钛颗粒着火过程氧化膜破裂行为的理论研究

在着火热自燃理论基础上,通过分析钛颗粒表面氧化膜与基体之间的应力状态,结合实验事实,提出氧化膜最外层首先发生破裂但不形成贯穿裂纹的观点,基于该观点建立模型理论研究外层氧化膜的破裂行为对钛颗粒着火过程的影响,并对钛的着火过程进行物理模拟实验研究.结果表明:在673 ～1373K范围,当环境温度较低时,钛颗粒发生恒温氧化,氧化膜破裂导致氧化动力学曲线由抛物线向直线转化,当处于高温时,氧化膜的破裂使着火温度降低45K,不会对钛颗粒的着火过程产生强烈影响;当钛颗粒尺寸增大时,钛颗粒的着火温度未出现明显升高,与铝颗粒着火过程氧化膜的完全破裂机制不同;氧化膜内应力的变化使由外而内的裂纹扩展到一定程度后停止,即外层氧化膜不完全破裂,从而加速氧在内层氧化膜内扩散,增大了钛颗粒发生着火的敏感性;非等温氧化实验间接验证了外层氧化膜非贯穿破裂对钛着火过程影响的理论研究.     

叶根倒角模拟件设计

为了避免涡轮叶片叶根倒角低周疲劳开裂故障的发生,需借助叶根倒角特征模拟件对叶根低周疲劳强度进行考核。基于几何等效相似和载荷工况等效原则,设计了一种真实叶根倒角的特征模拟件。特征模拟件的榫头/叶身沿着周向投影宽度比例、缘板外侧与榫头外侧距离、缘板厚度、倒角半径等重要几何参数均与真实叶片一致。基于线弹性本构,采用Abaqus软件计算了特征模拟件在等效载荷工况下的应力分布。计算结果表明,特征模拟件的最大应力为187.6 MPa,出现在凸台过渡区倒角处,最危险点第一主应力方向为l₁=0.1141、m₁=0.9873、n₁=-0.1103,均与真实叶片对应部位的应力情况吻合,说明该叶根倒角特征模拟件设计合理,可用于考核真实涡轮叶片倒角的低周疲劳强度。     

某涡轴发动机涡轮叶片尾缘孔的蠕变-疲劳寿命预测方法

针对某涡轴发动机的涡轮叶片,建立了考虑应力松弛的蠕变-疲劳寿命分析方法。通过在黏塑性理论框架内耦合蠕变损伤,对某高温合金的非线性蠕变变形进行了数值模拟。结果表明:基于对某涡轮叶片的弹塑性-蠕变分析研究,明确了叶片上前缘和尾缘等关键部位的蠕变损伤及其演化规律,也为确定叶片上的局部危险点提供了一种方法。该模型针对弹塑性应力应变曲线计算误差小于5%,而针对蠕变曲线的模拟精度则处于材料蠕变变形固有属性分散范围内。借助于线性损伤累积寿命理论,分析得到了某涡轮叶片尾缘孔局部考虑了应力松弛的蠕变-疲劳寿命,从而为叶片寿命评价提供了更为合理、工程化应用更好的方法。      

选区激光熔化TC4小裂纹扩展特性数值模拟

发展了一种考虑微观组织的选区激光熔化（SLM）钛合金TC4小裂纹扩展数值模拟方法。基于SLM TC4的微观组织观测结果,利用Voronoi算法并通过晶体取向筛选,实现了微观组织建模。在此基础上,采用扩展有限元法建立了SLM TC4材料小裂纹扩展行为模拟方法,探究沉积方向以及晶粒尺寸、晶体取向等微观组织对小裂纹扩展速率的影响规律。结果表明:沉积方向影响材料的裂纹扩展抗力,沉积方向与裂纹扩展方向平行时,材料抵抗疲劳小裂纹扩展的性能相对更好。晶粒尺寸影响小裂纹扩展速率,晶粒尺寸越大,小裂纹扩展速率越快。晶体取向影响速率的波动性,不同晶体取向材料的小裂纹扩展速率上下界有明显差异。      

基于LSTM的飞行数据挖掘模型构建方法

提出了一种基于LSTM （Long Short Time Memory）模型的飞行历史数据挖掘模型的构建方法,此模型可以将飞行数据中有价值的目标数据自动提取出来。首先,通过滑动窗口法获得待检测数据;然后,将预先做好的训练样本数据输入到所构造的LSTM模型中进行训练,得到数据挖掘模型;最后,将待检测数据导入到训练好的LSTM模型中进行模式识别,将目标数据片段挖掘出来。结果表明,基于LSTM模型的飞行数据挖掘模型构建方法通用化程度高,可用于挖掘不同类型的目标数据,且识别率高,具有很高的工程应用价值。     

模拟载人探月中航天员空间辐射风险评估

空间辐射是长期载人航天飞行任务中影响航天员健康的重要风险因素。为了探求载人探月过程中对空间辐射的合理防护方式,文章借助空间辐射场模型对"嫦娥三号"飞行任务在不同质量厚度材料屏蔽下的舱内空间辐射环境进行了仿真计算,并确定了航天员各器官接受的空间辐射剂量、剂量当量以及有效剂量等辐射防护量以进行辐射风险评估。结果表明,随着屏蔽厚度的增加,航天员的各组织或器官的吸收剂量和剂量当量以及有效剂量均明显降低;采用质量屏蔽的方法对低于100 Me V的质子具有很好的防护效果,但对高能质子或重离子的防护效果不明显。计算和分析显示,载人探月过程中,只要采取适当的防护措施,航天员的空间辐射风险是可控的。     

城镇化形势下廊坊市失地农民社会保障体系构建问题研究

随着工业化、城镇化的不断发展,造成大量农民失去土地,这一后果所带来的社会问题成为广泛关注的焦点。廊坊市在城镇化进程不断加快的步伐中,征用的土地面积也在逐年增加,如何有效的解决失地后农民的社会保障问题,建立和完善失地农民相关社会保障制度一直是廊坊各界广泛关注的问题。本文就这一问题展开研究,进而提出构建其保障体系维护失地农民的切身利益和长远保障的相关建议。     

Implementation and convergence considerations of a linearlyconstrained adaptive array

O.L. Frost (1972) introduced a linearly constrained optimization algorithm that allows certain main beam properties to be preserved while good cancellation is attained. An open-loop implementation of this algorithm is developed. This implementation is shown to be equivalent to the technique developed by C.W. Jim (1977), L.J. Griffiths and C.W. Jin (1982), and K.M. Buckley and L.J. Griffiths (1982) whereby the constrained problem is reduced to an unconstrained problem. Analytical results are presented for the convergence rate when the sampled matrix inversion (SMI) or Gram-Schmidt (GS) algorithm are employed. It has been previously shown that the steady-state solution for the optimal weights is identical for both constrained and reduced unconstrained problems. It is shown that if the SMI or GS algorithm is employed, then the transient weighting vector solution for the constrained problem is identical to the equivalent transient weight vector solution for the reduced unconstrained implementation     

Fast converging adaptive processor or a structured covariance matrix

The use of adaptive linear techniques to solve signal processing problems is needed particularly when the interference environment external to the signal processor (such as for a radar or communication system) is not known a priori. Due to this lack of knowledge of an external environment, adaptive techniques require a certain amount of data to cancel the external interference. The number of statistically independent samples per input sensor required so that the performance of the adaptive processor is close (nominally within 3 dB) to the optimum is called the convergence measure of effectiveness (MOE) of the processor. The minimization of the convergence MOE is important since in many environments the external interference changes rapidly with time. Although there are heuristic techniques in the literature that provide fast convergence for particular problems, there is currently not a general solution for arbitrary interference that is derived via classical theory. A maximum likelihood (ML) solution (under the assumption that the input interference is Gaussian) is derived here for a structured covariance matrix that has the form of the identity matrix plus an unknown positive semi-definite Hermitian (PSDH) matrix. This covariance matrix form is often valid in realistic interference scenarios for radar and communication systems. Using this ML estimate, simulation results are given that show that the convergence is much faster than the often-used sample matrix inversion method. In addition, the ML solution for a structured covariance matrix that has the aforementioned form where the scale factor on the identity matrix is arbitrarily lower-bounded, is derived. Finally, an efficient implementation is presented.     

基于Web的通用商品报价系统的研究与实现

本文对国内企业现有的商品报价系统的现状进行了分析,并且对现有的商品报价系统进行研究和改进,阐述了基于Web的通用商品报价系统的系统构架及主要功能。