高速球轴承打滑的临界负荷研究

对高速球轴承滚动体受力分析,得出其打滑机理.建立轴承零件相互位置关系模型确定了各零件的理论转速.用拟静力学和拟动力学结合的方法计算承受联合负荷球轴承的临界轴向负荷.以27927NK1W1(H)航空轴承为算例,研究了承受不同载荷的临界负荷.结果表明径向载荷对临界负荷值的影响较大;当保持架转速明显趋于平稳且承载滚动体不发生打滑时,得到承受联合负荷轴承的临界负荷.用Gupta的典型算例和Poplowski的试验结果对该方法的可靠性进行了验证.      

航空发动机高速球轴承动态特性分析

 高速滚动轴承的动态特性对航空发动机转子系统的性能有重要的影响,为尽可能真实模拟轴承实际运转情况,建立轴承零件相互作用模型得到各零件之间力和力矩,使用较精确的弹流模型计算拖动力,采用拟动力学法建立任意受载的球轴承动力学分析模型,提出了工程中非线性方程组的高效解法。编制调试了计算程序READ ( Rolling Element bearing Advanced Dynamics tool),以276927NK1W1(H)航空轴承为算例分析了工况参数和结构参数对滚动轴承动态特性的影响规律,最后通过Gupta的动力学程序算例验证了程序的准确性。轴承动态特性的研究为研究航空发动机转子轴承集成系统动态性能分析奠定了基础。     

Technology-based design and scaling for RTGs for space exploration in the 100 W range

This paper presents the results of a study on design considerations for a 100 W radioisotope thermo-electric generator (RTG). Special emphasis has been put on designing a modular, multi-purpose system with high overall TRL levels and making full use of the extensive Russian heritage in the design of radioisotope power systems. The modular approach allowed insight into the scaling of such RTGs covering the electric power range from 50 to 200 W_e (EoL). The retained concept is based on a modular thermal block structure, a radiative inner-RTG heat transfer and using a two-stage thermo-electric conversion system.     

加速度计调零控制器的系统校正方法

针对挠性加速度计在调零时的系列问题,提出了一种防止系统振荡和提高系统静态精度的校正方法。通过计算机仿真和实际使用效果表明,可以有效地防止系统振荡并较好地提高系统的静态精度。并在加速度计未充油时就可知道其性能好坏。     

Calcium movements and the cellular basis of gravitropism.

An early gravity-transduction event in oat coleoptiles which precedes any noticeable bending is the accumulation of calcium on their prospective slower-growing side. Sub-cellular calcium localization studies indicate that the gravity-stimulated redistribution of calcium results in an increased concentration of calcium in the walls of responding cells. Since calcium can inhibit the extension growth of plant cell walls, this selective accumulation of calcium in walls may play a role in inducing the asymmetry of growth which characterizes gravitropism. The active transport of calcium from cells into walls is performed by a calcium-dependent ATPase localized in the plasma membrane. Evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that this calcium pump is regulated by a feed-back mechanism which includes the participation of calmodulin.     

Theory of planetary radio-emissions

In this short review, we limit our comments to the different theories which have been proposed to explain the observed features of the terrestrial, Jovian and Saturnian radio-emissions, and mainly to the high frequency portion of the spectra.     

毛细管放电型脉冲等离子体推力器输出特性分析

为了研究毛细管放电型脉冲等离子体推力器输出特性,借助电学诊断手段展开实验研究,获得了推力器典型放电波形,系统研究了不同毛细管内径和施加电压对等离子体等效阻抗、沉积能量效率的影响规律。利用微冲量测量台架,测试了不同参数下毛细管推力器输出元冲量,并通过计算获得了推力器比冲、总体效率的变化规律。实验结果表明,当毛细管内径不断增大时,能量沉积效率不断下降,元冲量下降,比冲降低。主电容电压增大时,放电能量不断增大,能量沉积效率降低,元冲量和单次等效烧蚀质量不断增大,但推力器比冲和总体效率均先增加并趋于稳定。当毛细管腔体长度为16mm,内径3mm,主电容2.5μF,充电电压为2kV时,输出元冲量350.79±7.50μN?s,比冲531s,总体效率可达18.3%。     

离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应分析

为研究离心叶轮流场对进口压力脉冲的响应特性,根据推导出的相对坐标系下HLLC通量算式,自行开发了基于多块结构化网格的叶片机流场分析程序。首先对跨声Krain叶轮和亚声径向叶轮展开算例考核,程序计算的性能曲线和叶表压力数据与试验和商业软件的结果吻合较好,且具有较商业软件更快的计算速度。之后以径向叶轮为对象,数值求解其内流场对进口压力脉冲的响应,对结果的分析表明:脉冲越尖,上下游流场变化越不同步,导致出口流量和气动力矩峰值时刻的延迟,流场压力的时空分布找不到时间对称轴。叶片载荷的空间分布特征不因脉冲宽窄和时间推进而改变,脉冲越宽,流场受扰变化时间越长,载荷峰值就越偏离稳态值。流场密度的变化值在不同时刻的空间分布是近似的。      

Non-expert interpretations of hurricane forecast uncertainty visualizations

Uncertainty represented in visualizations is often ignored or misunderstood by the non-expert user. The National Hurricane Center displays hurricane forecasts using a track forecast cone, depicting the expected track of the storm and the uncertainty in the forecast. Our goal was to test whether different graphical displays of a hurricane forecast containing uncertainty would influence a decision about storm characteristics. Participants viewed one of five different visualization types. Three varied the currently used forecast cone, one presented a track with no uncertainty, and one presented an ensemble of multiple possible hurricane tracks. Results show that individuals make different decisions using uncertainty visualizations with different visual properties, demonstrating that basic visual properties must be considered in visualization design and communication.     

针对机载应用的H.264编码器评估方法

本文针对机载图像实时压缩的应用需求,讨论了一种H.264编码器性能的评估方法.该方法以典型的机载视频画面为测试序列,对编码器设定一组恒定QP值进行编码,将压缩后码流比特率与标准算法对比,评判编码器性能的优劣.通过对三种不同编码器的测试对比,证明了该评估方法的有效性.