一种粒子群模糊支持向量机的航天器参量预测方法

针对航天器精确预测与健康管理的需求,将粒子群算法、模糊数学与支持向量机的优势相结合,提出了一种粒子群模糊支持向量机预测方法。针对某卫星南帆板输出电流参量的预测实例,设计了总平均绝对误差、总平均绝对百分比误差、总均方根误差三个预测结果评价指标,对不同步长情况下的预测结果进行了比较,证明了粒子群优化模糊支持向量机预测方法的有效性。通过对比粒子群优化模糊支持向量机模型、灰色粒子群神经网络优化模型、粒子群神经网络模型、灰色模型预测的总平均绝对百分比误差,结果证明粒子群优化模糊支持向量机的预测精度和效率较高,在航天器参量预测领域具有较好的应用前景。     

一种方位时变GEO SAR成像处理新算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)回波模型的距离空变和方位时变问题,提出一种基于改进距离-多普勒(RD)和方位向调频尺度变换(CS)的成像算法。首先引入四阶泰勒展开模型解决成像中存在的弯曲轨迹问题,然后对传统RD算法进行改进,补偿距离空变,最后对方位时变进行建模,通过方位向CS补偿方位时变,使GEO SAR能够进行更大场景的成像。结合天基雷达先进仿真系统(SBRAS)进行仿真,验证了该算法的有效性。     

一种高动态卫星网络的拥塞控制算法

针对卫星网络通信路径发生改变引起往返时延突变,导致现有的拥塞控制机制中超时重传时间估计不准确,并对拥塞窗口计算产生不利影响的问题,提出一种基于链路长度的带宽估计TCPW\|BLC算法。该算法通过计算通信链路长度合理调整拥塞窗口、慢启动阈值及超时重传定时器中相关参数的增益因子,使拥塞控制算法在往返时延突变情况下仍保持较高吞吐量,适应卫星网络动态环境特性。NS2仿真结果表明,TCPW\|BLC算法相比TCPW算法在卫星网络中吞吐量性能提高了2.8%,有效降低了时延突变给拥塞控制机制造成的不利影响。     

The Rotation and Interior Structure Experiment on the InSight Mission to Mars

The Rotation and Interior Structure Experiment (RISE) on-board the InSight mission will use the lander’s X-band (8 GHz) radio system in combination with tracking stations of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) to determine the rotation of Mars. RISE will measure the nutation of the Martian spin axis, detecting for the first time the effect of the liquid core of Mars and providing in turn new constraints on the core radius and density. RISE will also measure changes in the rotation rate of Mars on seasonal time-scales thereby constraining the atmospheric angular momentum budget. Finally, RISE will provide a superb tie between the cartographic and inertial reference frames. This paper describes the RISE scientific objectives and measurements, and provides the expected results of the experiment.     

网络化飞行器执行机构故障自适应容错控制

针对存在随机短时延和外部干扰的网络化飞行器执行机构故障问题,提出了一种自适应容错控制方法。首先利用扩张状态观测器(Extended State Observer, ESO)对系统不确定性进行估计,并构建了自抗扰控制器对不确定性进行补偿。在此基础上,设计了一种基于跟踪误差的自适应容错控制方法。当执行机构发生未知故障后执行机构指令能自适应逼近设计值,使得重构的控制系统精确跟踪参考模型。最后利用Lyapunov函数方法证明了闭环控制系统的有界稳定。数值仿真校验了所提方法的有效性。     

Evaluation of the STORM model storm-time corrections for middle latitude

This paper presents results from the Storm-Time Ionospheric Correction Model (STORM) validation for selected Northern and Southern Hemisphere middle latitude locations. The created database incorporated 65 strong-to-severe geomagnetic storms, which occurred within the period 1995–2007. This validation included data from some ionospheric stations (e.g., Pruhonice, El Arenosillo) that were not considered in the development or previous validations of the model. Hourly values of the F2 layer critical frequency, foF2, measured for 5–7 days during the main and recovery phases of each selected storm were compared with the predicted IRI 2007 foF2 with the STORM model option activated. To perform a detailed comparison between observed values, medians and predicted foF2 values the correlation coefficient, the root-mean-square error (RMSE), and the percentage improvement were calculated. Results of the comparative analysis show that the STORM model captures more effectively the negative phases of the summer ionospheric storms, while electron density enhancement during winter storms and the changeover of the different storm phases is reproduced with less accuracy. The STORM model corrections are less efficient for lower-middle latitudes and severe geomagnetic storms.     

Studies of strong gravitational fields near super-massive black hole horizons with space missions

General relativity (GR) can be probed by several tests in the weak gravitational field limit. On the contrary, very poor information exists about GR tests in strong gravitational fields. Here, we focus on the interaction of light rays with the strong gravitational field of a massive black hole and show that relativistic images may form. Hence, we calculate the shapes of shadows (mirages) forming just near BH horizons and discuss the possibility to estimate the black hole parameters (mass, spin and charge) by future astrometric missions. In 2007, the Radioastron space telescope will be launched and it will allow to evaluate those parameters for the black hole hosted at the center of our Galaxy.     

Control of Lunar and Martian dust--experimental insights from artificial and natural cyanobacterial and algal crusts in the desert of Inner Mongolia, China

Studies on the colonization of environmentally extreme ground surfaces were conducted in a Mars-like desert area of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, with microalgae and cyanobacteria. We collected and mass-cultured cyanobacterial strains from these regions and investigated their ability to form desert crusts artificially. These crusts had the capacity to resist sand wind erosion after just 15 days of growth. Similar to the surface of some Chinese deserts, the surface of Mars is characterized by a layer of fine dust, which will challenge future human exploration activities, particularly in confined spaces that will include greenhouses and habitats. We discuss the use of such crusts for the local control of desert sands in enclosed spaces on Mars. These experiments suggest innovative new directions in the applied use of microbe-mineral interactions to advance the human exploration and settlement of space.     

剪切稠化流体（n=2）环管层流运动分析

从非牛顿流体运动微分方程式出发,利用积分、级数展开和数值计算方法,对剪切稠化流体（n=2）在环形通道中的流动进行了分析和计算,推出了该流体在环形通道中流动的速度、流量、平均速度和平均应变速度等关系式,绘制了几种不同R1／R2比值条件下的流体在管道横断面上的速度分布图,讨论了压力降与流量、速度与环管半径之间的关系,为工程计算提供了可靠的理论依据。     

基于分布质量轴模型的尾传动轴系临界转速分析

以直升机尾斜轴为研究对象,推导了传动轴的分布质量传递矩阵,模型中考虑了弯矩、横向位移、剪切变形、转动惯量、陀螺力矩和轴向力等 因素的综合影响。建立了膜片联轴器和弹性支承的传递矩阵。给出了尾传动轴系临界转速的计算方法。以三支点水平轴系为分析对象,将本文传递矩阵法计算的结果与有限元法计算的结果进行了对比分析,以检验本文传递矩阵法的有效性。本文传递矩阵法相对于有限元法的最大计算误差为4.1%,表明本文传递矩阵法的计算精度较高,同时本文传递矩阵法的计算速 度更快,便于设计人员进行尾传动轴系临界转速的影响因素分析。