因特网实时动态GPS"智能桥梁"的设计与实施

介绍了基于因特网的实时动态GPS在大型结构变形监测中应用的原型系统的概念与设计.该系统包括参考基站、监测站、控制中心和用户4部分.文中采用了模拟桥梁变形的仿真平台验证该原型系统.实验结果表明:在10 Hz的采样率下,该系统的数据传输时间延迟可以忽略不计, 并可达到毫米级的三维定位精度.     

5自由度机器人手臂模糊自适应控制

为了在一定的跟踪精度范围内且存在不确定性因素的情况下控制机器人跟踪设定的轨迹,给出了一种基于控制器输出误差法的自适应模糊控制法来控制机器人手臂.采用梯度下降法调节部分或全部参数以减小输出误差.该方法被应用于5自由度机器人控制系统中,仿真结果显示模糊逻辑控制器参数得到了实时调整,该方法有效.     

边界层对可调节进气道性能的影响

给出了马赫数2~6、单位雷诺数(0.8~6.0)×107/m时下吹式风洞中可调节三维进气道的试验研究结果.研究了前缘前掠和后掠方案以及进气道入口前边界层的影响.测量了内流道内的压力分布、质量流量和总压恢复系数;确定了进气道启动与马赫数和流动工况的关系.研究结果表明:边界层对流场结构和模型进气道的性能有着决定性影响,相对简单的进气道调节方案可以增大其稳定运行范围.     

用于ESM系统的CFAR处理器

作者研究了一种用于ESM接收机自适应门限系统的CFAR处理器的设计。对于这种用途，ESM系统的重要技术指标是接收不同宽度和速率的脉冲以及噪声干扰性。确定背景噪声统计的主要难题是干扰信号问题。在背景噪声功率的允差范围内，提出一种MEx-CFAR处理器，它具有良好的抗干扰脉冲的能力。当噪声功率变化大时，建议采用AMEx-CFAR处理器的性能。采用反馈环路结构。AMEx处理器能快速适应新的背景条件。本文用蒙特卡罗模拟研究了所提出的CFAR处理器在各种情况下的性能，讨论了用以确定处理器设计参数的方法。     

激光熔覆制备金属间化合物抗冲蚀涂层

采用同轴送粉方法,激光熔覆制备了WC增强Ni3Al金属间化合物基复合涂层,通过试验,优化了工艺参数,对激光熔覆涂层的成分、组织和硬度进行了测试和分析.结果表明,激光熔覆涂层无裂纹和气孔,与基体形成良好的冶金结合,WC颗粒的添加显著提高了涂层硬度.     

An Event Horizon Imager(EHI) Mission Concept Utilizing Medium Earth Orbit Sub-mm Interferometry

Submillimeter interferometry has the potential to image supermassive black holes on event horizon scales, providing tests of the theory of general relativity and increasing our understanding of black hole accretion processes. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) performs these observations from the ground, and its main imaging targets are Sagittarius A* in the Galactic Center and the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy. However, the EHT is fundamentally limited in its performance by atmospheric effects and sparse terrestrial (u,v)-coverage (Fourier sampling of the image). The scientific interest in quantitative studies of the horizon size and shape of these black holes has motivated studies into using space interferometry which is free of these limitations. Angular resolution considerations and interstellar scattering effects push the desired observing frequency to bands above 500 GHz.
This paper presents the requirements for meeting these science goals, describes the concept of interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Medium Earth Orbits (PECMEO) which we dub the Event Horizon Imager (EHI), and utilizes suitable space technology heritage. In this concept, two or three satellites orbit at slightly different orbital radii, resulting in a dense and uniform spiral-shaped (u,v)-coverage over time. The local oscillator signals are shared via an inter-satellite link, and the data streams are correlated on-board before final processing on the ground. Inter-satellite metrology and satellite positioning are extensively employed to facilitate the knowledge of the instrument position vector, and its time derivative. The European space heritage usable for both the front ends and the antenna technology of such an instrument is investigated. Current and future sensors for the required inter-satellite metrology are listed. Intended performance estimates and simulation results are given.      

部分可观Petri网故障的量子贝叶斯诊断

针对故障本身构建量子贝叶斯Petri网模型算法,并利用该子网模型进行Petri网系统故障分析。对于部分可观Petri网模型中的不可观故障,根据可达标识图分析变迁点火路径不能判断系统状态,建立量子贝叶斯子网模型,通过不确定路径引起的量子干涉重新标定变迁的条件概率表得到量子概率振幅表。根据故障变迁的前置集合并结合量子贝叶斯推理计算变迁触发的先验概率,由后置集合中的可观变迁修正后验概率,由最大后验概率估计系统所处状态,当故障变迁不唯一时,选取最大概率的故障作为故障源。以实际故障系统建立部分可观Petri网模型,结合可观标签概率序列信息和量子贝叶斯概率估计,对系统不可观部分进行故障诊断验证算法的有效性。      

新技术将如何改变MRO领域

<正>未来可能应用于MRO领域的新技术有很多,有的是受上游产业影响而发展的,有的是新技术的直接应用,如复合材料修理、增材制造、数字孪生、预测性维修、增强现实、自动化、机器人等等,但这些技术真正应用于MRO领域后会是何种程度,应用中还存在哪些障碍,亦或是其他新的商业模式还会催生出哪些新的技术,这些都应该提前思考。     

The Aouda.X space suit simulator and its applications to astrobiology

We have developed the space suit simulator Aouda.X, which is capable of reproducing the physical and sensory limitations a flight-worthy suit would have on Mars. Based upon a Hard-Upper-Torso design, it has an advanced human-machine interface and a sensory network connected to an On-Board Data Handling system to increase the situational awareness in the field. Although the suit simulator is not pressurized, the physical forces that lead to a reduced working envelope and physical performance are reproduced with a calibrated exoskeleton. This allows us to simulate various pressure regimes from 0.3-1 bar. Aouda.X has been tested in several laboratory and field settings, including sterile sampling at 2800 m altitude inside a glacial ice cave and a cryochamber at -110°C, and subsurface tests in connection with geophysical instrumentation relevant to astrobiology, including ground-penetrating radar, geoacoustics, and drilling. The communication subsystem allows for a direct interaction with remote science teams via telemetry from a mission control center. Aouda.X as such is a versatile experimental platform for studying Mars exploration activities in a high-fidelity Mars analog environment with a focus on astrobiology and operations research that has been optimized to reduce the amount of biological cross contamination. We report on the performance envelope of the Aouda.X system and its operational limitations.     

Tolerance of anhydrobiotic eggs of the Tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus to extreme environments

Tardigrades are tiny (less than 1?mm in length) invertebrate animals that have the potential to survive travel to other planets because of their tolerance to extreme environmental conditions by means of a dry ametabolic state called anhydrobiosis. While the tolerance of adult tardigrades to extreme environments has been reported, there are few reports on the tolerance of their eggs. We examined the ability of hydrated and anhydrobiotic eggs of the tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus to hatch after exposure to ionizing irradiation (helium ions), extremely low and high temperatures, and high vacuum. We previously reported that there was a similar pattern of tolerance against ionizing radiation between hydrated and anhydrobiotic adults. In contrast, anhydrobiotic eggs (50% lethal dose; 1690 Gy) were substantially more radioresistant than hydrated ones (50% lethal dose; 509 Gy). Anhydrobiotic eggs also have a broader temperature resistance compared with hydrated ones. Over 70% of the anhydrobiotic eggs treated at either -196°C or +50°C hatched successfully, but all the hydrated eggs failed to hatch. After exposure to high-vacuum conditions (5.3×10(-4) Pa to 6.2×10(-5) Pa), the hatchability of the anhydrobiotic eggs was comparable to that of untreated control eggs.