Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.     

Coupling damage and reliability model of low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact based on the local stress–strain approach

Fatigue induced products generally bear fatigue loads accompanied by impact processes,which reduces their reliable life rapidly. This paper introduces a reliability assessment model based on a local stress–strain approach considering both low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact loads.Two coupling relationships between fatigue and impact are given with effects of an impact process on fatigue damage and effects of fatigue damage on impact performance. The analysis of the former modifies the fatigue parameters and the Manson–Coffin equation for fatigue life based on material theories. On the other hand, the latter proposes the coupling variables and the difference of fracture toughness caused by accumulative fatigue damage. To form an overall reliability model including both fatigue failure and impact failure, a competing risk model is developed. A case study of an actuator cylinder is given to validate this method.     

Determination of thermal expansion coefficients for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites

In the present work, the coefficients of thermal expansion（CTEs） of unidirectional（UD）fiber-reinforced composites are studied. First, an attempt is made to propose a model to predict both longitudinal and transverse CTEs of UD composites by means of thermo-elastic mechanics analysis. The proposed model is supposed to be a concentric cylinder with a transversely isotropic fiber embedded in an isotropic matrix, and it is subjected to a uniform temperature change. Then a concise and explicit formula is offered for each CTE. Finally, some finite element（FE） models are created by a finite element program MSC. Patran according to different material systems and fiber volume fractions. In addition, the available experimental data and results of other analytical solutions of CTEs are presented. Comparisons are made among the results of the cylinder model,the finite element method（FEM）, experiments, and other solutions, which show that the predicted CTEs by the new model are in good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, transverse CTEs generally offer better agreements than those predicted by most of other solutions.     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.     

引入压力梯度的针对角区分离流动的Spalart-Allmaras模型的改进

针对Spalart-Allmaras（S-A）模型在角区分离计算中的问题,将无量纲的压力梯度引入其涡黏性输运方程的生成项,得到了改进的S-A模型.通过对两套含角区分离的低速压气机叶栅进行验证计算发现:与实验结果相比,原始S-A模型所得的分离区偏大,分离区内壁面压力偏低;而改进模型得到了与实验一致的分离区尺寸以及吸力面、压力面压力系数分布等结果.针对S-A模型涡黏性生成项和耗散项的分析表明:引入的无量纲压力梯度有效的识别了角区分离,在分离区内改变了涡黏性的生成、耗散关系,增大了涡黏性,从而缩小了计算所得分离区,同时在主流区保留了原始S-A模型的计算结果,进而带来了良好的改进效果.      

基于自然激励技术的颤振边界预测

为了预测紊流激励条件下机翼的颤振边界,基于自然激励技术提取紊流响应的自由衰减信号,采用矩阵束方法识别模态参数,最后通过Z-W(Zimmerman-Weissenburger)方法计算稳定性判据,拟合判据变化曲线并外推颤振边界.对平板机翼模型进行了数值仿真分析,对单独机翼模型风洞颤振试验数据进行了计算.结果表明:采用自然激励技术与矩阵束方法能够较准确地识别紊流激励响应的模态参数,频率识别误差小于6％,阻尼比识别误差小于30％,结合Z-W方法能够在较低风速较早地预测颤振边界,有助于提高试验的安全性.     

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

高温长期时效对一种镍基单晶合金拉伸和持久性能的影响

研究了高温长期时效对一种镍基单晶合金在室温条件下瞬时拉伸强度和在950℃/240MPa条件下持久性能的影响。结果表明:1000℃短期时效100h,合金室温拉伸强度σb与屈服强度σ0.2与时效前相比没有明显变化,时效超过500h后σb和σ0.2开始显著下降,时效超过1000h后,σb和σ0.2随时效时间延长下降幅度减小;短期时效100h和500h样品在950℃/240MPa条件下的持久寿命大幅度降低,延伸率快速上升,时效时间超过1000h后,持久寿命的下降幅度减小,合金的持久寿命与延伸率均趋于稳定。长期时效后γ'相形貌改变及γ/γ'相界面高密度位错网的破坏是时效后合金室温及高温持久性能持续降低的主要原因。     

柔性热膜剪应力传感器水下测量温度修正

柔性热膜微传感器应用于流体壁面剪应力测量时,流体温度对传感器输出有很大影响,因此有必要对工作在非标定温度下的传感器输出信号进行修正补偿。重点研究了水下测量时传感器输出与水温的关系以及温度修正方法。通过分析传感器过热比和流体物理性质与温度的相关性,建立了流体温度与传感器过热比和标定系数的函数关系。在此基础上,提出了一种用于水下剪应力测量的温度修正方法,可以有效减小水温对传感器输出的影响。经实验验证,该方法可以使工作在25℃、28℃水温环境下的传感器输出值与其20℃标定值的相对误差从23．7％和37．1％回落到0．82％和0．83％。     

带迎角钨杆斜侵彻铝板数值仿真研究

为研究迎角对钨杆斜侵过程的影响,开展了带迎角钨杆斜侵彻铝板数值仿真研究。仿真中采用SPH方法,Shock状态方程和Steinberg本构模型。钨杆共有两种尺寸,分别为Φ10mm×23mm和Φ10mm×46mm。铝板厚10mm,撞击速度为2km/s,撞击角度为60°。为简化分析,将迎角分解为俯仰角和偏航角,其中俯仰角范围为-90°～90°,偏航角范围为0°～90°。对钨杆侵彻过程的分析结果表明：斜侵彻存在临界迎角,在临界迎角范围内钨杆所受力矩可忽略不计;在临界迎角范围外,钨杆将发生弯曲甚至折断。对钨杆的剩余质量分析结果表明：当偏航角为0°且钨杆未折断时,剩余质量只在较小的范围内变化;当俯仰角为0°时,剩余质量随迎角增加线性减小。对钨杆的剩余速度分析结果表明：偏航角对剩余速度的影响与俯仰角对剩余速度的影响基本一致,剩余速度曲线关于0°迎角基本对称。根据仿真结果,采用曲线拟合的方法给出了钨杆斜侵彻铝板的剩余速度经验公式。