Results of space experiment program "Interferon"

The results of the biological space experiment "Interferon" performed by two international cosmonaut teams (26 May 1980, and 16 May 1981) aboard space laboratory Solyut-6 are reported: (1) Human lymphocytes separated from blood of healthy donors and placed into "Interferon I" equipment could be kept for 7 days in suspension culture under spaceflight conditions. Interferon production could be induced in human lymphocytes by preparations of different origin: virus, synthetic polyribonucleotides, bacterial protein and plant pigment. An increased lymphocyte interferon production in space laboratory compared to ground control was observed. (2) Human interferon preparations and interferon inducers placed in space laboratory at room temperature for 7 days maintained their biological activity. (3) A decrease of induced interferon production and natural killer activity of lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of cosmonauts was observed on the 1st day on Earth after 7-days spaceflight.     

软土地层中的地铁工程

美国华盛顿特区的地铁工程,其中穿越城市西北部的中城Ｅ路工程,它代表了大华盛顿市区公共交通局系统的最后主要的软土地层隧道。全部线路开挖都在水位线以下,工程遇到了重重困难。在交通繁忙的大道下施工,要求把地面的沉降减少到最低限度。该文着重介绍了Ｅ路工程采用的施工方法、排水措施,使之地面沉降得到控制,完成了地铁工程。     

液氧/甲烷火焰和燃烧不稳定性试验

为了解液氧/甲烷火焰在外界扰动作用下的表现,增进对燃烧不稳定性的理解,分别对两种喷剪切同轴式喷嘴结构进行了试验,试验采用单喷嘴矩形模型燃烧室,液氧以液态从中心喷嘴喷注,甲烷以气态从同轴的环形腔喷注。试验中,压力调节装置上的齿轮间断性地堵住和打开安装在燃烧室底部和主喷管旁边的辅助喷管出口,分别向燃烧室输入高频扰动。采用高速照相机记录火焰的OH辐射量,并采用阴影和纹影技术记录液氧的喷雾过程。试验成功激发起了燃烧室一阶横向和一阶纵向振型,在高频扰动作用下,还产生了两次强低频振荡。讨论了分离火焰的特征及其液氧射流在外界扰动作用下的表现和影响参数。     

某型发动机壳体同心度计算和绘图管理信息系统

为解决传统的发动机壳体同心度检查存在的速度慢和偏差大等问题,开发了发动机壳体同心度计算、绘图管理信息系统.介绍了该系统的功能设计情况,重点介绍了如何利用Powerbuildert和Visual basic实现系统的绘图功能.     

铆接结构机身的壁钣化对其制造中装配—安装工作劳动量的影响

1.绪言。基本假设 结构的工艺性就是它适应于用先进生产方法的程度,所谓先进生产方法是能保证产品高度的质量和最低的成本。结构的工艺性首先是决定于结构—工艺的特点,对铆接结构机身而言,它们的壁钣化以及分解成可以独立进行装配的钣件等即为其结构—工艺特点。     

多级固体火箭的最优化分析

和大多数的工程问题一样,固体火箭设计中的经济性是很重要的。因此,对各种运载火箭进行优化分析,就是要在给定的任务条件下,以获得最佳经济效盆作为系统的设计目标。结合现今固体火箭技术的进展情况,本文研究了多级固体火箭的优化设计问题,并导出了多级固体火箭各级具有不同的推进剂比冲和结构参数的一般最优重量分布关系。所采用的最优化准则是在给定有效载荷和末速度的条件下获得最小起飞重量。用拉格朗日待定乘子法推导出多级火箭各参数与不同结构比及推进剂排气速度间的最优关系式,然后用图解法确定这些最优参数。     

环境试验数据和控制系统技术:过去、现在、将来

Michellich先生毕业于堪萨斯大学,获得博士学位。他1966年进入波音公司。他曾搞过土星V的仪表系统试验,S—IC级靜态点火数据处理,研究随机和瞬态数据处理程序、研究振动控制系统软件。现在他在波音航空工程实验室负责研制新的数据收集,试验控制和数据处理系统。     

Lava cave microbial communities within mats and secondary mineral deposits: implications for life detection on other planets

Lava caves contain a wealth of yellow, white, pink, tan, and gold-colored microbial mats; but in addition to these clearly biological mats, there are many secondary mineral deposits that are nonbiological in appearance. Secondary mineral deposits examined include an amorphous copper-silicate deposit (Hawai'i) that is blue-green in color and contains reticulated and fuzzy filament morphologies. In the Azores, lava tubes contain iron-oxide formations, a soft ooze-like coating, and pink hexagons on basaltic glass, while gold-colored deposits are found in lava caves in New Mexico and Hawai'i. A combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular techniques was used to analyze these communities. Molecular analyses of the microbial mats and secondary mineral deposits revealed a community that contains 14 phyla of bacteria across three locations: the Azores, New Mexico, and Hawai'i. Similarities exist between bacterial phyla found in microbial mats and secondary minerals, but marked differences also occur, such as the lack of Actinobacteria in two-thirds of the secondary mineral deposits. The discovery that such deposits contain abundant life can help guide our detection of life on extraterrestrial bodies.     

力传递中的不确定度的极限

近年来国际间比较测量日益增多,本文着重讨论力传感器的试验问题。指出了影响测量不确定度的各种因素。用实例来说明这些误差,并介绍减小误差的方法。