航天器组件可靠性试验温度测控技术

文章针对航天器组件试验过程中温度场不均匀和单一控温点难以全面控制组件温度的问题,研究了试验箱内温度场的均匀性分布,组件不同部位在箱内的温度分布规律以及影响这种分布的因素。通过温度测控试验方法的研究,配合所研制的多路温度测控系统,确定了组件试验过程中温度控制点的选取方法,解决了热试验中组件局部温度失控问题,提高了组件的试验安全性和试验质量。     

MgCl2，Na2SO4复合腐蚀与弯曲荷载作用对碳化混凝土的抗冻性的影响

在未加载与加载条件下,采用快冻法研究了快速碳化28 d后的粉煤灰混凝土(FAC)、大掺量矿物掺合料混凝土(HCMC)和绿色高耐久性混凝土(GHDC)在水和5%MgCl2 5%Na2SO4复合溶液中的抗冻性.结果表明,碳化FAC和碳化HCMC的抗冻性与冻融介质的化学成分存在密切的关系,氯盐、镁盐和硫酸盐腐蚀对碳化FAC的冻融破坏存在叠加效应;镁盐和硫酸盐腐蚀能够缓解NaCl对碳化HCMC的冻融破坏,而NaCl腐蚀则能加速镁盐和硫酸盐对碳化HCMC的冻融破坏作用;NaCl的冰点降低作用能大大缓解碳化GHDC在腐蚀溶液中的冻融破坏,即使在镁盐和硫酸盐溶液中混有NaCl成分,也能够明显地提高碳化GHDC的抗冻性.进一步研究还表明,在(MgCl2 Na2SO4)复合溶液的冻融条件下,碳化显著降低了FAC和HCMC的耐久性,施加弯曲荷载使其耐久性进一步劣化,但GHDC的耐久性则不受碳化作用和外部弯曲荷载的影响.因此,GHDC即使发生了严重的碳化,在(MgCl2 Na2SO4)复合溶液、弯曲荷载和冻融循环及其多因素耦合作用下仍然具有非常高的耐久性.     

民用飞机吊挂应急断离设计研究

应急断离设计是民用飞机吊挂设计的关键技术之一,从收集到的相关机型应急着陆事故论述吊挂应急断离设计的结构设计要求,分析波音公司和麦道公司的典型机型吊挂设计方案,提出了我国大型民用飞机吊挂应急断离设计方案的建议。     

混凝土氯离子扩散理论模型的研究I—基于无限大体的非稳态齐次与非齐次扩散问题

针对无限大的扩散介质,以综合考虑氯离子结合能力、氯离子扩散系数的时间依赖性和结构微缺陷影响的实际混凝土氯离子扩散新方程为基础,在常数边界条件下,推导出一维、二维和三维氯离子扩散理论的齐次模型.同时,根据指数函数的边界条件,在理论上导出了一维氯离子扩散理论的非齐次模型,能满足混凝土结构工程的实际边界条件.最后论证了引进氯离子结合能力、氯离子扩散系数的时间依赖性和劣化效应系数等参数对于描述混凝土氯离子扩散行为的必要性,探讨了采用多雏扩散理论模型的意义,并通过实验确定了混凝土的指数边界条件函数.结果表明,采用氯离子扩散理论非齐次模型有利于提高混凝土结构耐久性设计的安全性.     

小展弦比飞翼布局飞机稳定特性

 飞翼布局飞机为改善隐身特性,取消了平尾和垂尾,构型的改变导致其稳定特性与常规飞机有很多不同。针对小展弦比飞翼布局飞机,分别研究其在几种典型飞行状态下的纵向和横航向的静、动稳定特性,通过与常规布局飞机进行对比,着重揭示了飞翼构型参数、飞行状态与其稳定性间的量化规律,并详细分析了这一布局纵向短周期模态及横航向荷兰滚模态发散的具体成因。     

示温漆温度自动判读与数字图像处理系统

分析了示温漆的颜色温度特性,提出了温度识别方法。依据色度学理论,综合运用图像处理与数据库技术,开发了示温漆温度自动判读与数字图像处理系统;介绍了系统的软、硬件,在LAB色彩空间,采用3次样条插值算法进行了颜色数据拟合,实测数据表明,该系统提高了温度判读的准确性。     

一种基于语音交互与Web的智能导盲杖

针对盲人在错综复杂的交通道路上出行越来越困难,而导盲犬也越来越不适应现在交通方式的现状,本作品设计为盲人提供行走时,遇到障碍物和台阶提前语音提醒的预警系统。该作品以STM32作为核心处理器、具有语音播报、GPS坐标定位、GSM短信发送、超声波避障、摔倒提醒等功能,并结合GPS对盲人进行位置追踪。通过GPS模块,获取当前经纬度信息,通过GSM模块实时发送短信,并结合Web,在手机上进行位置追踪,起到紧急求救和快速救助的作用。通过MPU6050获取姿态数据,对智能导盲杖的平衡状态进行判断,并结合语音模块进行摔倒提醒。     

Experimental investigation of flow field in a laboratory-scale compressor

The inner flow environment of turbomachinery presents strong three-dimensional, rota-tional, and unsteady characteristics. Consequently, a deep understanding of these flow phenomena will be the prerequisite to establish a state-of-the-art design system of turbomachinery. Currently the development of more accurate turbulence models and CFD tools is in urgent need for a high-quality database for validation, especially the advanced CFD tools, such as large eddy simu-lation (LES). Under this circumstance, this paper presents a detailed experimental investigation on the 3D unsteady flow field inside a laboratory-scale isolated-rotor with multiple advanced measure-ment techniques, including traditional aerodynamic probes, hotwire probes, unsteady endwall static pressure measurement, and stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV). The inlet boundary layer pro-file is measured with both hotwire probe and aerodynamic probe. The steady and unsteady flow fields at the outlet of the rotor are measured with a mini five-hole probe and a single-slanted hotwire probe. The instantaneous flow field in the rotor tip region inside the passage is captured with SPIV, and then a statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of the instantaneous tip leakage vortex/flow is performed to understand its dynamic characteristics. Besides these, the uncertainty analysis of each measurement technique is described. This database is quite sufficient to validate the advanced numerical simulation with LES. The identification process of the tip leakage vortex core in the instantaneous frames obtained from SPIV is performed deliberately. It is concluded that the ensemble-averaged flow field could not represent the tip leakage vortex strength and the trajectory trace. The development of the tip leakage vortex could be clearly cataloged into three phases according to their statistical spatial distribution. The streamwise velocity loss induced by the tipleakage flow increases until the splitting process is weak and the turbulent mixing phase is dominant.     

Comparison of BBfs Observed by Single and Multi Satellites

This paper, using the data of three Cluster satellites, compares the observations of Bursty Bulk Flow (BBF) by single satellite with those by multi satellites. The results indicate that there exists remarkable difference between observations of BBF by single satellite and multi satellites. The observations of BBF by a single satellite depend on its position relative to the flow channel. The difference is caused by the localization characteristics of fast flows in the plasma sheet, and can lead to diverging views about substorm and causal relations among substorm phenomena.      

航天器总装模块化生产模式探讨

文章介绍了航天器总装模块化生产思想,建立了航天器总装生产模式成熟度模型,提出模块化是提高航天器制造企业管理柔性、提升企业竞争力的重要途径,针对航天器总装实施特点对航天器总装生产模式进行了模块化构想,根据专业化试点取得的经验提出专业化建设对于加快航天器总装人才培养、优化资源配置等具有显著的现实意义。