元技术和MPI并行实现等相关算法。采用网格量相对较小的旋成体构型绕流模型对比分析多核并行计算结果与单核计算结果以验证并行计算的正确性,比较了不同并行规模下并行效率和残差收敛情况。然后通过对上亿网格单元的运输机复杂构型绕流模拟,开展并行效率的测试,结果表明,本文方法并行加速性能高,直到多达18816核并行效率都保持在80%以上。     

电机变频控制实现换热器节能的应用研究

结合寒冷地区气候特点与通信机房温控的现状,针对50%浓度乙二醇溶液为工质的换热器,试验研究了自然冷源利用率与换热器自身变频节能的关系。结合乙二醇冷剂的特性,通过建立功率与频率关系模型、温差与功率和频率关系模型,实现了换热器循环泵和风机的变频控制策略。结果表明:在室内外温差、换热功率与循环泵、风机频率同时满足的条件下,以功率模型作为参数进行换热器自身的变频节能是可行的。通过对哈尔滨地区的气候数据与散热房控温试验分析,证明了乙二醇换热器的变频节能效果。     

内外分区空间统一精度场建立方法研究

针对内外分区空间内结构和设备安装的数字化测量需求,研究内外参考点之间的关联技术,构建与外测量精度场相统一的内测量精度场。对于内外空间不同的开口数,利用多测点定位法、二测点和水平仪单站位定位法、二测点和水平仪双站位定位法等方法建立内精度场,实现与外精度场的统一。以某型设备为例进行试验表明,利用内外精度场测量同一检测点进行比较,测量的最大不一致误差为0.14 mm,证明构建模式可行、简单、可靠。     

基于对数正态分布的多部位疲劳结构的疲劳寿命预测方法

以实现多部位疲劳结构的寿命预测为目的,基于概率累积损伤法则,推导了基于寿命服从对数正态分布的概率疲劳寿命预测方法。根据损伤临界值与应力水平无关这一前提条件,将损伤临界值由传统确定性的值1转换为随机变量,累积损伤由确定性的中值损伤计算,建立了"中值累积损伤-概率损伤临界值"干涉模型。当对数寿命标准差恒定时,对比了所提出模型和基于Monte Carlo仿真的Miner累积损伤方法的寿命预测结果,验证了模型的准确性以及其方便快捷的优点;当对数寿命标准差变化时,损伤临界值由满足损伤等效的应力基准决定,此时亦可得到高精度的偏于安全的寿命预测结果。     

航空结构用环氧树脂基复合材料增韧技术的工艺研究

采用“离位”增韧技术对NY9200G／T300环氧树脂体系复合材料进行增韧,通过试验,将其与增韧前性能进行比较,结果表明：经过“离位”技术增韧,在基本保持NY9200G／T300复合材料力学性能和工艺性能的同时,大幅度地提高了该复合材料的韧性。     

一种W-V型宽带微带天线的设计与仿真

提出一种新型的宽带微带探针馈电贴片天线。天线采用空气介质层,在W形接地板顶端利用同轴探针馈电V形贴片电线,这种设计使探针在介质基板中长度较短,产生的电感较小,同时增加了介质基板的厚度,因此使天线得到较大的工作带宽。选择合适的天线尺寸,通过仿真软件HFSS测出的阻抗带宽（VSWR≤1．5）达到48．6％,覆盖2．12GHz-3．48GHz（S波段）频率范围。