控制策略对无轴承开关磁阻电机

分析了无轴承开关磁阻电机(BSRM)的3种负载控制策略(方波控制策略、最小磁势控制策略和平均悬浮力控制策略),以及每种策略下由悬浮力方程和转矩方程求解超前角和绕组电流的方法。由于控制对象和求解过程所引入约束条件的不同,即便相同负载状况时,3种控制策略求取的超前角和绕组电流结果也不同。利用瞬态有限元法获得了电机的动态磁密分布,并研究了3种控制策略下电机分别表现出的磁场特性。通过双频法分离铁损,分别计算了3种控制策略在不同转速时的电机涡流损耗和磁滞损耗,给出了电机铁心各部分损耗随转速变化的关系,由此得到了3种控制策略对铁心损耗的影响。     

适于黏性计算的自适应笛卡儿网格生成及其应用

复杂外形的黏性网格生成已经成为计算流体力学(CFD)在工程应用中的主要瓶颈,高效而鲁棒的网格生成技术研究显得尤为迫切。使用基于物面外形自适应加密的笛卡儿网格方法生成计算网格,投影方法拟合壁面边界,将投影得到的柱形单元沿法向分层获得适于黏性计算的网格。应用特征恢复技术恢复凹面特征并改善凸面处的网格质量。流场解算中应用最小二乘法重构获得2阶精度,Roe格式计算无黏通量,Holmes-Connell方法计算黏性通量。加入Spalart-Allmaras一方程湍流模型以获得湍流解。上下对称高斯 赛德尔迭代(LU-SGS)格式隐式时间推进,对网格重排序保证格式的稳定性和平衡性。算例显示网格生成方法是快速的和鲁棒的,流场计算精度满足工程需求,因此该方法非常适合应用于实际工程计算。     

惯性/星光/卫星组合导航系统可视化仿真研究及实现

组合导航可视化仿真是验证多传感器组合导航方案、算法正确性和可靠性的有效手段,可以通过曲线、图形的方式对多传感器组合导航过程进行三维直观演示。为充分验证所提出的惯性/星光/卫星多传感器组合导航系统的精度和可靠性,本文设计了基于VC++的多传感器组合导航的算法可视化仿真验证系统,采用任务分离技术分配主辅线程实现界面显示和算法运算并行工作,同时利用API函数实现高效、高速的串口传输和界面显示,提高系统的实时性。实验结果表明,本文设计的系统可以满足多传感器组合导航系统可视化仿真演示的需要,运行稳定可靠。     

倾转旋翼机短舱倾转机构动力学仿真分析

研究倾转旋翼机短舱倾转机构在短舱从固定翼模式运动到直升机模式过程中的动力学特性具有重要的意义.在短舱倾转机构传力分析及运动学分析的基础上,应用LMS Motion建立了短舱倾转机构多体动力学仿真模型,定义短舱倾转机构的各构件及其属性,创建各构件之间的运动副,定义运动机构驱动,创建外力和力矩以模拟真实的工况,得到并分析短舱和丝杠的主要运动参数曲线以及机构主交点的受力变化情况.结果表明:丝杠与短舱连接点处作用力随短舱的仰角增大先减小再增大,短舱与机翼支点处作用力随着短舱的仰角增大而逐渐增大.研究结果可为倾转旋翼机短舱倾转机构的参数确定提供参考.     

基于响应面近似技术的平流层飞艇协同设计优化

针对平流层飞艇多学科设计优化问题,引入协同优化算法,分析基于响应面近似模型的协同优化方法CO/RSA的执行步骤和特点,并介绍响应面近似模型的构建方法;建立平流层飞艇各学科模型,并对学科间耦合关系进行分析;运用建立的气动/推进、结构、能源三个耦合子系统的学科分析模型和系统优化模型,以平流层飞艇总质量最小为优化目标,综合考虑浮重、推阻和能源平衡,采用CO/RSA方法对平流层飞艇进行设计优化.结果表明:所建立的平流层飞艇的MDO模型是合理的,CO/RSA算法应用于飞艇总体设计优化是有效的,研究结果可为平流层飞艇方案论证和方案设计提供参考.     

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

高超声速复杂气动问题数值方法研究进展

高超声速流场具有复杂流动特征,其中真实气体效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等对气动力分析产生了重要影响。将流体力学研究扩展到分子动力学、电磁流体力学以及流固耦合等交叉学科领域,这给数值模拟方法带来了巨大挑战。针对高超声速气动力/热分析的热点问题,重点关注高温效应与低密度流动效应、磁流体干扰效应和力热结构耦合效应等,结合算例分析了相应的数值求解技术;在气动热方面主要比较了3类求解方法(纯工程方法、纯数值方法和基于Prandtl边界层理论的方法),并给出了相应算例;对于气动力/热/结构耦合问题,从耦合模型及耦合计算方法两方面开展了分析。最后指出了高超声速复杂气动问题数值求解技术未来需重点关注的几个方面。     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

商用飞机驾驶舱造型设计特征研究

介绍了国内外商用飞机驾驶舱设计的历史及现状,在分析多类飞机驾驶舱造型设计图片资料的基础上,探讨主要飞机制造商驾驶舱造型设计的特征。依据驾驶舱造型的相似性,对国际上12家商用飞机制造商的66款机型的驾驶舱进行聚类分析和多维尺度分析,挑选出10款有代表性的驾驶舱。在提取代表性驾驶舱造型特征线后,分析主要飞机制造商的驾驶舱造型设计特点及差异,为新型飞机驾驶舱造型设计提供参考。     

美国NASA的适航气动研究及启示

飞机适航管理是以民用航空器为对象的强制性、法规性和技术性飞行安全管理。简述美、欧等世界航空大国飞机适航管理及适航规章;研究美国NASA在飞机适航领域开展的气动研究工作;探讨我国国家空气动力试验机构服务于适航工作的途径。