基于多处理机系统在超立方体上并行仿真BP神经网

摘 要 本文介绍了人工神经网络的基本实现途径，并对 Intel iPSC860／P超级计算机系统作了简介，给出了在超立方体上实现BP算法并进行并行仿真所得到的结论     

基于多机理竞争退化的导弹贮存可靠性分析

远程转换开关、无线电高度表、雷达角自动装置、陀螺仪和弹上电源是影响导弹长期贮存可靠性的关键部件.明确导弹贮存剖面,通过定期检测得到长期贮存条件下各关键部件的特征电压值,然后采用移动标准偏差方法描述了各特征电压值的贮存稳定性水平,并对其进行退化规律拟合求得各关键部件贮存寿命.提炼出10套导弹产品的各关键部件贮存寿命,通过分布假设检验和分布参数辨识,求得各关键部件的贮存可靠度模型,最后根据导弹产品随机性、分散性、多机理竞争特点,分析导弹产品在悲观和乐观情况下的可靠性结果.本文的研究思路和结论能为长期贮存条件下贮存类产品的贮存可靠性评估、贮存维护方案研究提供技术支撑.     

Mechanistic identification of cutting force coefficients in bull-nose milling process

An improved method to determine cutting force coefficients for bull-nose cutters is proposed based on the semi-mechanistic cutting force model. Due to variations of cutting speed along the tool axis in bull-nose milling, they affect coefficients significantly and may bring remarkable discrepancies in the prediction of cutting forces. Firstly, the bull-nose cutter is regarded as a finite number of axial discs piled up along the tool axis, and the rigid cutting force model is exerted. Then through discretization along cutting edges, the cutting force related to each element is recalculated, which equals to differential force value between the current and previous elements. In addition, coefficient identification adopts the cubic polynomial fitting method with the slice elevation as its horizontal axis. By calculating relations of cutting speed and cutting depth, the influences of speed variations on cutting force can be derived. Thereby, several tests are conducted to calibrate the coefficients using the improved method, which are applied to later force predictions. Eventually, experimental evaluations are discussed to verify the effectiveness. Compared to the conventional method, the results are more accurate and show satisfactory consistency with the simulations. For further applications, the method is instructive to predict the cutting forces in bull-nose milling with lead or tilt angles and can be extended to the selection of cutting parameters.     

关于某型飞机客舱舷窗组件设计的分析与研究

复合材料有着良好的可设计性和减重性能,客舱舷窗组件也在积极探索应用复合材料的可能。详细分析和探讨了某型飞机客舱舷窗组件的设计。     

航天器规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导

针对航天器近距离操作中的动态障碍物规避问题,研究了一种燃料较省、精度较高的规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导方法。首先,对于引入高斯函数形式斥力势会使势函数在收敛点处的值不为零的情况,对斥力势乘以修正项,使得在收敛点的势能为零,消除了平衡点的偏离;在规避静态障碍物的基础上,研究了规避动态障碍物的人工势函数制导。其次,根据速度与引力梯度之间的关系,设计负反馈,使引力势梯度“适应”速度的变化,研究了规避动态障碍物的自适应人工势函数制导。最后,采用精确的数学模型进行数值仿真,验证所设计的制导律的正确性和有效性,并与传统的人工势函数制导对比。仿真结果表明：采用修正势函数提高了收敛精度;自适应人工势函数制导控制脉冲作用施加更加合理,相比人工势函数而言,总速度脉冲消耗可节省30%,精度提高两个数量级。     

人因工程学在飞机驾驶舱空间布局设计中的应用

回顾了当前驾驶舱设计中人因工程学的研究进展,重点探讨了人因工程学研究方法在飞机驾驶舱空间布局设计中的具体应用,总结了设计中需要遵循的原则,并对驾驶舱设计进一步的研究提出了若干建议。     

反舰导弹命中精度评估方法

研究了基于Bayes方法的反舰导弹命中精度评估方法,提出了导弹命中点系统误差评估方法、Bayes检验方案和CEP评估方法。     

氟化处理工艺对TiAl合金氧化层组织的影响

文章研究了氟离子注入和NH₄F溶液处理对TiAl合金高温氧化层组织结构的影响规律。结果表明:TiAl合金高温氧化层的组织和致密度受氟化处理工艺和参数的影响很大;经过表面氟化处理的TiAl合金高温氧化抗力高于原始合金;随着表面氟含量增加,氧化层的钛元素含量增加,致密度下降,研究表明存在一个最佳的表面氟浓度。     

八水氢氧化钡相变材料储热性能实验

采用八水氢氧化钡（Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O）作为相变储热材料,经过150次熔化-凝固热循环实验,发现随着热循环次数的增加,Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O的相变点温度变化很小,但是该相变材料结晶时存在严重的过冷现象.通过扫描电子显微镜获得50次热循环后Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O与铝合金和紫铜金属材料之间的腐蚀情况图像,图像分析表明,Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O与紫铜有良好的相容性.搭建了含/未含泡沫铜的相变储能装置的实验台,对比实验结果表明,泡沫铜填充不仅可以提高相变材料的传热效率,而且能够有效地降低Ba（OH）₂·8H₂O的过冷度.      

The influence of the spatial and temporal collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters derived from COSMIC radio occultation and digisondes

GPS radio occultation (RO) ionospheric products obtained by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) mission during the year of 2014 and the observations from 3 digisonde stations which are located at different latitudes are used to study the influence of different time and space collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters (ICPs), including the peak density and peak height, derived from the two techniques. The results show that the correlation coefficients (CC) and the standard deviation of the absolute biases (SDAB) between the ICPs derived from the two techniques vary distinctly under different spatial and time collocation windows. Generally, the CC (SDAB) of the ICPs decrease (increase) as the size of the collocation window increases in time dimension or in space dimension. The rate of change of the statistic parameters with the increase in the size of the collocation window in time dimension and space dimension is analyzed for each digisonde station. It is found that within the collocation window of $\left(60\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n},{20}^{°},{20}^{°}\right)$, the influence of the increase of $1^{°}$ in the space window on the statistical comparison is much more significant than that of the increase of 1?min in the time window, and it is suggested that there can be appropriate relaxation on the time window within the threshold of 60?min to get a balance between the quality of the comparison results and the number of the matched pairs. In addition, it is found that the same variations in the longitude window and in the latitude window may have different influences on the comparison results when the horizontal gradients in electron density are distinctly different along different directions at the digisonde station, and strict space collocation window is preferred when comparing the observations from COSMIC RO with those from the digisonde station in such cases.