电工实验室的建设与实践

实验教学环节在高等学校有着重要的地位和作用.因此,必须开展实验室的建设工作,充分发挥其在实践性教学和科学研究中的作用.介绍了电工实验教学改革的内容,以及实验室内涵的建设.实验室开放不仅能充分利用学校实验室资源,提高教学水平,而且有助于培养具有创新能力的高素质人才.     

单向Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料中碳纤维和热解碳微结构的ＸＲＤ法分析

为了研究单向C/C复合材料中碳纤维和热解碳的微结构特征,采用X射线衍射仪对T300碳纤维/热解碳单向复合材料进行了表征,并通过XRD谱峰的分峰处理和复合材料衍射峰与碳纤维衍射峰的峰减处理分析了碳纤维和热解碳的微结构特征.研究发现,分峰处理可以有效地将复合材料衍射峰中反映碳纤维和热解碳结构的衍射信号分离,结合对它们衍射峰的特征参数分别进行分析,可以得到碳纤维和热解碳的微晶参数.通过对比复合材料中碳纤维与自由态碳纤维的微晶参数可以发现,由于复合材料中碳纤维经受应力石墨化作用,复合态碳纤维的结构比自由态碳纤维更易于向类石墨结构发育;峰减处理法对于分析002衍射峰比较有效,获得的热解碳的d002和Lc与分峰处理获得的数据相当,但由于10峰受背景峰信号的影响较大,峰减处理法对10峰的分析存在较大误差,获得的La与分峰处理获得的数据偏差较大.     

SiO_2-C复合气凝胶的制备及其结构

以间苯二酚(R)和甲醛(F)为碳源,以3-胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)为硅源,一步溶胶一凝胶法简单快捷地合成了SiO_2-RF复合气凝胶,高温碳化后得到SiO_2-C复合气凝胶,并用扫描电镜、比表面分析仪对所得样品的结构进行了研究,并讨论了不同投料比对气凝胶结构的影响.结果表明碳化前,投料比APTES/R=1时,所得气凝胶具有最大的比表面积(S_(BET)=606.1 m~2/g),碳化后,由于体积收缩和酚醛热解产生新孔隙双重因素的影响,投料比AFTES/R=1/2时样品的比表面积达到最大(S_(BET)=704.2 m~2/g).     

金属图象分割的研究

结合金属图象的特点,利用传统阚值分割技术和基于最大熵原则的图象分割技术对金属图象分割进行了分析;并根据金属图象分析要求,提出了先二值化金属图象再进行边缘提取的方法.对比实验结果表明,基于最大熵原则的图象分割技术可以获得较好的分割效果,所提出的方法能够获得连续闭合的晶粒边缘,为下一步的金属图象分析提供了可靠的依据.     

多径衰落条件下两种常规测向方法的误差问题

讨论了莱斯多径衰落信道模型在两类常规测向技术中的应用。利用常规测向技术对信噪比的特定要求,分析了具有莱斯分布特性衰落信道对比相、比幅测向误差抖动的影响,给出了其分布函数,并通过仿真指出其应用限制。最后就工程应用中所关心的模型参数获取和采样点数确定等问题作一论述。     

航空发动机主燃烧室稳定工作范围研究

应用火焰传播理论、二维两相紊流燃烧的k-ε模型、EBU-Arrhen ius模型、颗粒群轨道模型和AD INA软件,计算出了某型在研航空发动机在不同飞行状态下的主燃烧室贫油熄火时的流场、温度场和压力场;计算值与试验结果比较吻合,证实了数值模拟的合理性和可行性。     

航空发动机研制降低费用、缩短周期技术综述

概述了国外航空发动机研制费用和周期的情况;从高比例继承和多领域通用2方面,重点介绍了在国外航空发动机研制中降低费用、缩短周期所采用的成熟技术,同时介绍了优化设计技术和并行工程技术。     

飞行器性能数据的可视化研究

随着计算机编程和计算技术的发展,数据可视化技术已广泛应用于科学和工程计算领域.本文以飞行器巡航性能数据的可视化为例,采用二维图形几何变换和曲线拟合变换实现了对飞行器性能数据的可视化.     

Performance improvement for constellation SAR using signal processing techniques

A new concept of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) implementation has recently been proposed - the constellation of small spaceborne SAR systems. In this implementation, several formation-flying small satellites cooperate to perform multiple space missions. We investigate the possibility to produce high-resolution wide-area SAR images and fine ground moving-target indicator (GMTI) performance with constellation of small spaceborne SAR systems. In particular, we focus on the problems introduced by this particular SAR system, such as Doppler ambiguities, high sparseness of the satellite array, and array element errors. A space-time adaptive processing (STAP) approach combined with conventional SAR imaging algorithms is proposed which can solve these problems to some extent. The main idea of the approach is to use a STAP-based method to properly overcome the aliasing effect caused by the lower pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) and thereby retrieve the unambiguous azimuth wide (full) spectrum signals from the received echoes. Following this operation, conventional SAR data processing tools can be applied to focus the SAR images fully. The proposed approach can simultaneously achieve both high-resolution SAR mapping of wide ground scenes and GMTI with high efficiency. To obtain array element errors, an array auto-calibration technique is proposed to estimate them based on the angular and Doppler ambiguity analysis of the clutter echo. The optimizing of satellite formations is also analyzed, and a platform velocity/PRF criterion for array configurations is presented. An approach is given to make it possible that almost any given sparse array configuration can satisfy the criterion by slightly adjusting the PRF. Simulated results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

Effect of earth?s rotation and range foldover on space-based radar performance

Space-based radar (SBR) by virtue of its motion generates a Doppler frequency component to the clutter return from any point on the Earth as a function of the SBR-Earth geometry. The effect of the rotation of the Earth around its own axis also adds an additional component to this Doppler frequency. The overall effect of the rotation of the Earth on the Doppler turns out to be two correction factors in terms of a crab angle affecting the azimuth angle, and a crab magnitude scaling the Doppler magnitude of the clutter patch. Interestingly, both these quantities depend only on the SBR orbit inclination and its latitude and not on the location of the clutter patch of interest. Further, the crab angle has maximum effect for an SBR on a polar orbit that is above the equator. The crab magnitude, on the other hand, peaks for an SBR on an equatorial orbit. Together with the range foldover phenomenon, their overall effect is to generate Doppler spread/splitting resulting in wider clutter notches that degrade the clutter nulling performance of adaptive processing techniques. A detailed performance analysis and methods to minimize these effects are discussed here