品牌延伸的风险与防范

品牌延伸是指尽量利用已成功的品牌来推出改进型产品或者新产品.随着品牌在市场上的成功,企业的品牌资源意识也逐渐增强,他们希望成功的品牌带来更大的收益.经品牌延伸后,不同的产品彼此共享同样的品牌名称及其品牌意义.新产品的加入不可避免地对原有的品牌意义产生影响.这种影响可能是正面的,即加强原有品牌的识别力;也可能是负面的,即削弱了原有的品牌识别力.因此,品牌延伸不是任意的,品牌的识别意义界定了延伸的方向和最终过程.这个问题成为研究品牌延伸原理和决策的基本出发点.     

会议筹备优化设计

根据代表回执的住房要求数据,通过曲线拟合估计出本届与会代表人数,定义了距离数量指标和代表满意数量指标,并对指标赋予权重,再利用线性规划,建立优化模型,得到应预定的宾馆及每个宾馆应预定的房间;对会议室的租借问题,将各分组会议分为三个级别,并根据其重要性赋予相应的权重,再结合与会代表总人数,求得各级别会议的与会代表人数,选定会议室;对租车方案,以租车总费用最少为目标函数,以租借三种类型作为约束条件,建立优化模型,利用Lingo软件编程求解。     

空间站大型机构研究综述

分析了空间站大型机构的基本类型。综述了盘绕式太阳帆版展开机构、周边式对接机构、转位机构,以及大型机械臂的工作原理、性能特点、关键技术、适用范围和典型应用性能。讨论了空间环境机构的共性技术及主要发展趋势,可为我国空间站的建设与发展提供参考。     

识别无人机的无人值守光电告警系统

无人机的高速发展不仅为人类的生活带来了便利,同样也引发了各类安全问题。为此,近年来,我国重大涉密工业场所和交通枢纽为保障运行安全,积极建设了针对无人机的安防系统。光电告警系统是最重要的安防系统组件之一,其目的是识别目标和取得法律证据。介绍了一种针对无人机的无人值守光电告警系统,能够同时输出可见光和红外图像信息,并且能够自动识别目标类型。这套系统已经在我国重要的工业场所中成功应用,并取得了阶段性的成果,其成功的运行为后续智能化光电告警平台的发展奠定了基础。     

用Bézier曲线设计可展曲面

利用n次Bzier曲线作为设计曲线，给出了一种构造可展曲面的方法，允许Bzier控制顶点有较多的定位自由，有益于自由型可展曲面的设计。     

Reliability and safety analysis of redundant vehicle management computer system

Redundant techniques are widely adopted in vehicle management computer （VMC） to ensure that VMC has high reliability and safety. At the same time, it makes VMC have special characteristics, e.g., failure correlation, event simultaneity, and failure self-recovery. Accordingly, the reliability and safety analysis to redundant VMC system （RVMCS） becomes more difficult. Aimed at the difficulties in RVMCS reliability modeling, this paper adopts generalized stochastic Petri nets to establish the reliability and safety models of RVMCS. Then this paper analyzes RVMCS oper- ating states and potential threats to flight control system. It is verified by simulation that the reli- ability of VMC is not the product of hardware reliability and software reliability, and the interactions between hardware and software faults can reduce the real reliability of VMC obviously. Furthermore, the failure undetected states and false alarming states inevitably exist in RVMCS due to the influences of limited fault monitoring coverage and false alarming probability of fault mon- itoring devices （FMD）. RVMCS operating in some failure undetected states will produce fatal threats to the safety of flight control system. RVMCS operating in some false alarming states will reduce utility of RVMCS obviously. The results abstracted in this paper can guide reliable VMC and efficient FMD designs. The methods adopted in this paper can also be used to analyze other intelligent systems＇ reliability.     

单直管科氏质量流量计结构研究

科氏质量流量计是一种高精度的适应范围很广的流量计，通过检测管子上两路振动信号的相位差，就可以算出流经管道的质量流量。本文分析了影响流量计性能和精度的因素，从结构设计的角度提出了改进的方法，并给出了几种解决的方案。     

基于卷积神经网络的局部图像特征描述符算法

为提升基于图像序列三维重建的速度,解决传统局部特征描述符算法提取速度慢的问题,设计了一种基于深度学习的局部特征描述符网络。利用特征描述符网络实现对图像特征点的特征提取,结合本文采用的欧氏距离匹配准则,实现了对不同图像间特征点的匹配。算法对MVS数据集进行了验证,实验结果表明:提出的局部特征描述符算法实现了对图像特征点特征的快速准确的提取、匹配,与传统特征描述符算法相比,特征提取时间缩短了50%以上,特征点的匹配时间缩短了60%以上。相对于本算法中复杂结构的特征描述符网络,结构简单的泛化性更好,可拓展到航天领域的三维重建中。     

基于层面结构的三维闭合地质区块构造算法

复杂地质体几何模型的建立是油气勘探开发领域的一项重要工作,在介绍目前地质体几何建模方法的同时,分析了表面建模方法与实体建模方法相互之间的融合趋势,提出了一种基于三角网格模型的整体建模过程,并在地质体层面三角网格模型的基础上,提出了一种改进的半边数据结构,给出了一种三维地质体闭合区块结构的构造算法,该算法为进一步的地质体实体模型的建立奠定了基础,并且可应用于地震正演模拟计算,射线追踪和三维地质模型可视化等领域.     

Single crater-aided inertial navigation for autonomous asteroid landing

In this paper, a novel crater-aided inertial navigation approach for autonomous asteroid landing mission is developed. It overcomes the major deficiencies of existing approaches in the literature, which mainly focuses on the case where craters are abundant in the camera field of view. As a result, traditional crater based methods require at least three craters to achieve crater matching, which limits their application in final landing phase where craters are scarce in the camera’s field of view. In contrast, the proposed algorithm enables single crater based crater matching based on a novel 2D-3D crater re-projection model. The re-projection model adopts inertial measurements as a reference, and re-projects the 3D crater model onto descent images to achieve the matching to its counterpart. An asteroid landing simulation toolbox is developed to validate the performance of the proposed approach. Through comparison with the state-of-the-art local image feature and crater based navigation algorithms, the proposed approach is validated to achieve a competitive performance in terms of feature matching and pose estimation accuracy with a much lighter computational cost.