热处理对高Co-Ni超高强度钢冲击断口的影响

研究了不同固溶及回火温度对高Co-Ni超高强度钢23Co 14Ni12Cr3Mo的Charpy V型缺口试样冲击功AKV和硬度HRC的影响,并用扫描电镜观察分析不同处理状态下的冲击断口形貌,用透射电镜对未溶碳化物进行了分析.结果表明,在850～930 ℃范围内固溶,随温度的提高,冲击功升高,硬度先升高后降低;在454～510 ℃范围内回火,随温度的提高,冲击功也增加,硬度降低.断口形貌观察结果表明,试验用钢冲击断口形貌均呈韧窝状,为韧性穿晶断裂,随固溶温度升高韧窝变大变深.韧窝中发现M23C6型碳化物颗粒,随固溶温度的升高而逐渐减少,提高固溶温度对改善试验用材料综合性能有利.     

基于CATIA的机床夹具元件快速造型方法

介绍了基于CATIA的CAA架构对实体进行参数化建模的方法,以一个航空夹具设计为实例,开发了基于CAA及零件特征的参数化航空夹具设计模块,为基于CATIA的航空夹具元件快速造型做了技术方法的探索.     

气动FA补偿变结构Bang-Bang位置伺服算法

 首先提出了一种基于两位两通高速开关阀的无杆气缸脉宽调制（PWM）控制方案,为气缸提供了中位截止机能。然后针对Bang-Bang控制算法中存在的超调和振荡现象,提出了摩擦力和加速度（FA）补偿的变结构Bang-Bang算法。该算法综合位置和速度误差的影响构造了加速度方向切换评价函数,考虑了摩擦力对控制量设定的影响,分别依据阶跃函数、线性函数和反正切函数对活塞加速度值进行动态设定,实现了运动过程中对活塞摩擦力的补偿和加速度的调整。最后,利用该算法进行了无杆气缸的带载伺服定位试验,对3种加速度设定函数的控制效果做了比较。结果证明FA补偿变结构算法在提高气缸定位精度方面有显著效果。     

Nonlinear Dynamics Behaviors of a Rotor Roller Bearing System with Radial Clearances and Waviness Considered

A rotor system supported by roller beatings displays very complicated nonlinear behaviors due to nonlinear Hertzian contact forces, radial clearances and bearing waviness. This paper presents nonlinear bearing forces of a roller bearing under four-dimensional loads and establishes 4-DOF dynamics equations of a rotor roller bearing system. The methods of Newmark-β and of Newton-Laphson are used to solve the nonlinear equations. The dynamics behaviors of a rigid rotor system are studied through the bifurcation, the Poincar è maps, the spectrum diagrams and the axis orbit of responses of the system. The results show that the system is liable to undergo instability caused by the quasi-periodic bifurcation, the periodic-doubling bifurcation and chaos routes as the rotational speed increases. Clearances, outer race waviness, inner race waviness, roller waviness, damping, radial forces and unbalanced forces-all these bring a significant influence to bear on the system stability. As the clearance increases, the dynamics behaviors become complicated with the number and the scale of instable regions becoming larger. The vibration frequencies induced by the roller bearing waviness and the orders of the waviness might cause severe vibrations. The system is able to eliminate non-periodic vibration by reasonable choice and optimization of the parameters.     

腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的马尔可夫链模型

在腐蚀环境下对LY12CZ铝合金试验件进行疲劳裂纹扩展试验,通过高倍显微镜观测并记录裂纹长度及相应的循环数。基于疲劳裂纹扩展数据的分散性及统计特性,提出用马尔可夫链模型模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展,得到给定疲劳寿命时的裂纹超出数概率分布和给定裂纹长度时的疲劳寿命累积概率分布。将模拟结果与试验结果进行比较表明:马尔可夫链模型能够很好地模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展情况,为飞机结构的寿命预测和可靠性分析提供参考。     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl–ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl–ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples pas-sivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those pas-sivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti:Ni=9.01:1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

一种适用于压气机非定常流动的相位滞后算法

应用相位滞后边界条件,以1∶1的转、静叶计算域,在不改变转子尾迹及静子势干扰的频率的条件下,计算叶轮机非定常流场.以NASAstage₆₇为算例,计算结果与实验数据相吻合,表明采用的方法具有较大的工程实用性.      

D-最优试验设计在动力调谐陀螺测试中的应用

 为了提高动力调谐陀螺的静态漂移误差测试精度,针对简化静态漂移误差模型,并且考虑陀螺安装角误差的影响,依据D-最优试验设计理论以及正交设计的均匀分散性试验设计思路,设计了一种满足D-最优性质的正交八位置试验方案,并在整个正交空间内采用全局搜索的方法验证了其D-最优性。在相同试验环境下,采用力反馈位置试验法,以全正交空间预测误差平方和最小为评价准则,对该八位置试验方案和国军标GJB1183—91中的八位置试验方案进行比较与评价,试验结果表明该八位置试验方案优于国军标GJB1183—91中八位置试验方案。     

某型先进发动机燃油喷嘴雾化特性的试验研究及火焰筒头部数值模拟

使用相位多普勒粒子分析仪和激光多普勒粒子测速仪系统(PDPA/LDV)等设备测量了某型航空发动机喷嘴的雾化特性,主要包括:喷嘴流量特性,雾化粒度(SMD)和喷雾锥角。应用Fluent软件,对装用该喷嘴的燃烧室火焰筒进行了数值模拟。试验和计算结果得出了一些有价值的结论,对该发动机的燃油喷嘴和火焰筒头部温度场、速度场有深入了解,对其改进提供了重要依据。     

面向多种复杂零件的高精度人机协同装配系统

实现复杂三维结构体及小刚度零件的自动装配是极其困难的,为了解决此类零件难以夹持以及夹持变形的难题,分别设计了针对复杂结构的本体件快换夹持器和针对小刚度零件的气囊柔性夹持器以及针对微小平板类零件真空吸附式夹持器,并融合高精度调整技术以及合理的检测技术,设计了一台面向多种复杂零件的高精度人机协同装配系统。使用Abaqus仿真计算了气囊柔性夹持器对小刚度零件夹持变形的影响,零件特征面的弹性变形仅为1μm。通过装配间隙仅为32μm的轴孔对位装配实验,证明了该装配系统能完成零件间2μm~3μm高精度装配。该装配系统能够解放劳动力,提高生产装配的自动化。