排序方式: 共有160条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Matthew A. Siegler Suzanne E. Smrekar Matthias Grott Sylvain Piqueux Nils Mueller Jean-Pierre Williams Ana-Catalina Plesa Tilman Spohn 《Space Science Reviews》2017,211(1-4):259-275
The 2018 InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) Mission has the mission goal of providing insitu data for the first measurement of the geothermal heat flow of Mars. The Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3) will take thermal conductivity and thermal gradient measurements to approximately 5 m depth. By necessity, this measurement will be made within a few meters of the lander. This means that thermal perturbations from the lander will modify local surface and subsurface temperature measurements. For HP3’s sensitive thermal gradient measurements, this spacecraft influence will be important to model and parameterize. Here we present a basic 3D model of thermal effects of the lander on its surroundings. Though lander perturbations significantly alter subsurface temperatures, a successful thermal gradient measurement will be possible in all thermal conditions by proper (\(>3~\mbox{m}\) depth) placement of the heat flow probe. 相似文献
42.
The Juno Radiation Monitoring (RM) Investigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. N. Becker J. W. Alexander A. Adriani A. Mura A. Cicchetti R. Noschese J. L. Jørgensen T. Denver J. Sushkova A. Jørgensen M. Benn J. E. P. Connerney S. J. Bolton The Selex Galileo Juno SRU Team J. Allison S. Watts V. Adumitroaie E. A. Manor-Chapman I. J. Daubar C. Lee S. Kang W. J. McAlpine T. Di Iorio C. Pasqui A. Barbis P. Lawton L. Spalsbury S. Loftin J. Sun 《Space Science Reviews》2017,213(1-4):507-545
The Radiation Monitoring Investigation of the Juno Mission will actively retrieve and analyze the noise signatures from penetrating radiation in the images of Juno’s star cameras and science instruments at Jupiter. The investigation’s objective is to profile Jupiter’s \(>10\mbox{-MeV}\) electron environment in regions of the Jovian magnetosphere which today are still largely unexplored. This paper discusses the primary instruments on Juno which contribute to the investigation’s data suite, the measurements of camera noise from penetrating particles, spectral sensitivities and measurement ranges of the instruments, calibrations performed prior to Juno’s first science orbit, and how the measurements may be used to infer the external relativistic electron environment. 相似文献
43.
M. A. Janssen J. E. Oswald S. T. Brown S. Gulkis S. M. Levin S. J. Bolton M. D. Allison S. K. Atreya D. Gautier A. P. Ingersoll J. I. Lunine G. S. Orton T. C. Owen P. G. Steffes V. Adumitroaie A. Bellotti L. A. Jewell C. Li L. Li S. Misra F. A. Oyafuso D. Santos-Costa E. Sarkissian R. Williamson J. K. Arballo A. Kitiyakara A. Ulloa-Severino J. C. Chen F. W. Maiwald A. S. Sahakian P. J. Pingree K. A. Lee A. S. Mazer R. Redick R. E. Hodges R. C. Hughes G. Bedrosian D. E. Dawson W. A. Hatch D. S. Russell N. F. Chamberlain M. S. Zawadski B. Khayatian B. R. Franklin H. A. Conley J. G. Kempenaar M. S. Loo E. T. Sunada V. Vorperion C. C. Wang 《Space Science Reviews》2017,213(1-4):139-185
44.
G. Randall Gladstone Steven C. Persyn John S. Eterno Brandon C. Walther David C. Slater Michael W. Davis Maarten H. Versteeg Kristian B. Persson Michael K. Young Gregory J. Dirks Anthony O. Sawka Jessica Tumlinson Henry Sykes John Beshears Cherie L. Rhoad James P. Cravens Gregory S. Winters Robert A. Klar Walter Lockhart Benjamin M. Piepgrass Thomas K. Greathouse Bradley J. Trantham Philip M. Wilcox Matthew W. Jackson Oswald H. W. Siegmund John V. Vallerga Rick Raffanti Adrian Martin J.-C. Gérard Denis C. Grodent Bertrand Bonfond Benoit Marquet François Denis 《Space Science Reviews》2017,213(1-4):447-473
The ultraviolet spectrograph instrument on the Juno mission (Juno-UVS) is a long-slit imaging spectrograph designed to observe and characterize Jupiter’s far-ultraviolet (FUV) auroral emissions. These observations will be coordinated and correlated with those from Juno’s other remote sensing instruments and used to place in situ measurements made by Juno’s particles and fields instruments into a global context, relating the local data with events occurring in more distant regions of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. Juno-UVS is based on a series of imaging FUV spectrographs currently in flight—the two Alice instruments on the Rosetta and New Horizons missions, and the Lyman Alpha Mapping Project on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. However, Juno-UVS has several important modifications, including (1) a scan mirror (for targeting specific auroral features), (2) extensive shielding (for mitigation of electronics and data quality degradation by energetic particles), and (3) a cross delay line microchannel plate detector (for both faster photon counting and improved spatial resolution). This paper describes the science objectives, design, and initial performance of the Juno-UVS. 相似文献
45.
The Search Coil Magnetometer for THEMIS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. Roux O. Le Contel C. Coillot A. Bouabdellah B. de la Porte D. Alison S. Ruocco M. C. Vassal 《Space Science Reviews》2008,141(1-4):265-275
THEMIS instruments incorporate a tri-axial Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) designed to measure the magnetic components of waves associated with substorm breakup and expansion. The three search coil antennas cover the same frequency bandwidth, from 0.1 Hz to 4 kHz, in the ULF/ELF frequency range. They extend, with appropriate Noise Equivalent Magnetic Induction (NEMI) and sufficient overlap, the measurements of the fluxgate magnetometers. The NEMI of the searchcoil antennas and associated pre-amplifiers is smaller than 0.76 pT $/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 10 Hz. The analog signals produced by the searchcoils and associated preamplifiers are digitized and processed inside the Digital Field Box (DFB) and the Instrument Data Processing Unit (IDPU), together with data from the Electric Field Instrument (EFI). Searchcoil telemetry includes waveform transmission, FFT processed data, and data from a filter bank. The frequency range covered depends on the available telemetry. The searchcoils and their three axis structures have been precisely calibrated in a calibration facility, and the calibration of the transfer function is checked on board, usually once per orbit. The tri-axial searchcoils implemented on the five THEMIS spacecraft are working nominally. 相似文献
46.
Alexandr Chertkov 《Space Science Reviews》2001,95(1-2):25-42
The physical sense of the main ideas, presently used in plasma physics, is discussed. An attempt is made to clarify the concepts, used in plasma physical calculations. The concept of `Coulomb collisions' with the implicitly introduced rapid stochastization plays the main negative role in the physics of fully ionized plasma. Statistical methods, which are adequate for the neutral gas and for the partially ionized plasma, are not applicable for the completely ionized case. It is the cause of large errors in evaluating real plasma parameters. A new concept is considered: a fully ionized space plasma should be treated as a dynamical system with a low level of chaos. Further progress in space physics requires a serious renewal of plasma theory. 相似文献
47.
Christoph Noeldeke Maximilian Boettcher Ulrich Mohr Steffen Gaisser Mikel Alvarez Rua Jens Eickhoff Mike Leslie Matt Von Thun Sabine Klinkner Renuganth Varatharajoo 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(6):2000-2009
The radiation effects in electronic parts are called single-event effects, which are deemed to be critical for space missions. This paper presents the Single Event Upsets that were observed in an onboard memory device of the Low Earth Orbit “Flying Laptop” satellite mission during its in-orbit operation. The Single Event Upsets were carefully mapped on the satellite orbital space itself and their root causes were investigated together with their rates of occurrence. Subsequently, the events were traced to show several root cause sources such as (i) trapped energetic protons leaking to low altitudes within the South Atlantic Anomaly, (ii) Solar Energetic Particles emitted by an impulsive event on 10 September 2017, and (iii) Galactic Cosmic Rays. A profound analysis was carried out on the observed flight data, and its corresponding results are actually in agreement with the standard energetic particle models. The presented results provide another important insight on the Single Event Upsets for future Low Earth Orbit satellite missions. 相似文献
48.
Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd Jessica Agarwal Hervé Cottin Cécile Engrand George Flynn Marco Fulle Tamas Gombosi Yves Langevin Jérémie Lasue Thurid Mannel Sihane Merouane Olivier Poch Nicolas Thomas Andrew Westphal 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(3):64
This review presents our understanding of cometary dust at the end of 2017. For decades, insight about the dust ejected by nuclei of comets had stemmed from remote observations from Earth or Earth’s orbit, and from flybys, including the samples of dust returned to Earth for laboratory studies by the Stardust return capsule. The long-duration Rosetta mission has recently provided a huge and unique amount of data, obtained using numerous instruments, including innovative dust instruments, over a wide range of distances from the Sun and from the nucleus. The diverse approaches available to study dust in comets, together with the related theoretical and experimental studies, provide evidence of the composition and physical properties of dust particles, e.g., the presence of a large fraction of carbon in macromolecules, and of aggregates on a wide range of scales. The results have opened vivid discussions on the variety of dust-release processes and on the diversity of dust properties in comets, as well as on the formation of cometary dust, and on its presence in the near-Earth interplanetary medium. These discussions stress the significance of future explorations as a way to decipher the formation and evolution of our Solar System. 相似文献
49.
Adrienn Luspay-Kuti Olivier Mousis Jonathan I. Lunine Yves Ellinger Françoise Pauzat Ujjwal Raut Alexis Bouquet Kathleen E. Mandt Romain Maggiolo Thomas Ronnet Bastien Brugger Ozge Ozgurel Stephen A. Fuselier 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(8):115
The Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) instrument onboard the Rosetta spacecraft has measured molecular oxygen (O2) in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) in surprisingly high abundances. These measurements mark the first unequivocal detection of O2 in a cometary environment. The large relative abundance of O2 in 67P/C-G despite its high reactivity and low interstellar abundance poses a puzzle for its origin in comet 67P/C-G, and potentially other comets. Since its detection, there have been a number of hypotheses put forward to explain the production and origin of O2 in the comet. These hypotheses cover a wide range of possibilities from various in situ production mechanisms to protosolar nebula and primordial origins. Here, we review the O2 formation mechanisms from the literature, and provide a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge of the sources and origin of cometary O2. 相似文献
50.
No two rocky bodies offer a better laboratory for exploring the conditions controlling interior dynamics than Venus and Earth. Their similarities in size, density, distance from the sun, and young surfaces would suggest comparable interior dynamics. Although the two planets exhibit some of the same processes, Venus lacks Earth’s dominant process for losing heat and cycling volatiles between the interior and the surface and atmosphere: plate tectonics. One commonality is the size and number of mantle plume features which are inferred to be active today and arise at the core mantle boundary. Such mantle plumes require heat loss from the core, yet Venus lacks a measurable interior dynamo. There is evidence for plume-induced subduction on Venus, but no apparent mosaic of moving plates. Absent plate tectonics, one essential question for interior dynamics is how did Venus obtain its young resurfacing age? Via catastrophic or equilibrium processes? Related questions are how does it lose heat via past periods of plate tectonics, has it always had a stagnant lid, or might it have an entirely different mode of heat loss? Although there has been no mission dedicated to surface and interior processes since the Magellan mission in 1990, near infrared surface emissivity data that provides information on the iron content of the surface mineralogy was obtained fortuitously from Venus Express. These data imply both the presence of continental-like crust, and thus formation in the presence of water, and recent volcanism at mantle hotspots. In addition, the study of interior dynamics for both Earth and exoplanets has led to new insights on the conditions required to initiate subduction and develop plate tectonics, including the possible role of high temperature lithosphere, and a renewed drive to reveal why Venus and Earth differ. Here we review current data that constrains the interior dynamics of Venus, new insights into its interior dynamics, and the data needed to resolve key questions. 相似文献