基于应变测量方法的卫星天线阵列变形检测

文章介绍了基于应变测量的卫星天线变形检测方法。该方法针对卫星天线在实际工作中产生的阵列形变,应用弹性力学的有关理论和解析方法,通过测量天线阵列单元面板表面的应变数据推导并拟合出天线阵列弯曲的挠度函数,绘制出天线阵列单元的变形构型。实验表明,该方法有较高的精度,能够为天线输出信号的相位校正控制提供依据。     

Fault self-repair strategy based on evolvable hardware and reparation balance technology

In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

机翼结构布局优化的并行子空间方法

机翼内部构件的布局优劣在很大程度上影响着机翼结构质量,因此进行布局优化设计尤为重要。采用并行子空间方法求解机翼结构布局优化的问题,将机翼结构布局设计问题分为梁站位优化、桁条优化和厚度优化三个并行的子空间,设计变量在各自的子空间内单独优化;各子空间优化结束后,在系统级中协调三个子空间的设计变量,保持最小质量的子空间的优化变量不变;采用近似一维搜索的方法协调其他子空间的设计变量,然后进行变量迭代直至收敛。结果表明:该方法具有较高的优化效率,能够取得较好的优化结果,具有实际工程应用价值。     

小型磁偏转质谱计性能实验研究

自主研发了小型磁偏转质谱计,并对其质量范围、分辨本领、灵敏度和最小可检分压力四个主要性能指标进行了实验测试和比对。结果表明,该质谱计的质量范围为（1~143）amu,相对N₂的分辨本领为1400,灵敏度为4.2×10^-5 A/Pa,最小可检分压力为9.5×10^-7 Pa。该测试和比对结果为磁偏转质谱计进一步的优化设计和性能提高奠定了重要基础。     

凹腔火焰稳定器阻力特性的实验研究

在超燃冲压发动机直连式实验中,模拟马赫数1.92、静温509K、静压86.6kPa来流,采用等截面燃烧室构型,利用推力测量系统对不同结构尺寸的开式凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力和热试阻力进行了研究。通过对深度分别为10,15,20mm,长深比4~10,后壁倾斜角18°~60°的凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力比较,实验表明凹腔火焰稳定器的冷流阻力与凹腔深度成正比;也与凹腔长深比成正比;并随后壁倾斜角的增大先减小后增大,在30°~60°范围内应存在一个角度使得冷流阻力最小。实验还以氢气为燃料,利用火花塞点火器进行点火,在燃烧模态下对不同喷注位置、不同当量比时的凹腔火焰稳定器阻力特性进行了对比,结果表明凹腔火焰稳定器的热试阻力比冷流阻力小,且受燃料喷注方式的影响较大;在实际超燃冲压发动机工况下,凹腔火焰稳定器的阻力随着当量比的增加而减小,并最终会表现为正推力。     

某型发动机新件涡轮叶片叶冠掉块故障分析

为排除某型发动机新件涡轮叶片叶冠掉块故障,对故障件进行尺寸检测、加工制造工艺复查、断口分析、结构和强度分析等,认为:引发故障的主要原因是叶冠转接R不圆滑、存在尖角,造成应力集中;而相邻原机件叶片弦宽尺寸超差,锯齿形工作接触面积小,以及非工作面局部碰磨,是引发故障的次要因素。采取并验证了有针对性的排故措施。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的普通高校招生人数预测研究

近年来普通高校的发展速度与规模,使社会大众兴起了对教育质量与总量的关注。普通高校招生数预测是制定教育政策的重要依据。针对中国文化教育的特征,在统计学习理论和结构风险最小化原理的基础上,建立了基于最小二乘支持向量机的时间序列预测模型。预测结果表明该模型具有较高的预测精度,为普通高校招生数预测提供了一条新的途径。     

剪切稀化非牛顿射流撞击液膜破碎直接数值模拟

液态射流撞击是液体火箭推进系统中广泛采用的一种燃料雾化方法,其破碎特征直接影响燃料最终的掺混及燃烧效率。采用直接数值模拟（DNS）工具,研究了低雷诺数（Re_l=41）和中等韦伯数（We_l=163）条件下剪切稀化非牛顿射流撞击液膜破碎的问题,着重分析了对角液膜的三维结构、破碎特征和非牛顿特性等。研究结果表明：在所研究的射流参数下,该非牛顿撞击液膜破碎属于Open Rim类别,破碎过程具有三维特性并伴随液丝与边缘的融合、液丝向液滴的转变等时域流动特征。液体的总表面积随时间不断增长,但单位表面积随液膜破碎的发生而下降,液膜扩张半角随时间逐渐增加并趋于恒定值43°,而后部液膜的长度几乎不随时间发生变化。此外,撞击液膜表现出明显的剪切稀化特性,液体内部最低黏性系数仅为零剪切黏性系数的1/5。     

大型水陆两栖飞机增升装置特殊设计综述

为掌握大型水陆两栖飞机增升装置工程设计的基本原理和主要技术,设计出满足较高气动力与水动力性能要求的高效增升装置,围绕两栖飞机增升装置的特殊设计方法开展了系统研究。通过对比分析两栖飞机与常规陆基飞机增升装置的技术特征与设计差异,在综合分析国内外典型两栖飞机增升装置的类型及设计特点的基础上,针对两栖飞机的快速性、喷溅性和抗浪性指标,对增升装置在使用和设计环节中相关影响要素进行了详细阐述。依据两栖飞机的使用环境以及使用要求,探讨了气动力与水动力耦合设计对两栖飞机增升装置的重要性,分析了水面喷溅、近水面效应、机构偏转限制等对增升装置的影响机理和影响规律,剖析了增升装置设计与抗浪指标的内在联系,对增升装置下偏量的选取方法给出建议。结合大量水动力、气动力试验和数值模拟数据,总结提炼出了与工程实际紧密结合的两栖飞机增升装置特殊设计原则。依据本文总结的设计方法完成的增升装置方案,已成功应用于我国正在研制的某大型水陆两栖飞机。通过风洞及水动力试验验证,结果表明该飞机越过阻力峰后未发生主喷溅冲击增升装置的现象,耐波性预报表明该飞机的抗浪能力满足预定的技术要求,从而进一步验证了本文提出的增升装置设计思路和设计方法的可行性,且具有较强的工程应用价值,可为两栖飞机增升装置的设计提供可靠的设计参考。