电调节砷化镓声表面波谐振器振荡器

已经用砷化镓制作出高 Q 表面波谐振器,并且用来控制振荡器的频率。由于砷化镓既是压电材料,又是半导体材料,因此有可能用来对全单片振荡器进行电调节。曾对半绝缘基片上的表面波谐振器的参数进行了研究。这些器件既有刻槽,又有金属电极反射栅。可调节频率的声表面波谐振器被制作在用肖脱基势垒电极作为谐振器栅的外延砷化镓基片上。调节频率并不显著改变介入损耗。两端对谐振器的介入损耗值典型的在15和20dB 之间,在180兆赫的负载 Q 值高达12000。虽然砷化镓的延迟温度系数为52ppm/℃,但是,可以通过加一层 Au/SiO_2对砷化镓延迟线进行温度补偿。     

远地点发动机的最佳化

本文讨论了远地点发动机的最佳化问题,同时还评述了进行这种分析所需要的计算工具。这一问题是从材料和工作过程参数来入手解决的。论述了现行的工艺技术水平和新工艺及新材料,说明了材料对最佳参数的影响,以及发动机性能对这些参数的敏感性。举出了一个现行发动机系统最佳化的例子作为示范,并说明如何采用较先进的工艺技术来改进产品性能。     

美国航宇局地面跟踪网的联合及发展计划

1979年秋美国航宇局(NASA)制定了统一跟踪网计划,准备将NASA两个地面跟踪网合并成一个统一网。合并两个跟踪网的建议是NASA总网规划组提出的并于同年10月提交给NASA最高管理当局。到1986年,合并后的跟踪网将使用哥达德地面航天跟踪和数据网以及喷气推进试验室滐空网的现有设备。通过组合和改进,这个统一跟踪网将有可能为当时的星际和高地球轨道任务提供支援。推动两网合并的动力来自技术和经济两方面。合并后的跟踪网应该有较高的灵敏度,应能为1936和1989年旅行者2号(Voyager2)飞行器与天王星和海王星相遇提供支援;还应能以大于现有滐空网10倍的数据率为高地球轨道和靠近行星的飞行器提供支援。合并后跟踪网的维护和操作费用应大大低于八十年代末期两个单独网所花费用的总和。文中回顾了决定合并NASA地面跟踪和数据网的起因,简要介绍了从1975年决定合并到八十年代中期NASA两个地面跟踪网计划的进展情况。本文是1981年6月提交给AIAA/NASA空间跟踪和数据系统会议报告的修改稿。     

偏置○形圈轴封的弹性流体动力润滑效应

本文针对一种新型轴封的润滑机理和工作性能进行了基本理论研究。光学干涉法已成功地用于研究镜面橡胶密封件的液膜剖面。业已发现,在广泛的工况范围内,存在着弹性流体动力润滑效应。对偏置密封件的其他性能参数的研究证明:其有效应用范围界于填料密封和机械密封之间     

X—射线实时检测系统

推进剂内部和推进剂—包复层界面的裂纹、气泡和脱粘的 X-射线实时显像检测系统的产生是固体推进剂火箭发动机质量控制的重大突破。在此之前,用成本很高的普通胶片 X-射线照相法进行抽样检验,而且对送检的每台发动机只能沿推进剂—包复层界面切线方向每隔60度或120度作局部 X-射线检查。新方法具有自动地连续100%检验能力,其成本低于普通的胶     

美国陆军导弹高级制导系统的新进展

一九七八年,美国陆军导弹司令部开始进行一项艰巨的研究任务——为未来的导弹发展一种高级制导系统。为了对付具有二十世纪九十年代以及更远时期预计特性的目标,满足当时战场环境所强加的严格要求和约束条件,设想该系统要“远远超越”目前正在研制的各种系统。本文对此课题重新作了详细说明,并且介绍了最新的发展研究规划。同时,还对迄今已经取得的各种成果作了评述,特别是在以下各个方面:目前正用来分析和模拟导弹及其制导系统的各种数学模型;空气动力学;推进系统;正在研究与分析的各种导引规律;扰动调节控制的发展状况;定位与跟踪目标的信号处理和数字化设计方法研究。本文最后一节还列举了得到合同承包者支持的各种未来计划。     

In vitro edible muscle protein production system (MPPS): stage 1, fish

The working efficiency and state-of-mind of a Space vehicle crew on long-term missions is dependent on the suitability of living conditions including food. Our purpose was to establish the feasibility of an in vitro muscle protein production system (MPPS) for the fabrication of surrogate muscle protein constructs as food products for Space travelers. In the experimental treatments, we cultivated the adult dorsal abdominal skeletal muscle mass of Carassius (Gold fish). An ATCC fish fibroblast cell line was used for tissue engineering investigations. No antibiotics were used during any phase of the research. Our four treatments produced these results: a low contamination rate, self-healing, cell proliferation, a tissue engineered construct of non-homologous co-cultured cells with explants, an increase in tissue size in homologous co-cultures of explants with crude cell mixtures, maintenance of explants in media containing fetal bovine serum substitutes, and harvested explants which resembled fresh fish filets.

We feel that not only have we pointed the way to an innovative, viable means of supplying safe, healthy, nutritious food to Space voyagers on long journeys, but our research also points the way to means of alleviating food supply and safety problems in both the public and private sectors worldwide.     

Changes in mood status and neurotic levels during a 20-day bed rest

This study evaluated changes of mood status and depressive and neurotic levels in nine young male subjects during a 20-day 6 degrees head-down tilting bed rest and examined whether exercise training modified these changes. Participants were asked to complete psychometrical inventories on before, during, and after the bed rest experiment. Depressive and neurotic levels were enhanced during bed rest period according to the Japanese version of Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale and the Japanese version of the General Health Questionnaire. Mood state "vigor" was impaired and "confusion" was increased during bed rest and recumbent control periods compared to pre-bed rest and ambulatory control periods according to the Japanese version of Profiles of Mood State, whereas the mood "tension-anxiety", "depression-dejection", "anger-hostility" and "fatigue" were relatively stable during experiment. Isometric exercise training did not modify these results. Microgravity, along with confinement to bed and isolation from familiar environments, induced impairment of mental status.