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排序方式: 共有501条查询结果,搜索用时 834 毫秒
371.
为了在一定的跟踪精度范围内且存在不确定性因素的情况下控制机器人跟踪设定的轨迹,给出了一种基于控制器输出误差法的自适应模糊控制法来控制机器人手臂.采用梯度下降法调节部分或全部参数以减小输出误差.该方法被应用于5自由度机器人控制系统中,仿真结果显示模糊逻辑控制器参数得到了实时调整,该方法有效. 相似文献
372.
给出了马赫数2~6、单位雷诺数(0.8~6.0)×107/m时下吹式风洞中可调节三维进气道的试验研究结果.研究了前缘前掠和后掠方案以及进气道入口前边界层的影响.测量了内流道内的压力分布、质量流量和总压恢复系数;确定了进气道启动与马赫数和流动工况的关系.研究结果表明:边界层对流场结构和模型进气道的性能有着决定性影响,相对简单的进气道调节方案可以增大其稳定运行范围. 相似文献
373.
介绍了基于因特网的实时动态GPS在大型结构变形监测中应用的原型系统的概念与设计.该系统包括参考基站、监测站、控制中心和用户4部分.文中采用了模拟桥梁变形的仿真平台验证该原型系统.实验结果表明:在10 Hz的采样率下,该系统的数据传输时间延迟可以忽略不计, 并可达到毫米级的三维定位精度. 相似文献
374.
A NanoSIMS ion microprobe was used to map the submicron-scale distributions of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, and oxygen in organic microfossils and laminae in a thin section of the approximately 0.85 billion year old Bitter Springs Formation of Australia. The data provide clues about the original chemistry of the microfossils, the silicification process, and the biosignatures of specific microorganisms and microbial communities. Chemical maps of fossil unicells and filaments revealed distinct wall- and sheath-like structures enriched in C, N, and S, consistent with their accepted biological origin. Surprisingly, organic laminae, previously considered to be amorphous, also exhibited filamentous and apparently compressed spheroidal structures defined by strong enrichments in C, N, and S. By analogy to NanoSIMS data from the well-preserved microfossils, these structures were interpreted as being of biological origin, most likely representing densely packed remnants of microbial mats. Given that the preponderance of organic matter in Precambrian sediments is similarly "amorphous," our findings indicate that a re-evaluation of ancient specimens via in situ structural, chemical, and isotopic study is warranted. Our analyses have led us to propose new criteria for assessing the biogenicity of problematic kerogenous materials, and, thus, these criteria can be applied to assessments of poorly preserved or fragmentary organic residues in early Archean sediments and any that might occur in meteorites or other extraterrestrial samples. 相似文献
375.
火星等离子体环境探测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
萤火一号(YH-1)探测器将对火星空间环境进行独立而深入的探测研究,探测各空间区域的等离子体特性及其对太阳风扰动的响应,以及火星离子逃逸过程,研究太阳风对火星水体损失的影响。为了实现这一目标,萤火一号搭载了等离子体探测包,包括2个离子分析器和1个电子分析器,具有较高的时间分辨率、能量分辨率,可以探测0.02~10 keV的离子、电子,同时能够对粒子的入射方向及1~44 au(1 au=9.1095×10~(-31)kg)质量范围内的离子成分进行分辨。本文阐述了萤火一号等离子体探测的科学意义,并对等离子体包的工作原理,仪器设计进行了介绍。 相似文献
376.
预应力砼结构技术的发展,推动了斜拉桥的广泛应用,且具有结构形式经济的虎性。拉索和锚具的高强度和抗疲劳特性以及抗蚀保护成为设计工程师设计的关键。该文着重介绍了近几年 来美国斜拉钢索的防抗蚀方面的新方法、新材料。 相似文献
377.
In this paper, we investigate a formation control problem of multi-agent systems(specifically a group of unmanned aerial vehicles) based on a semi-global leader-following consensus approach with both the leader and the followers subject to input saturation. Utilizing the low gain feedback design technique, a distributed static control protocol and a distributed adaptive control protocol are constructed. The former solves the problem under an assumption that the communication network is undirecte... 相似文献
378.
Wassmann M Moeller R Rabbow E Panitz C Horneck G Reitz G Douki T Cadet J Stan-Lotter H Cockell CS Rettberg P 《Astrobiology》2012,12(5):498-507
In the space experiment "Molecular adaptation strategies of microorganisms to different space and planetary UV climate conditions" (ADAPT), bacterial endospores of the highly UV-resistant Bacillus subtilis strain MW01 were exposed to low-Earth orbit (LEO) and simulated martian surface conditions for 559 days on board the European Space Agency's exposure facility EXPOSE-E, mounted outside the International Space Station. The survival of B. subtilis MW01 spores from both assays (LEO and simulated martian conditions) was determined by a colony-formation assay after retrieval. It was clearly shown that solar extraterrestrial UV radiation (λ≥110?nm) as well as the martian UV spectrum (λ≥200?nm) was the most deleterious factor applied; in some samples only a few spore survivors were recovered from B. subtilis MW01 spores exposed in monolayers. However, if shielded from solar irradiation, about 8% of MW01 spores survived in LEO conditions, and 100% survived in simulated martian conditions, compared to the laboratory controls. The results demonstrate the effect of shielding against the high inactivation potential of extraterrestrial solar UV radiation, which limits the chances of survival of even the highly UV-resistant strain of B. subtilis MW01 in the harsh environments of outer space and the martian surface. 相似文献
379.
Groemer GE Hauth S Luger U Bickert K Sattler B Hauth E Föger D Schildhammer D Agerer C Ragonig C Sams S Kaineder F Knoflach M 《Astrobiology》2012,12(2):125-134
We have developed the space suit simulator Aouda.X, which is capable of reproducing the physical and sensory limitations a flight-worthy suit would have on Mars. Based upon a Hard-Upper-Torso design, it has an advanced human-machine interface and a sensory network connected to an On-Board Data Handling system to increase the situational awareness in the field. Although the suit simulator is not pressurized, the physical forces that lead to a reduced working envelope and physical performance are reproduced with a calibrated exoskeleton. This allows us to simulate various pressure regimes from 0.3-1 bar. Aouda.X has been tested in several laboratory and field settings, including sterile sampling at 2800 m altitude inside a glacial ice cave and a cryochamber at -110°C, and subsurface tests in connection with geophysical instrumentation relevant to astrobiology, including ground-penetrating radar, geoacoustics, and drilling. The communication subsystem allows for a direct interaction with remote science teams via telemetry from a mission control center. Aouda.X as such is a versatile experimental platform for studying Mars exploration activities in a high-fidelity Mars analog environment with a focus on astrobiology and operations research that has been optimized to reduce the amount of biological cross contamination. We report on the performance envelope of the Aouda.X system and its operational limitations. 相似文献
380.
Horikawa DD Yamaguchi A Sakashita T Tanaka D Hamada N Yukuhiro F Kuwahara H Kunieda T Watanabe M Nakahara Y Wada S Funayama T Katagiri C Higashi S Yokobori S Kuwabara M Rothschild LJ Okuda T Hashimoto H Kobayashi Y 《Astrobiology》2012,12(4):283-289
Tardigrades are tiny (less than 1?mm in length) invertebrate animals that have the potential to survive travel to other planets because of their tolerance to extreme environmental conditions by means of a dry ametabolic state called anhydrobiosis. While the tolerance of adult tardigrades to extreme environments has been reported, there are few reports on the tolerance of their eggs. We examined the ability of hydrated and anhydrobiotic eggs of the tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus to hatch after exposure to ionizing irradiation (helium ions), extremely low and high temperatures, and high vacuum. We previously reported that there was a similar pattern of tolerance against ionizing radiation between hydrated and anhydrobiotic adults. In contrast, anhydrobiotic eggs (50% lethal dose; 1690 Gy) were substantially more radioresistant than hydrated ones (50% lethal dose; 509 Gy). Anhydrobiotic eggs also have a broader temperature resistance compared with hydrated ones. Over 70% of the anhydrobiotic eggs treated at either -196°C or +50°C hatched successfully, but all the hydrated eggs failed to hatch. After exposure to high-vacuum conditions (5.3×10(-4) Pa to 6.2×10(-5) Pa), the hatchability of the anhydrobiotic eggs was comparable to that of untreated control eggs. 相似文献