两向二维最大子类散度差鉴别分析及其在SAR目标识别中的应用

针对Fisher线性判决分析（FLDA）在图像识别应用中遇到的小样本问题,提出了两向二维最大子类散度差（(2D)2MCSD）鉴别分析的图像特征提取方法。首先找到每类数据的子类划分,再根据这些子类构造基于二维图像矩阵的子类类间和子类类内散布矩阵,最后用子类类间与子类类内散布之差作为鉴别准则求取投影矢量。该方法可以处理多模分布问题,从根本上避免了矩阵求逆和小样本问题,加快了特征抽取的速度,且同时对图像行和列进行压缩,克服了二维最大子类散度差（2DMCSD）鉴别分析和另一种形式的2DMCSD（Alternate 2DMCSD）的特征维数较大的问题。基于美国运动和静止目标获取与识别（MSTAR）公共数据库提供的实测数据的实验结果表明：本文方法的性能优于现有的子空间方法;与2DMCSD和Alternate 2DMCSD相比,可大大降低特征维数、提高识别性能。     

航天器用聚合物介质抗内带电改性技术

采用对航天器聚合物介质进行非线性电导改性的方法消除或削弱材料的内带电现象,以期达到消除介质脉冲放电对航天器可靠性的威胁的目标.实验研究发现,采用具有非线性电导率特性的粉粒(添加剂)对航天器用PTFE和EP进行改性,该两种复合介质材料均可产生显著的非线性电导特性.而且,该种添加剂可以显著降低PTFE的非线性电导阈值,改变EP的非线性电导特性的陡度,而不会对两种材料的直流电气强度产生显著影响.     

雷达天线罩应急修补技术

以战时雷达天线罩的快速抢修为背景,利用研制的室温快速固化胶黏剂J-232、补片材料对雷达天线罩可能出现的战时损伤进行了模拟修补和试验验证.结果表明:所采用的修补材料及补片胶接修补技术完全满足某型号雷达天线罩应急修补技术要求,并能延长雷达天线罩的使用寿命.     

线性调频步进雷达ISAR信号特性及成像

文章在建立了线性调频步进ISAR回波信号模型的基础上,对线性调频步进雷达ISAR信号特性进行了详细的分析,指出了由径向速度和转动速度所引起的耦合项、一次项和二次项对距离合成高分辨和方位聚焦的影响;给出了线性调频步进雷达ISAR成像的详细步骤,并用仿真论证了文章分析的可靠性。     

阵风发生装置流场测量与分析

以小型阵风发生装置为研究对象,采用二维热线风速仪,测量了不同工况下的阵风装置流场参数,给出了二维热线仪测量方案和在线角度修正方法,以及阵风幅值和波形稳定性计算方法。结果表明：采用风洞在线角度修正,可以提高二维热线的y向测量精度和测试效率;采用波形相位分析方法,可以满足阵风发生器产生的周期性波形的幅值和流场脉动量分析;阵风幅值与4～15Hz的叶栅摆动频率、8°～30°的叶栅摆动角度、50～100mm的叶栅弦长成正比关系;阵风波形的不稳定性（等相位速度脉动量）与叶栅摆动角度、来流速度有一定的线性关系,在本试验范围内随叶栅摆动角度、来流速度的增加而增加,同时,适当的叶栅摆动频率可以降低叶栅的波形不稳定性。研究结论对阵风发生装置研制及其流场测量具有一定的参考意义。     

飞机线束数字化制造系统研究与开发

针对某线束企业目前线束工艺缺乏有效校验、设计效率低、生产过程管理和技术状态控制薄弱的现状,在分析航空线束工艺设计和制造现状的基础上提出建立数字化制造系统,利用信息技术为工艺设计提供智能辅助支持,实现对生产过程的显性化管理和对技术状态的有效控制。通过建立数字化制造系统,在提高线束工艺设计的效率、加强对工艺文件的技术状态管理、提升对线束生产过程的控制能力等方面取得了明显的进步,并通过实例验证系统的实用性和有效性。     

Analysis of Regolith Properties Using Seismic Signals Generated by InSight’s HP<Superscript>3</Superscript> Penetrator

InSight’s Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) provides a unique and unprecedented opportunity to conduct the first geotechnical survey of the Martian soil by taking advantage of the repeated seismic signals that will be generated by the mole of the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP³). Knowledge of the elastic properties of the Martian regolith have implications to material strength and can constrain models of water content, and provide context to geological processes and history that have acted on the landing site in western Elysium Planitia. Moreover, it will help to reduce travel-time errors introduced into the analysis of seismic data due to poor knowledge of the shallow subsurface. The challenge faced by the InSight team is to overcome the limited temporal resolution of the sharp hammer signals, which have significantly higher frequency content than the SEIS 100 Hz sampling rate. Fortunately, since the mole propagates at a rate of \(\sim1~\mbox{mm}\) per stroke down to 5 m depth, we anticipate thousands of seismic signals, which will vary very gradually as the mole travels.Using a combination of field measurements and modeling we simulate a seismic data set that mimics the InSight HP3-SEIS scenario, and the resolution of the InSight seismometer data. We demonstrate that the direct signal, and more importantly an anticipated reflected signal from the interface between the bottom of the regolith layer and an underlying lava flow, are likely to be observed both by Insight’s Very Broad Band (VBB) seismometer and Short Period (SP) seismometer. We have outlined several strategies to increase the signal temporal resolution using the multitude of hammer stroke and internal timing information to stack and interpolate multiple signals, and demonstrated that in spite of the low resolution, the key parameters—seismic velocities and regolith depth—can be retrieved with a high degree of confidence.     

Development of the Primary Sorption Pump for the SEIS Seismometer of the InSight Mission to Mars

We report on the development of a passive sorption pump, capable of maintaining high-vacuum conditions in the InSight seismometer throughout the duration of any extended mission. The adsorber material is a novel zeolite-loaded aerogel (ZLA) composite, which consists of fine zeolite particles homogeneously dispersed throughout a porous silica network. The outgassing species within the SEIS evacuated container were analyzed and the outgassing rate was estimated by different methods. The results were used to optimize the ZLA composition to adsorb the outgassing constituents, dominated by water, while minimizing the SEIS bakeout constraints. The InSight ZLA composite additionally facilitated substantial CO₂ adsorption capabilities for risk mitigation against external leaks in Mars atmosphere. To comply with the stringent particle requirements, the ZLA getters were packaged in sealed containers, open to the SEIS interior through \(1~\upmu\mbox{m}\)-size pore filters. Results from experimental validation and verification tests of the packaged getters are presented. The pressure forecast based on these data, corroborated by rudimentary in situ pressure measurements, infer SEIS operational pressures not exceeding \(10^{-5}~\mbox{mbar}\) throughout the mission.     

A Pre-Landing Assessment of Regolith Properties at the InSight Landing Site

This article discusses relevant physical properties of the regolith at the Mars InSight landing site as understood prior to landing of the spacecraft. InSight will land in the northern lowland plains of Mars, close to the equator, where the regolith is estimated to be \(\geq3\mbox{--}5~\mbox{m}\) thick. These investigations of physical properties have relied on data collected from Mars orbital measurements, previously collected lander and rover data, results of studies of data and samples from Apollo lunar missions, laboratory measurements on regolith simulants, and theoretical studies. The investigations include changes in properties with depth and temperature. Mechanical properties investigated include density, grain-size distribution, cohesion, and angle of internal friction. Thermophysical properties include thermal inertia, surface emissivity and albedo, thermal conductivity and diffusivity, and specific heat. Regolith elastic properties not only include parameters that control seismic wave velocities in the immediate vicinity of the Insight lander but also coupling of the lander and other potential noise sources to the InSight broadband seismometer. The related properties include Poisson’s ratio, P- and S-wave velocities, Young’s modulus, and seismic attenuation. Finally, mass diffusivity was investigated to estimate gas movements in the regolith driven by atmospheric pressure changes. Physical properties presented here are all to some degree speculative. However, they form a basis for interpretation of the early data to be returned from the InSight mission.     

压气机叶片前缘形状的改进设计

本文使用数值模拟方法研究了压气机叶片前缘形状对叶片气动性能的影响。来流环绕圆弧形前缘表面发生过度膨胀形成吸力峰; 当来流湍流度和雷诺数较低时, 会导致前缘层流分离。虽然椭圆形前缘可以减弱吸力峰, 提高叶片气动性能, 但是椭圆形前缘加工困难, 费用较高, 有鉴于此, 本文设计了易于加工的新型前缘形状—带平台的圆弧形前缘, 它可以明显减弱吸力峰, 达到与椭圆形前缘 (a/b=2)相近的改善叶片气动性能的效果。